Philippians 4:21

Final Greetings

4:21 Give greetings to all the saints in Christ Jesus. The brothers ¹  with me here send greetings.

Philippians 2:22

2:22 But you know his qualifications, that like a son working with his father, he served with me in advancing the gospel.

Philippians 1:1

Salutation

1:1 From Paul ²  and Timothy, slaves ³  of Christ Jesus, to all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, ⁴  with the overseers ⁵  and deacons.

Philippians 1:23

1:23 I feel torn between the two, ⁶  because I have a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is better by far,

[4:21]  ¹ tn Or perhaps, “The brothers and sisters” (so TEV, TNIV; cf. NRSV “The friends”; CEV “The Lord’s followers”) If “brothers” refers to Paul’s traveling companions, it is probably that only men are in view (cf. NAB, NLT). Since v. 22 mentions “all the saints,” which presumably includes everyone, it is more probable here that only Paul’s traveling companions are in view.

[1:1]  ² tn Grk “Paul.” The word “from” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.

[1:1]  ³ tn Traditionally, “servants” or “bondservants.” Though δοῦλος (doulos) is normally translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.

[1:1]  ⁴ map For location see JP1 C1; JP2 C1; JP3 C1; JP4 C1.

[1:1]  ⁵ sn The overseers (or “church leaders,” L&N 53.71) is another term for the same official position of leadership as the “elder.” This is seen in the interchange of the two terms in Titus 1:6-7 and in Acts 20:17, 28, as well as in the parallels between Titus 1:6-7 and 1 Tim 3:1-7.

[1:23]  ³ tn Grk “I am hard-pressed between the two.” Cf. L&N 30.18.