Revelation 6:8

6:8 So ¹  I looked ²  and here came ³  a pale green ⁴  horse! The ⁵  name of the one who rode it ⁶  was Death, and Hades followed right behind. ⁷  They ⁸  were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill its population with the sword, ⁹  famine, and disease, ¹⁰  and by the wild animals of the earth.

Revelation 7:9

7:9 After these things I looked, and here was ¹¹  an enormous crowd that no one could count, made up of persons from every nation, tribe, ¹²  people, and language, standing before the throne and before the Lamb dressed in long white robes, and with palm branches in their hands.

Revelation 18:7

18:7 As much as ¹³  she exalted herself and lived in sensual luxury, ¹⁴  to this extent give her torment and grief because she said to herself, ¹⁵  ‘I rule as queen and am no widow; I will never experience grief!’

[6:8]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the summons by the fourth creature.

[6:8]  ² tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to have come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) in 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:8]  ³ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:8]  ⁴ tn A sickly pallor, when referring to persons, or the green color of plants. BDAG 1085 s.v. χλωρός 2 states, “pale, greenish gray…as the color of a pers. in sickness contrasted with appearance in health…so the horse ridden by Death…ἵππος χλωρός Rv 6:8.” Because the color of the horse is symbolic, “pale green” is used in the translation. Cf. NIV, NCV “pale”; NASB “ashen.”

[6:8]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:8]  ⁶ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:8]  ⁷ tn Grk “And Hades was following with him.” The Greek expression μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ (met’ autou, “with him”) is Semitic and indicates close proximity. The translation “followed right behind” reflects this.

[6:8]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[6:8]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:8]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “with death.” θάνατος (qanatos) can in particular contexts refer to a manner of death, specifically a contagious disease (see BDAG 443 s.v. 3; L&N 23.158).

[7:9]  ¹¹ tn The phrase “and here was” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[7:9]  ¹² tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated before each of the following categories, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[18:7]  ²¹ tn “As much as” is the translation of ὅσα (Josa).

[18:7]  ²² tn On the term ἐστρηνίασεν (estrhniasen) BDAG 949 s.v. στρηνιάω states, “live in luxury, live sensually Rv 18:7. W. πορνεύειν vs. 9.”

[18:7]  ²³ tn Grk “said in her heart,” an idiom for saying something to oneself.