Advanced Commentary

(ex.: John 3:14-18)

Table of Contents Bible Dictionary
Arts
Questions
Resources/Books

Context
3:1 In the eighteenth <06240> <08083> year <08141> of King <04428> Jehoshaphat’s <03092> reign over Judah <03063>, Ahab’s <0256> son <01121> Jehoram <03088> became king <04427> over <05921> Israel <03478> in Samaria <08111>; he ruled <04427> for twelve <06240> <08147> years <08141>. 3:2 He did <06213> evil <07451> in the sight <05869> of the Lord <03068>, but <07535> not <03808> to the same degree as his father <01> and mother <0517>. He did remove <05493> the sacred pillar <04676> of Baal <01168> that <0834> his father <01> had made <06213>. 3:3 Yet <07535> he persisted <01692> in the sins <02403> of Jeroboam <03379> son <01121> of Nebat <05028>, who <0834> encouraged <02398> Israel <03478> to sin <02398>; he did not <03808> turn <05493> from <04480> them. 3:4 Now King <04428> Mesha <04338> of Moab <04124> was <01961> a sheep breeder <05349>. He would send as tribute <07725> to the king <04428> of Israel <03478> 100,000 <0505> <03967> male lambs <03733> and the wool <06785> of 100,000 <0505> <03967> rams <0352>. 3:5 When <01961> Ahab <0256> died <04194>, the king <04428> of Moab <04124> rebelled <06586> against the king <04428> of Israel <03478>. 3:6 At that <01931> time <03117> King <04428> Jehoram <03088> left <03318> Samaria <08111> and assembled <06485> all <03605> Israel <03478> for war. 3:7 He sent <07971> this message to <0413> King <04428> Jehoshaphat <03092> of Judah <03063>: “The king <04428> of Moab <04124> has rebelled against <06586> me. Will you fight <04421> with <0854> me against <0413> Moab <04124>?” Jehoshaphat replied <0559>, “I will join <05927> you in the campaign; my army <05971> and horses <05483> are at your disposal.” 3:8 He then asked <0559>, “Which <0335> invasion route <01870> are we going to take <05927>?” Jehoram answered <0559>, “By the road <01870> through the Desert <04057> of Edom <0123>.” 3:9 So <01980> the kings <04428> of Israel <03478>, Judah <03063>, and Edom <0123> set out together. They wandered around <05437> on the road <01870> for seven <07651> days <03117> and finally ran out <01961> <03808> of water <04325> for the men <04264> and animals <0929> they had with them. 3:10 The king <04428> of Israel <03478> said <0559>, “Oh <0162> no! Certainly <03588> the Lord <03069> has summoned <07121> these <0428> three <07969> kings <04428> so that he can hand <03027> <05414> them over <03027> <05414> to the king of Moab <04124>!”

• 2Ki 3:1-27 -- Moab Fights with Israel

• Jehoshaphat

  [ebd] Jehovah-judged. (1.) One of David's body-guard (1 Chr. 11:43). (2.) One of the priests who accompanied the removal of the ark to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 15:24). (3.) Son of Ahilud, "recorder" or annalist under David and Solomon (2...
  [smith] (whom Jehovah judges.) King of Judah, son of Asa, succeeded to the throne B.C. 914, when he was 35 years old, and reigned 25 years. His history is to be found among the events recorded in (1 Kings 15:24; 2 Kings 8:16) ...
  [nave] JEHOSHAPHAT 1. David's recorder, 2 Sam. 8:16; 20:24; 1 Kin. 4:3; 1 Chr. 18:15. 2. One of Solomon's commissariat officers, 1 Kin. 4:17. 3. King of Judah. Succeeds Asa, 1 Kin. 15:24; 22:41; 1 Chr. 3:10; 2 Chr. 17:1; Matt. 1:...
  

• ELISHA

  [ebd] God his salvation, the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah, who became the attendant and disciple of Elijah (1 Kings 19:16-19). His name first occurs in the command given to Elijah to anoint him as his successor (1 Kings 19:16). ...
  [isbe] ELISHA - e-li'-sha 'elisha`, "God is salvalion"; Septuagint Eleisaie; New Testament Elisaios, Eliseus, (Lk 4:27 the King James Version)): I. HIS CALL AND PREPARATION 1. His Call 2. His Preparation 3. The Parting Gift of Elij...
  [smith] (God his salvation), son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah; the attendant and disciple of Elijan, and subsequently his successor as prophet of the kingdom of Israel. The earliest mention of his name is in the command to Elijah in th...
  

