Discovery BoxMatthew 24:7-51
Context24:7 For nation will rise up in arms 1 against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. And there will be famines 2 and earthquakes 3 in various places. 24:8 All 4 these things are the beginning of birth pains.
24:9 “Then they will hand you over to be persecuted and will kill you. You will be hated by all the nations 5 because of my name. 6 24:10 Then many will be led into sin, 7 and they will betray one another and hate one another. 24:11 And many false prophets will appear and deceive 8 many, 24:12 and because lawlessness will increase so much, the love of many will grow cold. 24:13 But the person who endures to the end will be saved. 9 24:14 And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached throughout the whole inhabited earth as a testimony to all the nations, 10 and then the end will come.
24:15 “So when you see the abomination of desolation 11 – spoken about by Daniel the prophet – standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), 24:16 then those in Judea must flee 12 to the mountains. 24:17 The one on the roof 13 must not come down 14 to take anything out of his house, 24:18 and the one in the field must not turn back to get his cloak. 24:19 Woe 15 to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing their babies in those days! 24:20 Pray 16 that your flight may not be in winter or on a Sabbath. 24:21 For then there will be great suffering 17 unlike anything that has happened 18 from the beginning of the world until now, or ever will happen. 24:22 And if those days had not been cut short, no one would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be cut short. 24:23 Then if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ 19 or ‘There he is!’ do not believe him. 24:24 For false messiahs 20 and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, even the elect. 24:25 Remember, 21 I have told you ahead of time. 24:26 So then, if someone 22 says to you, ‘Look, he is in the wilderness,’ 23 do not go out, or ‘Look, he is in the inner rooms,’ do not believe him. 24:27 For just like the lightning 24 comes from the east and flashes to the west, so the coming of the Son of Man will be. 24:28 Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures 25 will gather. 26
24:29 “Immediately 27 after the suffering 28 of those days, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of heaven will be shaken. 29 24:30 Then 30 the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, 31 and 32 all the tribes of the earth will mourn. They 33 will see the Son of Man arriving on the clouds of heaven 34 with power and great glory. 24:31 And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet blast, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven 35 to the other.
24:32 “Learn 36 this parable from the fig tree: Whenever its branch becomes tender and puts out its leaves, you know that summer is near. 24:33 So also you, when you see all these things, know 37 that he is near, right at the door. 24:34 I tell you the truth, 38 this generation 39 will not pass away until all these things take place. 24:35 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away. 40
24:36 “But as for that day and hour no one knows it – not even the angels in heaven 41 – except the Father alone. 24:37 For just like the days of Noah 42 were, so the coming of the Son of Man will be. 24:38 For in those days before the flood, people 43 were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noah entered the ark. 24:39 And they knew nothing until the flood came and took them all away. 44 It will be the same at the coming of the Son of Man. 45 24:40 Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one left. 46 24:41 There will be two women grinding grain with a mill; 47 one will be taken and one left.
24:42 “Therefore stay alert, because you do not know on what day 48 your Lord will come. 24:43 But understand this: If the owner of the house had known at what time of night the thief 49 was coming, he would have been alert and would not have let his house be broken into. 24:44 Therefore you also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour when you do not expect him. 50
24:45 “Who then is the faithful and wise slave, 51 whom the master has put in charge of his household, to give the other slaves 52 their food at the proper time? 24:46 Blessed is that slave whom the master finds at work 53 when he comes. 24:47 I tell you the truth, 54 the master 55 will put him in charge of all his possessions. 24:48 But if 56 that evil slave should say to himself, 57 ‘My master is staying away a long time,’ 24:49 and he begins to beat his fellow slaves and to eat and drink with drunkards, 24:50 then the master of that slave will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he does not foresee, 24:51 and will cut him in two, 58 and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
[24:7] 1 tn For the translation “rise up in arms” see L&N 55.2.
[24:7] 2 sn See Isa 5:13-14; 13:6-16; Hag 2:6-7; Zech 14:4.
[24:7] 3 tc Most witnesses (C Θ 0102 Ë1,13 Ï) have “and plagues” (καὶ λοιμοί, kai loimoi) between “famines” (λιμοί, limoi) and “earthquakes” (σεισμοί, seismoi), while others have “plagues and famines and earthquakes” (L W 33 pc lat). The similarities between λιμοί and λοιμοί could explain how καὶ λοιμοί might have accidentally dropped out, but since the Lukan parallel has both terms (and W lat have the order λοιμοὶ καὶ λιμοί there too, as they do in Matthew), it seems more likely that scribes added the phrase here. The shorter reading does not enjoy overwhelming support ([א] B D 892 pc, as well as versional witnesses), but it is nevertheless significant; coupled with the internal evidence it should be given preference.
[24:8] 4 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[24:9] 5 tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “nations” or “Gentiles”).
[24:9] 6 sn See Matt 5:10-12; 1 Cor 1:25-31.
[24:10] 7 tn Or “many will fall away.” This could also refer to apostasy.
[24:11] 8 tn Or “and lead many astray.”
[24:13] 9 sn But the person who endures to the end will be saved. Jesus was not claiming here that salvation is by works. He was simply arguing that genuine faith evidences itself in persistence through even the worst of trials.
[24:14] 10 tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “nations” or “Gentiles”).
[24:15] 11 sn The reference to the abomination of desolation is an allusion to Dan 9:27. Though some have seen the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy in the actions of Antiochus IV (or a representative of his) in 167
[24:16] 12 sn Fleeing to the mountains is a key OT image: Gen 19:17; Judg 6:2; Isa 15:5; Jer 16:16; Zech 14:5.
