Discovery BoxPsalms 106:7-48
Context106:7 Our ancestors in Egypt failed to appreciate your miraculous deeds,
they failed to remember your many acts of loyal love,
and they rebelled at the sea, by the Red Sea. 1
106:8 Yet he delivered them for the sake of his reputation, 2
that he might reveal his power.
106:9 He shouted at 3 the Red Sea and it dried up;
he led them through the deep water as if it were a desert.
106:10 He delivered them from the power 4 of the one who hated them,
and rescued 5 them from the power 6 of the enemy.
106:11 The water covered their enemies;
not even one of them survived. 7
106:12 They believed his promises; 8
they sang praises to him.
106:13 They quickly forgot what he had done; 9
they did not wait for his instructions. 10
106:14 In the wilderness they had an insatiable craving 11 for meat; 12
they challenged God 13 in the desert.
106:15 He granted their request,
then struck them with a disease. 14
106:16 In the camp they resented 15 Moses,
and Aaron, the Lord’s holy priest. 16
106:17 The earth opened up and swallowed Dathan;
it engulfed 17 the group led by Abiram. 18
106:18 Fire burned their group;
the flames scorched the wicked. 19
106:19 They made an image of a calf at Horeb,
and worshiped a metal idol.
106:20 They traded their majestic God 20
for the image of an ox that eats grass.
106:21 They rejected 21 the God who delivered them,
the one who performed great deeds in Egypt,
106:22 amazing feats in the land of Ham,
mighty 22 acts by the Red Sea.
106:23 He threatened 23 to destroy them,
but 24 Moses, his chosen one, interceded with him 25
and turned back his destructive anger. 26
106:24 They rejected the fruitful land; 27
they did not believe his promise. 28
106:25 They grumbled in their tents; 29
they did not obey 30 the Lord.
106:26 So he made a solemn vow 31
that he would make them die 32 in the desert,
106:27 make their descendants 33 die 34 among the nations,
and scatter them among foreign lands. 35
106:28 They worshiped 36 Baal of Peor,
and ate sacrifices offered to the dead. 37
106:29 They made the Lord angry 38 by their actions,
and a plague broke out among them.
106:30 Phinehas took a stand and intervened, 39
and the plague subsided.
106:31 This brought him a reward,
an eternal gift. 40
106:32 They made him angry by the waters of Meribah,
and Moses suffered 41 because of them,
106:33 for they aroused 42 his temper, 43
and he spoke rashly. 44
106:34 They did not destroy the nations, 45
as the Lord had commanded them to do.
106:35 They mixed in with the nations
and learned their ways. 46
106:36 They worshiped 47 their idols,
which became a snare to them. 48
106:37 They sacrificed their sons and daughters to demons. 49
106:38 They shed innocent blood –
the blood of their sons and daughters,
whom they sacrificed to the idols of Canaan.
The land was polluted by bloodshed. 50
106:39 They were defiled by their deeds,
and unfaithful in their actions. 51
106:40 So the Lord was angry with his people 52
and despised the people who belong to him. 53
106:41 He handed them over to 54 the nations,
and those who hated them ruled over them.
106:42 Their enemies oppressed them;
they were subject to their authority. 55
106:43 Many times he delivered 56 them,
but they had a rebellious attitude, 57
and degraded themselves 58 by their sin.
106:44 Yet he took notice of their distress,
when he heard their cry for help.
106:45 He remembered his covenant with them,
and relented 59 because of his great loyal love.
106:46 He caused all their conquerors 60
to have pity on them.
106:47 Deliver us, O Lord, our God!
Gather us from among the nations!
Then we will give thanks 61 to your holy name,
and boast about your praiseworthy deeds. 62
106:48 The Lord God of Israel deserves praise, 63
in the future and forevermore. 64
[106:7] 1 tn Heb “Reed Sea” (also in vv. 9, 22). “Reed Sea” (or “Sea of Reeds”) is a more accurate rendering of the Hebrew expression יָם סוּף (yam suf), traditionally translated “Red Sea.” See the note on the term “Red Sea” in Exod 13:18.
[106:8] 2 tn Heb “his name,” which here stands metonymically for God’s reputation.
[106:12] 8 tn Heb “his words.”
[106:13] 9 tn Heb “his works.”
[106:13] 10 tn Heb “his counsel.”
[106:14] 11 sn They had an insatiable craving. This is described in Num 11:4-35.
[106:14] 12 tn Heb “they craved [with] a craving.”
[106:14] 13 tn Heb “they tested God.”
[106:15] 14 tn Heb “and he sent leanness into their being.”
[106:16] 16 tn Heb “the holy one of the
[106:17] 18 tn Or “the assembly of Abiram.”
[106:18] 19 sn Verses 16-18 describe the events of Num 16:1-40.
