Advanced Commentary

(ex.: John 3:14-18)

Table of Contents Bible Dictionary
Arts
Questions
Resources/Books

Context
4:1 King <04428> Solomon <08010> ruled <04428> over <05921> all <03605> Israel <03478>. 4:2 These <0428> were his officials <08269>: Azariah <05838> son <01121> of Zadok <06659> was the priest <03548>. 4:3 Elihoreph <0456> and Ahijah <0281>, the sons <01121> of Shisha <07894>, wrote down what happened. Jehoshaphat <03092> son <01121> of Ahilud <0286> was in charge of the records. 4:4 Benaiah <01141> son <01121> of Jehoiada <03077> was commander of the army <06635>. Zadok <06659> and Abiathar <054> were priests <03548>. 4:5 Azariah <05838> son <01121> of Nathan <05416> was supervisor <05921> of the district <05324> governors. Zabud <02071> son <01121> of Nathan <05416> was a priest <03548> and adviser <07463> to the king <04428>. 4:6 Ahishar <0301> was supervisor of <05921> the palace <01004>. Adoniram <0141> son <01121> of Abda <05653> was supervisor of <05921> the work crews <04522>. 4:7 Solomon <08010> had twelve <06240> <08147> district governors <05324> appointed <05921> throughout <03605> Israel <03478> who acquired supplies <03557> for the king <04428> and his palace <01004>. Each <0259> was <01961> responsible <03557> for one month <02320> in <05921> the year <08141>. 4:8 These <0428> were their names <08034>: Ben-Hur <01133> was in charge of the hill country <02022> of Ephraim <0669>. 4:9 Ben-Deker <01128> was in charge of Makaz <04739>, Shaalbim <08169>, Beth Shemesh <01053>, and Elon Beth Hanan <0358>. 4:10 Ben-Hesed <01136> was in charge of Arubboth <0700>; he controlled Socoh <07755> and all <03605> the territory <0776> of Hepher <02660>. 4:11 Ben-Abinadab <01125> was in charge of Naphath Dor <01756>. (He was <01961> married <0802> to Solomon’s <08010> daughter <01323> Taphath <02955>.) 4:12 Baana <01195> son <01121> of Ahilud <0286> was in charge of Taanach <08590> and Megiddo <04023>, as well as all <03605> of Beth Shan <01052> next to <0681> Zarethan <06891> below <08478> Jezreel <03157>, from Beth Shan <01052> to <05704> Abel Meholah <065> and on past Jokmeam <03361>. 4:13 Ben-Geber <01127> was in charge of Ramoth <07433> Gilead <01568>; he controlled the tent villages <02333> of Jair <02971> son <01121> of Manasseh <04519> in Gilead <01568>, as well as the region <02256> of Argob <0709> in Bashan <01316>, including sixty <08346> large <01419> walled <02346> cities <05892> with bronze <05178> bars <01280> locking their gates.

• 1Ki 4:1-19 -- Solomon's Royal Court and Administrators

• Solomon

  [ebd] peaceful, (Heb. Shelomoh), David's second son by Bathsheba, i.e., the first after their legal marriage (2 Sam. 12). He was probably born about B.C. 1035 (1 Chr. 22:5; 29:1). He succeeded his father on the throne in early man...
  [isbe] SOLOMON - sol'-o-mun (shelomoh; New Testament Solomon): I. EARLY LIFE 1. Name and Meaning 2. Sources 3. Birth and Upbringing 4. His Accession 5. Closing Days of David II. REIGN OF SOLOMON 1. His Vision 2. His Policy 3. Its R...
  [nave] SOLOMON Son of David by Bathsheba, 2 Sam. 12:24; 1 Kin. 1:13, 17, 21. Named Jedidiah, by Nathan the prophet, 2 Sam. 12:24, 25. Ancestor of Joseph, Matt. 1:6. Succeeds David to the throne of Israel, 1 Kin. 1:11-48; 2:12; 1...
  

