Zechariah 11:9

11:9 I then said, “I will not shepherd you. What is to die, let it die, and what is to be eradicated, let it be eradicated. As for those who survive, let them eat each other’s flesh!”

Isaiah 9:21

9:21 Manasseh fought against ¹  Ephraim,

and Ephraim against Manasseh;

together they fought against Judah.

Despite all this, his anger does not subside,

and his hand is ready to strike again. ² 

Isaiah 11:13

11:13 Ephraim’s jealousy will end, ³ 

and Judah’s hostility ⁴  will be eliminated.

Ephraim will no longer be jealous of Judah,

and Judah will no longer be hostile toward Ephraim.

Ezekiel 37:16-20

37:16 “As for you, son of man, take one branch, and write on it, ‘For Judah, and for the Israelites associated with him.’ Then take another branch and write on it, ‘For Joseph, the branch of Ephraim and all the house of Israel associated with him.’ 37:17 Join ⁵  them as one stick; ⁶  they will be as one in your hand. 37:18 When your people ⁷  say to you, ‘Will you not tell us what these things mean?’ 37:19 tell them, ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: Look, I am about to take the branch of Joseph which is in the hand of Ephraim and the tribes of Israel associated with him, and I will place them on the stick of Judah, ⁸  and make them into one stick – they will be one in my hand.’ ⁹  37:20 The sticks you write on will be in your hand in front of them.

Matthew 24:10

24:10 Then many will be led into sin, ¹⁰  and they will betray one another and hate one another.

Acts 23:7-10

23:7 When he said this, ¹¹  an argument ¹²  began ¹³  between the Pharisees and the Sadducees, and the assembly was divided. 23:8 (For the Sadducees say there is no resurrection, or angel, or spirit, but the Pharisees acknowledge them all.) ¹⁴  23:9 There was a great commotion, ¹⁵  and some experts in the law ¹⁶  from the party of the Pharisees stood up ¹⁷  and protested strongly, ¹⁸  “We find nothing wrong ¹⁹  with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?” 23:10 When the argument became ²⁰  so great the commanding officer ²¹  feared that they would tear Paul to pieces, ²²  he ordered the detachment ²³  to go down, take him away from them by force, ²⁴  and bring him into the barracks. ²⁵ 

Galatians 5:15

5:15 However, if you continually bite and devour one another, ²⁶  beware that you are not consumed ²⁷  by one another.

James 3:14

3:14 But if you have bitter jealousy and selfishness in your hearts, do not boast and tell lies against the truth.

James 3:16

3:16 For where there is jealousy and selfishness, there is disorder and every evil practice.

James 4:1-3

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ²⁸  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ²⁹  from your passions that battle inside you? ³⁰  4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask; 4:3 you ask and do not receive because you ask wrongly, so you can spend it on your passions.

[9:21]  ¹ tn The words “fought against” are supplied in the translation both here and later in this verse for stylistic reasons.

[9:21]  ² tn Heb “in all this his anger is not turned, and still his hand is outstretched” (KJV and ASV both similar); NIV “his hand is still upraised.”

[11:13]  ³ tn Heb “turn aside”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “depart.”

[11:13]  ⁴ tn Heb “hostile ones of Judah.” Elsewhere when the substantival participle of צָרָר (tsarar) takes a pronominal suffix or appears in a construct relationship, the following genitive is objective. (For a list of texts see BDB 865 s.v. III צָרַר) In this case the phrase “hostile ones of Judah” means “those who are hostile toward Judah,” i.e., Judah’s enemies. However, the parallel couplet that follows suggests that Judah’s hostility toward Ephraim is in view. In this case “hostile ones of Judah” means “hostile ones from Judah.” The translation above assumes the latter, giving the immediate context priority over general usage.

[37:17]  ⁵ tn Heb “bring near.”

[37:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “one to one for you for one stick.”

[37:18]  ⁷ tn Heb “the sons of your people.”

[37:19]  ⁸ tn Heb “I will place them on it, that is, on the stick of Judah.”

[37:19]  ⁹ sn The reunification of Israel and Judah is envisioned as well in Ezek 33:23, 29; Jer 3:18; 23:5-6; Hos 1:11; Amos 9:11.

[24:10]  ¹⁰ tn Or “many will fall away.” This could also refer to apostasy.

[23:7]  ¹¹ tn The participle εἰπόντος (eiponto") has been translated temporally.

[23:7]  ¹² tn Or “a dispute” (BDAG 940 s.v. στάσις 3).

[23:7]  ¹³ tn Grk “there came about an argument.” This has been simplified to “an argument began”

[23:8]  ¹⁴ tn BDAG 55 s.v. ἀμφότεροι 2 has “all, even when more than two are involved…Φαρισαῖοι ὁμολογοῦσιν τὰ ἀ. believe in them all 23:8.” On this belief see Josephus, J. W. 2.8.14 (2.163); Ant. 18.1.3 (18.14).

[23:9]  ¹⁵ tn Or “clamor” (cf. BDAG 565 s.v. κραυγή 1.a, which has “there arose a loud outcry” here, and Exod 12:30).

[23:9]  ¹⁶ tn Or “and some scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 4:5.

[23:9]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “standing up.” The participle ἀναστάντες (anastante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[23:9]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “protested strongly, saying.” L&N 39.27 has “διαμάχομαι: to fight or contend with, involving severity and thoroughness – ‘to protest strongly, to contend with.’…‘some scribes from the party of the Pharisees protested strongly’ Ac 23:9.” The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant and has not been translated.

[23:9]  ¹⁹ sn “We find nothing wrong with this man.” Here is another declaration of innocence. These leaders recognized the possibility that Paul might have the right to make his claim.

[23:10]  ²⁰ tn This genitive absolute construction with the participle γινομένης (ginomenhs) has been taken temporally (it could also be translated as causal).

[23:10]  ²¹ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). In Greek the term χιλίαρχος (ciliarco") literally described the “commander of a thousand,” but it was used as the standard translation for the Latin tribunus militum or tribunus militare, the military tribune who commanded a cohort of 600 men.

[23:10]  ²² tn Grk “that Paul would be torn to pieces by them.” BDAG 236 s.v. διασπάω has “of an angry mob μὴ διασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν that Paul would be torn in pieces by them Ac 23:10.” The passive construction is somewhat awkward in English and has been converted to an equivalent active construction in the translation.

[23:10]  ²³ tn Normally this term means “army,” but according to BDAG 947 s.v. στράτευμα, “Of a smaller detachment of soldiers, sing. Ac 23:10, 27.” In the plural it can be translated “troops,” but it is singular here.

[23:10]  ²⁴ tn Or “to go down, grab him out of their midst.”

[23:10]  ²⁵ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

[5:15]  ²⁶ tn That is, “if you are harming and exploiting one another.” Paul’s metaphors are retained in most modern translations, but it is possible to see the meanings of δάκνω and κατεσθίω (daknw and katesqiw, L&N 20.26 and 88.145) as figurative extensions of the literal meanings of these terms and to translate them accordingly. The present tenses here are translated as customary presents (“continually…”).

[5:15]  ²⁷ tn Or “destroyed.”

[4:1]  ²⁸ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ²⁹ tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ³⁰ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”