Revelation 14:14

14:14 Then ¹  I looked, and a white cloud appeared, ²  and seated on the cloud was one like a son of man! ³  He had ⁴  a golden crown on his head and a sharp sickle in his hand.

Ezekiel 1:26-28

1:26 Above the platform over their heads was something like a sapphire shaped like a throne. High above on the throne was a form that appeared to be a man. 1:27 I saw an amber glow ⁵  like a fire enclosed all around ⁶  from his waist up. From his waist down I saw something that looked like fire. There was a brilliant light around it, 1:28 like the appearance of a rainbow in the clouds after the rain. ⁷  This was the appearance of the surrounding brilliant light; it looked like the glory of the Lord. When I saw ⁸  it, I threw myself face down, and I heard a voice speaking.

Daniel 7:9

7:9 “While I was watching,

thrones were set up,

and the Ancient of Days ⁹  took his seat.

His attire was white like snow;

the hair of his head was like lamb’s ¹⁰  wool.

His throne was ablaze with fire

and its wheels were all aflame. ¹¹ 

Daniel 7:13

7:13 I was watching in the night visions,

“And with ¹²  the clouds of the sky ¹³ 

one like a son of man ¹⁴  was approaching.

He went up to the Ancient of Days

and was escorted ¹⁵  before him.

Daniel 10:5-6

10:5 I looked up ¹⁶  and saw a ¹⁷  man ¹⁸  clothed in linen; ¹⁹  around his waist was a belt made of gold from Upaz. ²⁰  10:6 His body resembled yellow jasper, ²¹  and his face had an appearance like lightning. His eyes were like blazing torches; ²²  his arms and feet had the gleam of polished bronze. His voice ²³  thundered forth like the sound of a large crowd.

Daniel 10:16

10:16 Then ²⁴  one who appeared to be a human being ²⁵  was touching my lips. I opened my mouth and started to speak, saying to the one who was standing before me, “Sir, ²⁶  due to the vision, anxiety has gripped me and I have no strength.

Philippians 2:7-8

2:7 but emptied himself

by taking on the form of a slave, ²⁷ 

by looking like other men, ²⁸ 

and by sharing in human nature. ²⁹ 

2:8 He humbled himself,

by becoming obedient to the point of death

– even death on a cross!

Hebrews 2:14-17

2:14 Therefore, since the children share in flesh and blood, he likewise shared in ³⁰  their humanity, ³¹  so that through death he could destroy ³²  the one who holds the power of death (that is, the devil), 2:15 and set free those who were held in slavery all their lives by their fear of death. 2:16 For surely his concern is not for angels, but he is concerned for Abraham’s descendants. 2:17 Therefore he had ³³  to be made like his brothers and sisters ³⁴  in every respect, so that he could become a merciful and faithful high priest in things relating to God, to make atonement ³⁵  for the sins of the people.

Hebrews 4:15

4:15 For we do not have a high priest incapable of sympathizing with our weaknesses, but one who has been tempted in every way just as we are, yet without sin.

[14:14]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[14:14]  ² tn Grk “and behold, a white cloud.”

[14:14]  ³ tn This phrase constitutes an allusion to Dan 7:13. Concerning υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (Juio" tou anqrwpou), BDAG 1026 s.v. υἱός 2.d.γ says: “ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου lit. ‘the son of the man’…‘the human being, the human one, the man’…On Israelite thought contemporary w. Jesus and alleged knowledge of a heavenly being looked upon as a ‘Son of Man’ or ‘Man’, who exercises Messianic functions such as judging the world (metaph., pictorial passages in En 46-48; 4 Esdr 13:3, 51f)…Outside the gospels: Ac 7:56…Rv 1:13; 14:14 (both after Da 7:13…).” The term “son” here in this expression is anarthrous and as such lacks specificity. Some commentators and translations take the expression as an allusion to Daniel 7:13 and not to “the son of man” found in gospel traditions (e.g., Mark 8:31; 9:12; cf. D. E. Aune, Revelation [WBC], 2:800-801; cf. also NIV). Other commentators and versions, however, take the phrase “son of man” as definite, involving allusions to Dan 7:13 and “the son of man” gospel traditions (see G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 771-72; NRSV).

[14:14]  ⁴ tn Grk “like a son of man, having.” In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence.

[1:27]  ⁵ tn See Ezek 1:4.

[1:27]  ⁶ tc The LXX lacks this phrase. Its absence from the LXX may be explained as a case of haplography resulting from homoioteleuton, skipping from כְּמַרְאֵה (kÿmar’eh) to מִמַּרְאֵה (mimmar’eh). On the other hand, the LXX presents a much more balanced verse structure when it is recognized that the final words of this verse belong in the next sentence.

