Psalms 18:45

18:45 foreigners lose their courage; ¹ 

they shake with fear ²  as they leave ³  their strongholds. ⁴ 

Psalms 37:2

37:2 For they will quickly dry up like grass,

and wither away like plants. ⁵ 

Psalms 1:3

1:3 He is like ⁶  a tree planted by flowing streams; ⁷ 

it ⁸  yields ⁹  its fruit at the proper time, ¹⁰ 

and its leaves never fall off. ¹¹ 

He succeeds in everything he attempts. ¹² 

[18:45]  ¹ tn Heb “wither, wear out.”

[18:45]  ² tn The meaning of חָרַג (kharag, “shake”) is established on the basis of cognates in Arabic and Aramaic. 2 Sam 22:46 reads חָגַר (khagar), which might mean here, “[they] come limping” (on the basis of a cognate in postbiblical Hebrew). The normal meaning for חָגַר (“gird”) makes little sense here.

[18:45]  ³ tn Heb “from.”

[18:45]  ⁴ tn Heb “their prisons.” The besieged cities of the foreigners are compared to prisons.

[37:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “like green vegetation.”

[1:3]  ⁹ tn The Hebrew perfect verbal form with vav (ו) consecutive here carries the same characteristic force as the imperfect in the preceding verse. According to the psalmist, the one who studies and obeys God’s commands typically prospers.

[1:3]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “channels of water.”

[1:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “which.”

[1:3]  ¹² tn The Hebrew imperfect verbal forms in v. 3 draw attention to the typical nature of the actions/states they describe.

[1:3]  ¹³ tn Heb “in its season.”

[1:3]  ¹⁴ tn Or “fade”; “wither.”

[1:3]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and all which he does prospers”; or “and all which he does he causes to prosper.” (The simile of the tree does not extend to this line.) It is not certain if the Hiphil verbal form (יַצְלִיחַ, yatsliakh) is intransitive-exhibitive (“prospers”) or causative (“causes to prosper”) here. If the verb is intransitive, then כֹּל (kol, “all, everything”) is the subject. If the verb is causative, then the godly individual or the Lord himself is the subject and כֹּל is the object. The wording is reminiscent of Josh 1:8, where the Lord tells Joshua: “This law scroll must not leave your lips! You must memorize it day and night so you can carefully obey all that is written in it. Then you will prosper (literally, “cause your way to prosper”) and be successful.”