Revelation 13:7

13:7 The beast ¹  was permitted to go to war against the saints and conquer them. ²  He was given ruling authority ³  over every tribe, people, ⁴  language, and nation,

Revelation 1:7

1:7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, ⁵ 

and every eye will see him,

even ⁶  those who pierced him, ⁷ 

and all the tribes ⁸  on the earth will mourn because ⁹  of him.

This will certainly come to pass! ¹⁰  Amen.) ¹¹ 

Revelation 5:5

5:5 Then ¹²  one of the elders said ¹³  to me, “Stop weeping! ¹⁴  Look, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the root of David, has conquered; ¹⁵  thus he can open ¹⁶  the scroll and its seven seals.”

Revelation 11:9

11:9 For three and a half days those from every ¹⁷  people, tribe, ¹⁸  nation, and language will look at their corpses, because they will not permit them to be placed in a tomb. ¹⁹ 

Revelation 14:6

Three Angels and Three Messages

14:6 Then ²⁰  I saw another ²¹  angel flying directly overhead, ²²  and he had ²³  an eternal gospel to proclaim ²⁴  to those who live ²⁵  on the earth – to every nation, tribe, ²⁶  language, and people.

Revelation 21:12

21:12 It has ²⁷  a massive, high wall ²⁸  with twelve gates, ²⁹  with twelve angels at the gates, and the names of the twelve tribes of the nation of Israel ³⁰  are written on the gates. ³¹ 

[13:7]  ¹ tn Grk “and it was given to him to go to war.” Here the passive construction has been simplified, the referent (the beast) has been specified for clarity, and καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:7]  ² tc Many mss omit the phrase “it was given to make war with the saints and to overcome them” (Ì⁴⁷ A C 2053 Ï^A sa). It is, however, found in Ì^115vid א 051 1006 (1611) 1841 (1854) 2329 2344 2351 (Ï^K) lat sy^ph,(h) bo. Although the ms evidence is somewhat in favor of the shorter reading, the support of ̹¹⁵ (a recently-discovered ms) for the longer reading balances things out. Normally, the shorter reading should be given preference. However, in an instance in which homoioteleuton could play a role, caution must be exercised. In this passage, accidental omission is quite likely. That this could have happened seems apparent from the two occurrences of the identical phrase “and it was given to him” (καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ, kai edoqh autw) in v. 7. The scribe’s eye skipped over the first καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ and went to the second, hence creating an accidental omission of eleven words.

[13:7]  ³ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[13:7]  ⁴ tn Grk “and people,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[1:7]  ⁵ sn An allusion to Dan 7:13.

[1:7]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) was translated as ascensive.

[1:7]  ⁷ sn An allusion to Zech 12:10.

[1:7]  ⁸ tn In this context, tribes (φυλαί, fulai) could also be translated as “nations” or “peoples” (L&N 11.56).

[1:7]  ⁹ tn The conjunction ἐπί (epi) is most likely causal here. The people who crucified him are those of every tribe on the earth and they will mourn because he comes as judge.

[1:7]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “Yes, Amen.” The expression “This will certainly come to pass” is an attempt to capture the force of the juxtaposition of the Greek ναί (nai) and the Hebrew ἀμήν (amhn). See L&N 69.1.

[1:7]  ¹¹ sn These lines are placed in parentheses because they form an aside to the main argument.

[5:5]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[5:5]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “says” (a historical present).

[5:5]  ¹¹ tn The present imperative with μή (mh) is used here to command cessation of an action in progress (ExSyn 724 lists this verse as an example).

[5:5]  ¹² tn Or “has been victorious”; traditionally, “has overcome.”

[5:5]  ¹³ tn The infinitive has been translated as an infinitive of result here.

[11:9]  ¹³ tn The word “every” is not in the Greek text, but is implied by the following list.

[11:9]  ¹⁴ tn The Greek term καί (kai) has not been translated before this and the following items in the list, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[11:9]  ¹⁵ tn Or “to be buried.”

[14:6]  ¹⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[14:6]  ¹⁸ tc Most mss (Ì47 א* Ï sa) lack ἄλλον (allon, “another”) here, but the support for it is stronger (Ì^115vid א² A C P 051 1006 1611 1841 2053 2329 al latt sy bo). The problem that its inclusion represents is that there is no reference to any other angel in the immediate context (the last mention was in 11:15). In this instance, the longer reading is harder. The word was probably intentionally omitted in order to resolve the tension; less likely, it might have been accidentally omitted since its spelling is similar to “angel” (ἄγγελος, angelos).

[14:6]  ¹⁹ tn L&N 1.10 states, “a point or region of the sky directly above the earth – ‘high in the sky, midpoint in the sky, directly overhead, straight above in the sky.’”

[14:6]  ²⁰ tn Grk “having.”

[14:6]  ²¹ tn Or “an eternal gospel to announce as good news.”

[14:6]  ²² tn Grk “to those seated on the earth.”

[14:6]  ²³ tn Grk “and tribe,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[21:12]  ²¹ tn Grk “jasper, having.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation.

[21:12]  ²² tn Grk “a (city) wall great and high.”

[21:12]  ²³ tn On this term BDAG 897 s.v. πυλών 1 states, “gate, esp. of the large, impressive gateways at the entrance of temples and palaces…of the entrances of the heavenly Jerusalem…οἱ πυλῶνες αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ κλεισθῶσιν its entrances shall never be shut Rv 21:25; cp. vss. 12ab, 13abcd, 15, 21ab; 22:14.”

[21:12]  ²⁴ tn Grk “of the sons of Israel.” The translation “nation of Israel” is given in L&N 11.58.

[21:12]  ²⁵ tn Grk “on them”; the referent (the gates) has been specified in the translation for clarity.