[1:28]  ⁷ sn Reference to the glowing substance and the brilliant light and storm phenomena in vv. 27-28a echoes in reverse order the occurrence of these phenomena in v. 4.

[1:28]  ⁸ tn The vision closes with the repetition of the verb “I saw” from the beginning of the vision in 1:4.

[7:9]  ⁹ tn Or “the Ancient One” (NAB, NRSV, NLT), although the traditional expression has been retained in the present translation because it is familiar to many readers. Cf. TEV “One who had been living for ever”; CEV “the Eternal God.”

[7:9]  ¹⁰ tn Traditionally the Aramaic word נְקֵא (nÿqe’) has been rendered “pure,” but here it more likely means “of a lamb.” Cf. the Syriac neqya’ (“a sheep, ewe”). On this word see further, M. Sokoloff, “’amar neqe’, ‘Lamb’s Wool’ (Dan 7:9),” JBL 95 (1976): 277-79.

[7:9]  ¹¹ tn Aram “a flaming fire.”

[7:13]  ¹² tc The LXX has ἐπί (epi, “upon”) here (cf. Matt 24:30; 26:64). Theodotion has μετά (meta, “with”) here (cf. Mark 14:62; Rev 1:7).

[7:13]  ¹³ tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[7:13]  ¹⁴ sn This text is probably the main OT background for Jesus’ use of the term “son of man.” In both Jewish and Christian circles the reference in the book of Daniel has traditionally been understood to refer to an individual, usually in a messianic sense. Many modern scholars, however, understand the reference to have a corporate identity. In this view, the “son of man” is to be equated with the “holy ones” (vv. 18, 21, 22, 25) or the “people of the holy ones” (v. 27) and understood as a reference to the Jewish people. Others understand Daniel’s reference to be to the angel Michael.

[7:13]  ¹⁵ tn Aram “they brought him near.”

[10:5]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “I lifted up my eyes.”

[10:5]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “one.” The Hebrew numerical adjective is used here like an English indefinite article.

[10:5]  ¹⁸ sn The identity of the messenger is not specifically disclosed. Presumably he is an unnamed angel. Some interpreters identify him as Gabriel, but there is no adequate reason for doing so.

[10:5]  ¹⁹ tn The Hebrew word בַּדִּים (baddim) is a plural of extension. See GKC 396-97 §124.a, b, c and Joüon 2:500 §136.c.

[10:5]  ²⁰ tn The location of this place and even the exact form of the Hebrew name אוּפָז (’ufaz) are uncertain. Apparently it was a source for pure gold. (See Jer 10:9.) The Hebrew word פָז (paz, “refined gold” or “pure gold”) is more common in the OT than אוּפָז, and some scholars emend the text of Dan 10:5 to read this word. Cf. also “Ophir” (1 Kgs 9:28; Isa 13:12; Job 22:24; 28:16).

[10:6]  ²¹ tn The Hebrew word translated “yellow jasper” is תַּרשִׁישׁ (tarshish); it appears to be a semiprecious stone, but its exact identity is somewhat uncertain. It may be the yellow jasper, although this is conjectural. Cf. NAB, NIV “chrysolite”; NASB, NRSV “beryl.”

[10:6]  ²² tn Heb “torches of fire.”

[10:6]  ²³ tn Heb “The sound of his words” (cf. v. 9).

[10:16]  ²⁴ tn Heb “Behold.”

[10:16]  ²⁵ tc So most Hebrew MSS; one Hebrew MS along with the Dead Sea Scrolls and LXX read “something that looked like a man’s hand.”

[10:16]  ²⁶ tn Heb “my lord,” here a title of polite address. Cf. v. 19.

[2:7]  ²⁷ tn See the note on the word “slaves” in 1:1.

[2:7]  ²⁸ tn Grk “by coming in the likeness of people.”

[2:7]  ²⁹ tn Grk “and by being found in form as a man.” The versification of vv. 7 and 8 (so also NRSV) is according to the versification in the NA²⁷ and UBS⁴ editions of the Greek text. Some translations, however, break the verses in front of this phrase (NKJV, NASB, NIV, NLT). The same material has been translated in each case; the only difference is the versification of that material.

[2:14]  ³⁰ tn Or “partook of” (this is a different word than the one in v. 14a).

[2:14]  ³¹ tn Grk “the same.”

[2:14]  ³² tn Or “break the power of,” “reduce to nothing.”

[2:17]  ³³ tn Or “he was obligated.”

[2:17]  ³⁴ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.

[2:17]  ³⁵ tn Or “propitiation.”