Revelation 16:18

16:18 Then ¹  there were flashes of lightning, roaring, ²  and crashes of thunder, and there was a tremendous earthquake – an earthquake unequaled since humanity ³  has been on the earth, so tremendous was that earthquake.

Revelation 18:11

18:11 Then ⁴  the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn for her because no one buys their cargo ⁵  any longer –

Revelation 18:7

18:7 As much as ⁶  she exalted herself and lived in sensual luxury, ⁷  to this extent give her torment and grief because she said to herself, ⁸  ‘I rule as queen and am no widow; I will never experience grief!’

Revelation 16:21

16:21 And gigantic hailstones, weighing about a hundred pounds ⁹  each, fell from heaven ¹⁰  on people, ¹¹  but they ¹²  blasphemed God because of the plague of hail, since it ¹³  was so horrendous. ¹⁴ 

Revelation 3:16

3:16 So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I am going ¹⁵  to vomit ¹⁶  you out of my mouth!

Revelation 4:11

4:11 “You are worthy, our Lord and God,

to receive glory and honor and power,

since you created all things,

and because of your will they existed and were created!” ¹⁷ 

Revelation 3:10

3:10 Because you have kept ¹⁸  my admonition ¹⁹  to endure steadfastly, ²⁰  I will also keep you from the hour of testing that is about to come on the whole world to test those who live on the earth.

Revelation 13:8

13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, ²¹  everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world ²²  in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. ²³ 

Revelation 14:15

14:15 Then ²⁴  another angel came out of the temple, shouting in a loud voice to the one seated on the cloud, “Use ²⁵  your sickle and start to reap, ²⁶  because the time to reap has come, since the earth’s harvest is ripe!”

Revelation 17:8

17:8 The beast you saw was, and is not, but is about to come up from the abyss ²⁷  and then go to destruction. The ²⁸  inhabitants of the earth – all those whose names have not been written in the book of life since the foundation of the world – will be astounded when they see that ²⁹  the beast was, and is not, but is to come.

[16:18]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:18]  ² tn Or “sounds,” “voices.” It is not entirely clear what this refers to. BDAG 1071 s.v. φωνή 1 states, “In Rv we have ἀστραπαὶ καὶ φωναὶ καὶ βρονταί (cp. Ex 19:16) 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18 (are certain other sounds in nature thought of here in addition to thunder, as e.g. the roar of the storm?…).”

[16:18]  ³ tn The singular ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used generically here to refer to the human race.

[18:11]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[18:11]  ⁵ tn On γόμος (gomos) BDAG 205 s.v. states, “load, freight…cargo of a ship…Ac 21:3. W. gen. of the owner Rv 18:11. W. gen. of content…γ. χρυσοῦ a cargo of gold vs. 12.”

[18:7]  ⁷ tn “As much as” is the translation of ὅσα (Josa).

[18:7]  ⁸ tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”

[18:7]  ⁹ tn Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.

[16:21]  ¹⁰ tn Here BDAG 988 s.v. ταλαντιαῖος states, “weighing a talent…χάλαζα μεγάλη ὡς ταλαντιαία a severe hailstorm with hailstones weighing a talent (the talent=125 librae, or Roman pounds of c. 343 gr. or 12 ounces each) (weighing about a hundred pounds NRSV) Rv 16:21.” This means each hailstone would weigh just under 100 pounds or 40 kilograms.

[16:21]  ¹¹ tn Or “the sky.” Due to the apocalyptic nature of this book, it is probably best to leave the translation as “from heaven,” since God is ultimately the source of the judgment.

[16:21]  ¹² tn Grk “on men,” but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in a generic sense to refer to people in general (the hailstones did not single out adult males, but would have also fallen on women and children).

[16:21]  ¹³ tn Grk “the men”; for stylistic reasons the pronoun “they” is used here.

[16:21]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “the plague of it.”

[16:21]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “since the plague of it was exceedingly great.”

[3:16]  ¹³ tn Or “I intend.”

[3:16]  ¹⁴ tn This is the literal meaning of the Greek verb ἐμέω (emew). It is usually translated with a much weaker term like “spit out” due to the unpleasant connotations of the English verb “vomit,” as noted by L&N 23.44. The situation confronting the Laodicean church is a dire one, however, and such a term is necessary if the modern reader is to understand the gravity of the situation.

[4:11]  ¹⁶ tc The past tense of “they existed” (ἦσαν, hsan) and the order of the expression “they existed and were created” seems backwards both logically and chronologically. The text as it stands is the more difficult reading and seems to have given rise to codex A omitting the final “they were created,” 2329 replacing “they existed” (ἦσαν) with “have come into being” (ἐγένοντο, egeneto), and 046 adding οὐκ (ouk, “not”) before ἦσαν (“they did not exist, [but were created]”). Several mss (1854 2050 Ï^A sa) also attempt to alleviate the problem by replacing ἦσαν with “they are” (εἰσιν, eisin).

[3:10]  ¹⁹ tn Or “obey.” For the translation of τηρέω (threw) as “obey” see L&N 36.19. In the Greek there is a wordplay: “because you have kept my word…I will keep you,” though the meaning of τηρέω is different each time.

[3:10]  ²⁰ tn The Greek term λόγον (logon) is understood here in the sense of admonition or encouragement.

[3:10]  ²¹ tn Or “to persevere.” Here ὑπομονῆς (Jupomonhs) has been translated as a genitive of reference/respect related to τὸν λόγον (ton logon).

[13:8]  ²² tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:8]  ²³ tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.

[13:8]  ²⁴ tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

[14:15]  ²⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[14:15]  ²⁶ tn Grk “Send out.”

[14:15]  ²⁷ tn The aorist θέρισον (qerison) has been translated ingressively.

[17:8]  ²⁸ tn On this term BDAG 2 s.v. ἄβυσσος 2 states, “netherworld, abyss, esp. the abode of the dead Ro 10:7 (Ps 106:26) and of demons Lk 8:31; dungeon where the devil is kept Rv 20:3; abode of the θηρίον, the Antichrist 11:7; 17:8; of ᾿Αβαδδών (q.v.), the angel of the underworld 9:11…φρέαρ τῆς ἀ. 9:1f; capable of being sealed 9:1; 20:1, 3.”

[17:8]  ²⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[17:8]  ³⁰ tn Some translations take the ὅτι (Joti) here as causal: “because he was, and is not, but is to come” (so NIV, NRSV), but it is much more likely that the subject of the ὅτι clause has been assimilated into the main clause: “when they see the beast, that he was…” = “when they see that the beast was” (so BDAG 732 s.v. ὅτι 1.f, where Rev 17:8 is listed).