• Ramoth-gilead

  [isbe] RAMOTH-GILEAD - ra'-moth-gil'-e-ad (ramoth gil'adh; Codex Vaticanus Rhemmath Galadd; Codex Alexandrinus Rhammoth, and other forms): A great and strong city East of the Jordan in the territory of Gad, which played an importan...
  [nave] RAMOTH-GILEAD Called also Ramah, 2 Kin. 8:29; 2 Chr. 22:6. A city of Gad, and a city of refuge, Deut. 4:43; Josh. 20:8; 1 Chr. 6:80. One of Solomon's commissaries at, 1 Kin. 4:13. In the possession of the Syrians, 1 Kin. ...
  

• King

  [ebd] is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued seventy kings (Judg. 1:...
  [nave] KING Called King of kings, Ezra 7:12; Ezek. 26:7; Dan. 2:37. Divinely authorized, Deut. 17:15; 1 Sam. 9:16, 17; 16:12; 1 Chr. 22:10; 2 Chr. 2:11, 12; Prov. 8:15; Dan. 2:21, 37; 4:17; 5:20; Hos. 8:4; 13:11. How chosen: By d...
  

• HORSE

  [isbe] HORSE - hors: 1. Names: The common names are (1) cuc, and (2) hippos. (3) The word parash, "horseman," occurs often, and in several cases is translated "horse" or "warhorse" (Isa 28:28; Ezek 27:14; Joel 2:4 the Revised Versi...
  

• Micah, Book of

  [ebd] the sixth in order of the so-called minor prophets. The superscription to this book states that the prophet exercised his office in the reigns of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. If we reckon from the beginning of Jotham's reign ...
  

• Officer

  [nave] OFFICER. Civil Chosen by the people, Deut. 1:13-16; appointed by kings, 2 Sam. 8:16-18; 20:23-26; 1 Kin. 4:1-19; 9:22; Ezra 7:25. See: Government; Judge; Ruler; Serjeant. Ecclesiastical See: Priest; Levite; Apostle; Eld...
  

• GENEALOGY, 1-7

  [isbe] GENEALOGY, 1-7 - je-na-al'-o-ji, jen-a-al'-o-ji: 1. Definition 2. Biblical References 3. Importance of Genealogies 4. Their Historical Value 5. Principles of Interpretation 6. Principles of Compilation 7. Sources 8. Principa...
  

• DEER

  [isbe] DEER - der ('ayyal, feminine 'ayyalah, and 'ayyeleth (compare Arabic, 'ayyal and 'iyal, "deer" and 'ayil, "ram," and Latin caper and capra, "goat," caprea, capreolus, "wild goat," "chamois," or "roe deer"); yachmur (compare ...
  

• Tax

  [nave] TAX Poll, Ex. 30:11-16; 38:26; Neh. 10:32; Luke 2:1. Jesus pays, Matt. 17:24-27. Land, Gen. 41:34, 48; 2 Kin. 23:35. Land mortgaged for, Neh. 5:3, 4. Priests exempted from, Gen. 47:26; Ezra 7:24. Paid in grain, Amos 5:1...
  

• Commissary

  [nave] COMMISSARY For armies, cattle driven with, 2 Kin. 3:9. See: Armies. For royal households, 1 Kin. 4:7-19, 27, 28.
  

• Quarter Master

  [nave] QUARTER MASTER, for Solomon, 1 Kin. 4:7-19, 27.
  

• Canaan

  [nave] CANAAN 1. Son of Ham, Gen. 9:18, 22, 25-27. Descendants of, Gen. 10:6, 15; 1 Chr. 1:8, 13. 2. Land of (The history of this region is involved in that of the Israelites. The student is therefore referred to Israel, History ...
  

• TAX; TAXING

  [isbe] TAX; TAXING - taks, taks'-ing: I. INTRODUCTION 1. General Considerations 2. Limits of the Discussion II. TAXES IN ISRAEL UNDER SELF-GOVERNMENT 1. In the Earliest Period 2. Under the Theocracy; in the Period of the Judges 3. ...
  

• PALESTINE, 2

  [isbe] PALESTINE, 2 - III. Palestine in the Historic Books of the Old Testament. 1. Book of Joshua: Joshua is the great geographical book of the Old Testament; and the large majority of the 600 names of places, rivers and mountains...
  

