Luke 5:33

The Superiority of the New

5:33 Then ¹  they said to him, “John’s ²  disciples frequently fast ³  and pray, ⁴  and so do the disciples of the Pharisees, ⁵  but yours continue to eat and drink.” ⁶ 

Luke 10:7

10:7 Stay ⁷  in that same house, eating and drinking what they give you, ⁸  for the worker deserves his pay. ⁹  Do not move around from house to house.

Luke 12:45

12:45 But if ¹⁰  that ¹¹  slave should say to himself, ¹²  ‘My master is delayed ¹³  in returning,’ and he begins to beat ¹⁴  the other ¹⁵  slaves, both men and women, ¹⁶  and to eat, drink, and get drunk,

[5:33]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[5:33]  ² tc Most mss (א*^,2 A C D Θ Ψ Ë^1,13 Ï latt sy) read διὰ τί (dia ti, “Why do John’s…?”) here, turning the statement into a question. But such seems to be a motivated reading, assimilating the text to Mark 2:18 and Matt 9:14. The reading represented in the translation is supported by Ì⁴ א¹ B L W Ξ 33 892* 1241 sa.

[5:33]  ³ sn John’s disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees followed typical practices with regard to fasting and prayer. Many Jews fasted regularly (Lev 16:29-34; 23:26-32; Num 29:7-11). The zealous fasted twice a week on Monday and Thursday.

[5:33]  ⁴ tn Grk “and offer prayers,” but this idiom (δέησις + ποιέω) is often simply a circumlocution for praying.

[5:33]  ⁵ sn See the note on Pharisees in 5:17.

[5:33]  ⁶ tn Grk “but yours are eating and drinking.” The translation “continue to eat and drink” attempts to reflect the progressive or durative nature of the action described, which in context is a practice not limited to the specific occasion at hand (the banquet).

[10:7]  ⁷ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[10:7]  ⁸ tn Grk “eating and drinking the things from them” (an idiom for what the people in the house provide the guests).

[10:7]  ⁹ sn On the phrase the worker deserves his pay see 1 Tim 5:18 and 1 Cor 9:14.

[12:45]  ¹³ tn In the Greek text this is a third class condition that for all practical purposes is a hypothetical condition (note the translation of the following verb “should say”).

[12:45]  ¹⁴ tn The term “that” (ἐκεῖνος, ekeino") is used as a catchword to list out, in the form of a number of hypothetical circumstances, what the possible responses of “that” servant could be. He could be faithful (vv. 43-44) or totally unfaithful (vv. 45-46). He does not complete his master’s will with knowledge (v. 47) or from ignorance (v 48). These differences are indicated by the different levels of punishment in vv. 46-48.

[12:45]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “should say in his heart.”

[12:45]  ¹⁶ tn Or “is taking a long time.”

[12:45]  ¹⁷ sn The slave’s action in beginning to beat the other slaves was not only a failure to carry out what was commanded but involved doing the exact reverse.

[12:45]  ¹⁸ tn The word “other” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[12:45]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the menservants and the maidservants.” The term here, used in both masculine and feminine grammatical forms, is παῖς (pais), which can refer to a slave, but also to a slave who is a personal servant, and thus regarded kindly (L&N 87.77).