Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft

Proverbs 30:31

NETBible	a strutting rooster,¹ a male goat, and a king with his army around him.²
NIV © biblegateway Pro 30:31	a strutting cock, a he-goat, and a king with his army around him.
NASB © biblegateway Pro 30:31	The strutting rooster, the male goat also, And a king when his army is with him.
NLT © biblegateway Pro 30:31	the strutting rooster, the male goat, a king as he leads his army.
MSG © biblegateway Pro 30:31	a rooster, proud and strutting; a billy goat; a head of state in stately procession.
BBE © SABDAweb Pro 30:31	The war-horse, and the he-goat, and the king when his army is with him.
NRSV © bibleoremus Pro 30:31	the strutting rooster, the he-goat, and a king striding before his people.
NKJV © biblegateway Pro 30:31	A greyhound, A male goat also, And a king whose troops are with him.
[+] More English


KJV	A greyhound <04975> <02223>_; an he goat <08495> also <0176>_; and a king <04428>_, against whom [there is] no rising up <0510>_. {greyhound: or, horse: Heb. girt in the loins}
NASB © biblegateway Pro 30:31	The strutting <02223> <4975> rooster <04975> , the male <08495> goat <08495> also <0176> , And a king <04428> when his army <0510> is with him.
LXXM	kai <2532> CONJ alektwr <220> N-NSM emperipatwn <1704> V-PAPNS yhleiaiv <2338> A-DPF euqucov {A-NSM} kai <2532> CONJ tragov <5131> N-NSM hgoumenov <2233> V-PMPNS aipoliou {N-GSN} kai <2532> CONJ basileuv <935> N-NSM dhmhgorwn <1215> V-PAPNS en <1722> PREP eynei <1484> N-DSN
NET [draft] ITL	a strutting rooster <04975> <02223> , a male goat <08495> , and a king <04428> with <05973> his army <0510> around him.
HEBREW	wme <05973> Mwqla <0510> Klmw <04428> syt <08495> wa <0176> Myntm <04975> ryzrz (30:31) <02223>

NETBible

a strutting rooster,¹ a male goat, and a king with his army around him.²

NET Notes

¹tn The Hebrew term זַרְזִיר (zarzir) means “girt”; it occurs only here with “loins” in the Bible: “that which is girt in the loins” (BDB 267 s.v.). Some have interpreted this to be the “greyhound” because it is narrow in the flanks (J. H. Greenstone, Proverbs, 327); so KJV, ASV. Others have suggested the warhorse, zebra, raven, or starling. Tg. Prov 30:31 has it as the large fighting cock that struts around among the hens. There is no clear referent that is convincing, although most modern English versions use “strutting rooster” or something similar (cf. CEV “proud roosters”).

²tc This last line has inspired many suggestions. The MT has “with his army around him” (אַלְקוּם עִמּוֹ, ’alqum ’immo); so NIV. This has been emended to read “against whom there is no rising up” (so KJV, ASV) or “standing over his people.” The LXX has “a king haranguing his people.” Tg. Prov 30:31 has, “a king who stands up before his people and addresses them.” Some have attempted to identify this with Alcimus, the high priest who aspired to kingship (1 Macc 7:5-22), but such a suggestion is quite remote. Another interpretation sees the word for “God” in the line: “a king with whom God is.” Furthermore, C. H. Toy thinks the text is corrupt and must have at one time referred to some majestic animal (Proverbs [ICC], 537). While all these suggestions are fascinating, they have not improved or corrected the Hebrew text. At least one can say the focus is on the stately appearance of the king at some auspicious moment. The word occurs only here; but if it is interpreted with its Arabic cognate in mind, then it refers to a band of soldiers (BDB 39 s.v. אַלְקוּם).