Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Exodus 1:14

NETBible	They made their lives bitter¹ by² hard service with mortar and bricks and by all kinds of service³ in the fields. Every kind of service the Israelites were required to give was rigorous.⁴
NIV © biblegateway Exo 1:14	They made their lives bitter with hard labour in brick and mortar and with all kinds of work in the fields; in all their hard labour the Egyptians used them ruthlessly.
NASB © biblegateway Exo 1:14	and they made their lives bitter with hard labor in mortar and bricks and at all kinds of labor in the field, all their labors which they rigorously imposed on them.
NLT © biblegateway Exo 1:14	They were ruthless with the Israelites, forcing them to make bricks and mortar and to work long hours in the fields.
MSG © biblegateway Exo 1:14	They made them miserable with hard labor--making bricks and mortar and back-breaking work in the fields. They piled on the work, crushing them under the cruel workload.
BBE © SABDAweb Exo 1:14	And made their lives bitter with hard work, making building-material and bricks, and doing all sorts of work in the fields under the hardest conditions.
NRSV © bibleoremus Exo 1:14	and made their lives bitter with hard service in mortar and brick and in every kind of field labor. They were ruthless in all the tasks that they imposed on them.
NKJV © biblegateway Exo 1:14	And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage––in mortar, in brick, and in all manner of service in the field. All their service in which they made them serve was with rigor.
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KJV	And they made <04843> (0) their lives <02416> bitter <04843> (8762) with hard <07186> bondage <05656>_, in morter <02563>_, and in brick <03843>_, and in all manner of service <05656> in the field <07704>_: all their service <05656>_, wherein they made them serve <05647> (8804)_, [was] with rigour <06531>_.
NASB © biblegateway Exo 1:14	and they made <04843> their lives <02425> bitter <04843> with hard <07186> labor <05656> in mortar <02563> and bricks <03843> and at all <03605> kinds of labor <05656> in the field <07704> , all <03605> their labors <05656> which <0834> they rigorously <06531> imposed <05647> on them.
LXXM	kai <2532> CONJ katwdunwn {V-IAI-3P} autwn <846> D-GPM thn <3588> T-ASF zwhn <2222> N-ASF en <1722> PREP toiv <3588> T-DPN ergoiv <2041> N-DPN toiv <3588> T-DPN sklhroiv <4642> A-DPN tw <3588> T-DSM phlw <4081> N-DSM kai <2532> CONJ th <3588> T-DSF plinyeia {N-DSF} kai <2532> CONJ pasi <3956> A-DPN toiv <3588> T-DPN ergoiv <2041> N-DPN toiv <3588> T-DPN en <1722> PREP toiv <3588> T-DPN pedioiv {N-DPN} kata <2596> PREP panta <3956> A-APN ta <3588> T-APN erga <2041> N-APN wn <3739> R-GPN katedoulounto <2615> V-IMI-3P autouv <846> D-APM meta <3326> PREP biav <970> N-GSF
NET [draft] ITL	They made <04843> their lives <02416> bitter <04843> by hard <07186> service <05656> with mortar <02563> and bricks <03843> and by all <03605> kinds of service <05656> in the fields <07704> . Every <03605> kind of service <05656> the Israelites were required to give <05647> was rigorous <06531> .
HEBREW	Krpb <06531> Mhb <0> wdbe <05647> rsa <0834> Mtdbe <05656> lk <03605> ta <0853> hdvb <07704> hdbe <05656> lkbw <03605> Mynblbw <03843> rmxb <02563> hsq <07186> hdbeb <05656> Mhyyx <02416> ta <0853> wrrmyw (1:14) <04843>

NETBible

They made their lives bitter¹ by² hard service with mortar and bricks and by all kinds of service³ in the fields. Every kind of service the Israelites were required to give was rigorous.⁴

NET Notes

¹sn The verb מָרַר (marar) anticipates the introduction of the theme of bitterness in the instructions for the Passover.

²tn The preposition bet (ב) in this verse has the instrumental use: “by means of” (see GKC 380 §119.o).

³tn Heb “and in all service.”

⁴tn The line could be more literally translated, “All their service in which they served them [was] with rigor.” This takes the referent of בָּהֶם (bahem) to be the Egyptians. The pronoun may also resume the reference to the kinds of service and so not be needed in English: “All their service in which they served [was] with rigor.”