[24:17] 13 sn On the roof. Most of the roofs in the NT were flat roofs made of pounded dirt, sometimes mixed with lime or stones, supported by heavy wooden beams. They generally had an easy means of access, either a sturdy wooden ladder or stone stairway, sometimes on the outside of the house.
[24:17] 14 sn The swiftness and devastation of the judgment will require a swift escape. There will be no time to come down from the roof and pick up anything from inside one’s home.
[24:19] 15 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[24:20] 16 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[24:21] 17 tn Traditionally, “great tribulation.”
[24:21] 18 sn Suffering unlike anything that has happened. Some refer this event to the destruction of Jerusalem in
[24:23] 19 tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”
[24:24] 20 tn Or “false christs”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”
[24:25] 21 tn Or “Pay attention!” Grk “Behold.”
[24:26] 22 tn Grk “they say.” The third person plural is used here as an indefinite and translated “someone” (ExSyn 402).
[24:26] 23 tn Or “in the desert.”
[24:27] 24 sn The Son of Man’s coming in power will be sudden and obvious like lightning. No one will need to point it out.
[24:28] 25 tn The same Greek term can refer to “eagles” or “vultures” (L&N 4.42; BDAG 22 s.v. ἀετός), but in this context it must mean vultures because the gruesome image is one of dead bodies being consumed by scavengers.
[24:28] 26 tn Grk “will be gathered.” The passive construction has been translated as an active one in English.
[24:29] 27 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[24:29] 28 tn Traditionally, “tribulation.”
[24:29] 29 sn An allusion to Isa 13:10, 34:4 (LXX); Joel 2:10. The heavens were seen as the abode of heavenly forces, so their shaking indicates distress in the spiritual realm. Although some take the powers as a reference to bodies in the heavens (like stars and planets, “the heavenly bodies,” NIV) this is not as likely.
[24:30] 30 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
[24:30] 31 tn Or “in the sky”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context.
[24:30] 32 tn Here τότε (tote, “then”) has not been translated to avoid redundancy in English.
[24:30] 33 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
[24:30] 34 sn An allusion to Dan 7:13. Here is Jesus returning with full authority to judge.
[24:31] 35 tn Or “of the sky”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context.
[24:32] 36 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[24:33] 37 tn The verb γινώσκετε (ginwskete, “know”) can be parsed as either present indicative or present imperative. In this context the imperative fits better, since the movement is from analogy (trees and seasons) to the future (the signs of the coming of the kingdom) and since the emphasis is on preparation for this event.
[24:34] 38 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[24:34] 39 sn This is one of the hardest verses in the gospels to interpret. Various views exist for what generation means. (1) Some take it as meaning “race” and thus as an assurance that the Jewish race (nation) will not pass away. But it is very questionable that the Greek term γενεά (genea) can have this meaning. Two other options are possible. (2) Generation might mean “this type of generation” and refer to the generation of wicked humanity. Then the point is that humanity will not perish, because God will redeem it. Or (3) generation may refer to “the generation that sees the signs of the end” (v. 30), who will also see the end itself. In other words, once the movement to the return of Christ starts, all the events connected with it happen very quickly, in rapid succession.
[24:35] 40 sn The words that Jesus predicts here will never pass away. They are more stable and lasting than creation itself. For this kind of image, see Isa 40:8; 55:10-11.
[24:36] 41 tc ‡ Some important witnesses, including early Alexandrian and Western
[24:37] 42 sn Like the days of Noah, the time of the flood in Gen 6:5-8:22, the judgment will come as a surprise as people live their day to day lives.
[24:38] 43 tn Grk “they,” but in an indefinite sense, “people.”
[24:39] 44 sn Like the flood that came and took them all away, the coming judgment associated with the Son of Man will condemn many.
[24:39] 45 tn Grk “So also will be the coming of the Son of Man.”
[24:40] 46 sn There is debate among commentators and scholars over the phrase one will be taken and one left about whether one is taken for judgment or for salvation. If the imagery is patterned after the rescue of Noah from the flood, as some suggest, the ones taken are the saved (as Noah was) andthose left behind are judged. The imagery, however, is not directly tied to theidentification of the two groups. Its primary purposein context is topicture the sudden, surprisingseparation of the righteous and the judged (i.e., condemned) at the return of the Son of Man.
[24:41] 47 tn According to L&N 46.16, this refers to a hand mill normally operated by two women.
[24:42] 48 tc Most later
[24:43] 49 sn On Jesus pictured as a returning thief, see 1 Thess 5:2, 4; 2 Pet 3:10; Rev 3:3; 16:15.
[24:44] 50 sn Jesus made clear that his coming could not be timed, and suggested it would take some time – so long, in fact, that some will not be looking for him any longer (at an hour when you do not expect him).
[24:45] 51 tn See the note on the word “slave” in 8:9.
[24:45] 52 tn Grk “give them.”
[24:46] 53 tn That is, doing his job, doing what he is supposed to be doing.
[24:47] 54 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[24:47] 55 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the master) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:48] 56 tn In the Greek text this is a third class condition that for all practical purposes is a hypothetical condition (note the translation of the following verb “should say”).
[24:48] 57 tn Grk “should say in his heart.”
[24:51] 58 tn The verb διχοτομέω (dicotomew) means to cut an object into two parts (L&N 19.19). This is an extremely severe punishment compared to the other two later punishments. To translate it simply as “punish” is too mild. If taken literally this servant is dismembered, although it is possible to view the stated punishment as hyperbole (L&N 38.12).