• Rulers

  [nave] RULERS Appointed and removed by God. See: Government, God in. Chastised, Dan. 4. See: Nation. Monarchical, See: Kings. Patriarchal, Gen. 27:29, 37. Instances of Nimrod, Gen. 10:8-10. Abraham, Gen. 14:13-24; 17:6; 21:2...
  

• Cabinet

  [nave] CABINET, heads of departments in government. David's, 2 Sam. 8:15-18; 15:12; 20:23-26; 1 Chr. 27:32-34; Solomon's, 1 Kin. 4:1-7; Hezekiah's, Isa. 36:3; Artaxerxes', Ezra 7:14. See: Counselor; Minister, Prime.
  

• Azariah

  [ebd] whom Jehovah helps. (1.) Son of Ethan, of the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 2:8). (2.) Son of Ahimaaz, who succeeded his grandfather Zadok as high priest (1 Chr. 6:9; 1 Kings 4:2) in the days of Solomon. He officiated at the consec...
  [isbe] AZARIAH - az-a-ri'-a `azaryahu and `azaryah, "Yahweh has helped"): (1) King of Judah. See UZZIAH. (2) A Judahite of the house of Ethan the Wise (1 Ch 2:8). (3) The son of Jehu, descended from an Egyptian through the daughter...
  [smith] (whom the Lord helps) a common name in Hebrew, and especially in the families of the priests of the line of Eleazar, whose name has precisely the same meaning as Azariah. It is nearly identical, and is often confounded, with ...
  [nave] AZARIAH 1. Son of Ethan, 1 Chr. 2:8. 2. Son of Jehu, 1 Chr. 2:38, 39. 3. Son of Zadok, 1 Kin. 4:2; perhaps identical with No. 6, below. 4. Captain of Solomon's guards, 1 Kin. 4:5. 5. A prophet, called Oded, 2 Chr. 15:1; ...
  

• Ahilud

  [isbe] AHILUD - a-hi'-lud ('achiludh, "child's brother," perhaps): The father of Jehoshaphat, who is mentioned as "recorder" in both the earlier and the later lists under David, and in the list under Solomon (2 Sam 8:16 and 1 Ch 18...
  [smith] (a brother of one born, i.e. before him). Father of Jehoshaphat, the recorder or chronicler of the kingdom in the reigns of David and Solomon. (2 Samuel 8:16; 20:24; 1 Kings 4:3; 1 Chronicles 18:15) (B.C. before 101...
  [nave] AHILUD, father of Baana, 1 Kin. 4:12; and of Jehoshaphat, 2 Sam. 8:16; 20:24; 1 Kin. 4:3; 1 Chr. 18:15.
  

• Hur

  [isbe] HUR - hur (chur): (1) A prominent official in Israel. With Aaron he held up Moses' hands during the battle against the Amalekites (Ex 17:10,12) and assisted him as judicial head of the people during Moses' stay in the mount ...
  [nave] HUR 1. An Israelite who assisted in supporting Moses's hands during battle, Ex. 17:10, 12; 24:14. 2. A son of Caleb, Ex. 31:2; 35:30; 38:22; 1 Chr. 2:19, 20; 2 Chr. 1:5. 3. A king of Midian, Num. 31:8; Josh. 13:21. 4. Cal...
  

• Abiathar

  [ebd] father of abundance, or my father excels, the son of Ahimelech the high priest. He was the tenth high priest, and the fourth in descent from Eli. When his father was slain with the priests of Nob, he escaped, and bearing wit...
  [isbe] ABIATHAR - a-bi'-a-thar, ab-i-a'-thar ('ebhyathar, "father of super-excellence," or, "the super-excellent one is father." With changed phraseology these are the explanations commonly given, though "a father remains" would be...
  [nave] ABIATHAR 1. High priest. Called Ahimelech in 2 Sam. 8:17; 1 Chr. 24:3, 6, 31, and Abimelech, 1 Chr. 18:16. Son of Ahimelech, 1 Sam. 22:20. Escapes to David from the vengeance of Saul, who killed the priests in the city of ...
  

Back to Commentary Page