Romans 1:5

1:5 Through him ¹  we have received grace and our apostleship ²  to bring about the obedience ³  of faith ⁴  among all the Gentiles on behalf of his name.

Romans 2:26

2:26 Therefore if the uncircumcised man obeys ⁵  the righteous requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?

Romans 3:20

3:20 For no one is declared righteous before him ⁶  by the works of the law, ⁷  for through the law comes ⁸  the knowledge of sin.

Romans 6:3

6:3 Or do you not know that as many as were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?

Romans 6:5

6:5 For if we have become united with him in the likeness of his death, we will certainly also be united in the likeness of his resurrection. ⁹ 

Romans 6:12

6:12 Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body so that you obey its desires,

Romans 9:23

9:23 And what if he is willing to make known the wealth of his glory on the objects ¹⁰  of mercy that he has prepared beforehand for glory –

Romans 15:21

15:21 but as it is written: “Those who were not told about him will see, and those who have not heard will understand.” ¹¹ 

Romans 16:15

16:15 Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the believers ¹²  who are with them.

[1:5]  ¹ tn Grk “through whom.”

[1:5]  ² tn Some interpreters understand the phrase “grace and apostleship” as a hendiadys, translating “grace [i.e., gift] of apostleship.” The pronoun “our” is supplied in the translation to clarify the sense of the statement.

[1:5]  ³ tn Grk “and apostleship for obedience.”

[1:5]  ⁴ tn The phrase ὑπακοὴν πίστεως has been variously understood as (1) an objective genitive (a reference to the Christian faith, “obedience to [the] faith”); (2) a subjective genitive (“the obedience faith produces [or requires]”); (3) an attributive genitive (“believing obedience”); or (4) as a genitive of apposition (“obedience, [namely] faith”) in which “faith” further defines “obedience.” These options are discussed by C. E. B. Cranfield, Romans (ICC), 1:66. Others take the phrase as deliberately ambiguous; see D. B. Garlington, “The Obedience of Faith in the Letter to the Romans: Part I: The Meaning of ὑπακοὴ πίστεως (Rom 1:5; 16:26),” WTJ 52 (1990): 201-24.

[2:26]  ⁵ tn The Greek word φυλάσσω (fulassw, traditionally translated “keep”) in this context connotes preservation of and devotion to an object as well as obedience.

[3:20]  ⁹ sn An allusion to Ps 143:2.

[3:20]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “because by the works of the law no flesh is justified before him.” Some recent scholars have understood the phrase ἒργα νόμου (erga nomou, “works of the law”) to refer not to obedience to the Mosaic law generally, but specifically to portions of the law that pertain to things like circumcision and dietary laws which set the Jewish people apart from the other nations (e.g., J. D. G. Dunn, Romans [WBC], 1:155). Other interpreters, like C. E. B. Cranfield (“‘The Works of the Law’ in the Epistle to the Romans,” JSNT 43 [1991]: 89-101) reject this narrow interpretation for a number of reasons, among which the most important are: (1) The second half of v. 20, “for through the law comes the knowledge of sin,” is hard to explain if the phrase “works of the law” is understood in a restricted sense; (2) the plural phrase “works of the law” would have to be understood in a different sense from the singular phrase “the work of the law” in 2:15; (3) similar phrases involving the law in Romans (2:13, 14; 2:25, 26, 27; 7:25; 8:4; and 13:8) which are naturally related to the phrase “works of the law” cannot be taken to refer to circumcision (in fact, in 2:25 circumcision is explicitly contrasted with keeping the law). Those interpreters who reject the “narrow” interpretation of “works of the law” understand the phrase to refer to obedience to the Mosaic law in general.

[3:20]  ¹¹ tn Grk “is.”

[6:5]  ¹³ tn Grk “we will certainly also of his resurrection.”

[9:23]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “vessels.” This is the same Greek word used in v. 21.

[15:21]  ²¹ sn A quotation from Isa 52:15.

[16:15]  ²⁵ tn Grk “saints.”