[106:20] 20 tn Heb “their glory.” According to an ancient Hebrew scribal tradition, the text originally read “his glory” or “my glory.” In Jer 2:11 the
[106:22] 22 tn Or “awe-inspiring.”
[106:23] 23 tn Heb “and he said.”
[106:23] 24 tn Heb “if not,” that is, “[and would have] if [Moses] had not.”
[106:23] 25 tn Heb “stood in the gap before him.”
[106:23] 26 tn Heb “to turn back his anger from destroying.”
[106:24] 27 tn Heb “a land of delight” (see also Jer 3:19; Zech 7:14).
[106:24] 28 tn Heb “his word.”
[106:25] 29 sn They grumbled in their tents. See Deut 1:27.
[106:25] 30 tn Heb “did not listen to the voice of.”
[106:26] 31 tn Heb “and he lifted his hand to [or “concerning”] them.” The idiom “to lift a hand” here refers to swearing an oath. One would sometimes solemnly lift one’s hand when making such a vow (see Ezek 20:5-6, 15).
[106:26] 32 tn Heb “to cause them to fall.”
[106:27] 33 tn Or “offspring”; Heb “seed.”
[106:27] 34 tn Heb “and to cause their offspring to fall.” Some emend the verb to “scatter” to form tighter parallelism with the following line (cf. NRSV “disperse”).
[106:27] 35 tn Heb “among the lands.” The word “foreign” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
[106:28] 36 tn Heb “joined themselves to.”
[106:28] 37 tn Here “the dead” may refer to deceased ancestors (see Deut 26:14). Another option is to understand the term as a derogatory reference to the various deities which the Israelites worshiped at Peor along with Baal (see Num 25:2 and L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 [WBC], 49).
[106:29] 38 tn Heb “They made angry [him].” The pronominal suffix is omitted here, but does appear in a few medieval Hebrew
[106:30] 39 sn The intervention of Phinehas is recounted in Num 25:7-8.
[106:31] 40 tn Heb “and it was reckoned to him for righteousness, to a generation and a generation forever.” The verb חָשַׁב (khashav, “to reckon”) is collocated with צְדָקָה (tsÿdaqah, “righteousness”) only in Ps 106:31 and Gen 15:6, where God rewards Abram’s faith with a land grant.
[106:32] 41 tn Heb “there was harm to Moses.”
[106:33] 42 tn The Hebrew text vocalizes the form as הִמְרוּ (himru), a Hiphil from מָרָה (marah, “to behave rebelliously”), but the verb fits better with the object (“his spirit”) if it is revocalized as הֵמֵרוּ (hemeru), a Hiphil from מָרַר (marar, “to be bitter”). The Israelites “embittered” Moses’ “spirit” in the sense that they aroused his temper with their complaints.
[106:33] 43 tn Heb “his spirit.”
[106:33] 44 tn The Hebrew text adds “with his lips,” but this has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[106:34] 45 tn That is, the nations of Canaan.
[106:35] 46 tn Heb “their deeds.”
[106:36] 48 sn Became a snare. See Exod 23:33; Judg 2:3.
[106:37] 49 tn The Hebrew term שֵׁדִים (shedim, “demons”) occurs only here and in Deut 32:17. Some type of lesser deity is probably in view.
[106:38] 50 sn Num 35:33-34 explains that bloodshed defiles a land.
[106:39] 51 tn Heb “and they committed adultery in their actions.” This means that they were unfaithful to the
[106:40] 52 tn Heb “the anger of the
[106:40] 53 tn Heb “his inheritance.”
[106:41] 54 tn Heb “gave them into the hand of.”
[106:42] 55 tn Heb “they were subdued under their hand.”
[106:43] 56 tn The prefixed verbal form is either preterite or imperfect, in which case it is customary, describing repeated action in past time (“he would deliver”).
[106:43] 57 tn Heb “but they rebelled in their counsel.” The prefixed verbal form is either preterite or imperfect, in which case it is customary, describing repeated action in past time (“they would have a rebellious attitude”).
[106:43] 58 tn Heb “they sank down.” The Hebrew verb מָכַךְ (makhakh, “to lower; to sink”) occurs only here in the Qal.
[106:45] 59 tn The Niphal of נָחַם (nakham) refers here to God relenting from a punishment already underway.
[106:47] 61 tn Heb “to give thanks.” The infinitive construct indicates result after the imperative.
[106:47] 62 tn Heb “to boast in your praise.”
[106:48] 63 tn Heb “[be] blessed.” See Pss 18:46; 28:6; 31:21.
[106:48] 64 tn Heb “from everlasting to everlasting.”
[106:48] 65 tn Heb “surely” (אָמֵן, ’amen), traditionally transliterated “amen.”
[106:48] 66 sn The final verse (v. 48) is a conclusion to this fourth “book” (or major editorial division) of the Psalter. Similar statements appear at or near the end of each of the first, second and third “books” of the Psalter (see Pss 41:13; 72:18-19; 89:52, respectively).
