Revelation 16:10-11

16:10 Then ¹  the fifth angel ²  poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast so that ³  darkness covered his kingdom, ⁴  and people ⁵  began to bite ⁶  their tongues because ⁷  of their pain. 16:11 They blasphemed the God of heaven because of their sufferings ⁸  and because of their sores, ⁹  but nevertheless ¹⁰  they still refused to repent ¹¹  of their deeds.

Revelation 16:21

16:21 And gigantic hailstones, weighing about a hundred pounds ¹²  each, fell from heaven ¹³  on people, ¹⁴  but they ¹⁵  blasphemed God because of the plague of hail, since it ¹⁶  was so horrendous. ¹⁷ 

[16:10]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:10]  ² tn Grk “the fifth”; the referent (the fifth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:10]  ³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” to indicate the implied result of the fifth bowl being poured out.

[16:10]  ⁴ tn Grk “his kingdom became dark.”

[16:10]  ⁵ tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

[16:10]  ⁶ tn On this term BDAG 620 s.v. μασάομαι states, “bite w. acc. τὰς γλώσσας bite their tongues Rv 16:10.”

[16:10]  ⁷ tn The preposition ἐκ (ek) has been translated here and twice in the following verse with a causal sense.

[16:11]  ⁸ tn Grk “pains” (the same term in Greek [πόνος, ponos] as the last word in v. 11, here translated “sufferings” because it is plural). BDAG 852 s.v. 2 states, “ἐκ τοῦ π. in pain…Rv 16:10; pl. (Gen 41:51; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 146; Test. Jud. 18:4) ἐκ τῶν π. …because of their sufferings vs. 11.”

[16:11]  ⁹ tn Or “ulcerated sores” (see 16:2).

[16:11]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “and they did not repent.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but nevertheless” to express the contrast here.

[16:11]  ¹¹ tn Grk “they did not repent” The addition of “still refused” reflects the hardness of people’s hearts in the context.

[16:21]  ¹² tn Here BDAG 988 s.v. ταλαντιαῖος states, “weighing a talent…χάλαζα μεγάλη ὡς ταλαντιαία a severe hailstorm with hailstones weighing a talent (the talent=125 librae, or Roman pounds of c. 343 gr. or 12 ounces each) (weighing about a hundred pounds NRSV) Rv 16:21.” This means each hailstone would weigh just under 100 pounds or 40 kilograms.

[16:21]  ¹³ tn Or “the sky.” Due to the apocalyptic nature of this book, it is probably best to leave the translation as “from heaven,” since God is ultimately the source of the judgment.

[16:21]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “on men,” but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in a generic sense to refer to people in general (the hailstones did not single out adult males, but would have also fallen on women and children).

[16:21]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “the men”; for stylistic reasons the pronoun “they” is used here.

[16:21]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “the plague of it.”

[16:21]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “since the plague of it was exceedingly great.”