• Mesha

  [ebd] middle district, Vulgate, Messa. (1.) A plain in that part of the boundaries of Arabia inhabited by the descendants of Joktan (Gen. 10:30). (2.) Heb. meysh'a, "deliverance," the eldest son of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:42), and brother...
  [isbe] MESHA - me'-sha: (1) (mesha`; Codex Vaticanus, Marisa; Codex Alexandrinus, Marisas): Caleb's firstborn son, the father of Ziph, probably the ancestor of the Ziphites (1 Ch 2:42). (2) (mesha'; Codex Vaticanus, Misa; Codex Ale...
  [smith] (freedom). The name of one of the geographical limits of the Joktanites when they first settled in Arabia. (Genesis 10:30) The king of Moab who was tributary to Ahab, (2 Kings 3:4) but when Ahab fell at Ramoth-gilead, Mes...
  [nave] MESHA 1. King of Moab. Tributary to Ahab, 2 Kin. 3:4, 5. 2. Son of Caleb, 1 Chr. 2:42. 3. A place in possession of the sons of Joktan, Gen. 10:30. 4. A Benjamite, 1 Chr. 8:9.
  

• JEHORAM

  [ebd] Jehovah-exalted. (1.) Son of Toi, king of Hamath, sent by his father to congratulate David on the occasion of his victory over Hadadezer (2 Sam. 8:10). (2.) A Levite of the family of Gershom (1 Chr. 26:25). (3.) A priest sen...
  [smith] (whom Jehovah has exalted). Son of Ahab king of Israel, who succeeded his brother Ahaziah B.C. 896, and died B.C. 884. The alliance between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, commenced by his father and Jehoshaphat, was very ...
  

• Zoar

  [ebd] small, a town on the east or south-east of the Dead Sea, to which Lot and his daughters fled from Sodom (Gen. 19:22, 23). It was originally called Bela (14:2, 8). It is referred to by the prophets Isaiah (15:5) and Jeremiah ...
  

• Armies

  [nave] ARMIES Who of the Israelites were subject to service in, Num. 1:2, 3; 26:2; 2 Chr. 25:5; who were exempt from service in, Num. 1:47-50; 2:33; Deut. 20:5-9; Judg. 7:3. Enumeration of Israel's military forces, Num. 1:2, 3; 26...
  

• DEAD SEA, THE

  [isbe] DEAD SEA, THE - || I. PRESENT AREA II. FORMER ENLARGEMENT III. LEVEL OF THE DEAD SEA IN EARLY HISTORIC TIMES IV. CONSTITUTION OF THE WATER V. CLIMATE VI. ROADS VII. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS 1. The Plain of the Jordan 2. Ain Jidi ...
  

• Israel

  [nave] ISRAEL 1. A name given to Jacob, Gen. 32:24-32; 2 Kin. 17:34; Hos. 12:3, 4. 2. A name of the Christ in prophecy, Isa. 49:3. 3. A name given to the descendants of Jacob, a nation. Called also Israelites, and Hebrews, Gen. 4...
  

• Colour

  [ebd] The subject of colours holds an important place in the Scriptures. White occurs as the translation of various Hebrew words. It is applied to milk (Gen. 49:12), manna (Ex. 16:31), snow (Isa. 1:18), horses (Zech. 1:8), raiment...
  

• MOABITE STONE

  [ebd] a basalt stone, bearing an inscription by King Mesha, which was discovered at Dibon by Klein, a German missionary at Jerusalem, in 1868. It was 3 1/2 feet high and 2 in breadth and in thickness, rounded at the top. It consis...
  [isbe] MOABITE STONE - A monument erected at Dibon (Dhiban) by Mesha, king of Moab (2 Ki 3:4,5), to commemorate his successful revolt from Israel and his conquest of Israelite territory. It was discovered, August 19, 1868, by a Ger...
  

• Moabites

  [nave] MOABITES Descendants of Lot through his son Moab, Gen. 19:37. Called the people of Chemosh, Num. 21:29. The territory E. of Jordan, bounded on the N. by the river Arnon, Num. 21:13; Judg. 11:18. Children of Israel command...
  

• ISRAEL, KINGDOM OF

  [isbe] ISRAEL, KINGDOM OF - || I. THE FIRST PERIOD 1. The Two Kingdoms 2. The Ist Dynasty 3. The IInd Dynasty 4. Civil War II. PERIOD OF THE SYRIAN WARS 1. The IIIrd Dynasty 2. World-Politics 3. Battle of Karkar 4. Loss of Territor...
  [smith] I. the kingdom. --The prophet Ahijah of Shiloh, who was commissioned in the latter days of Solomon to announce the division of the kingdom, left one tribe (Judah) to the house of David, and assigned ten to Jeroboam. (1 Kin...
  

• CHEMOSH

  [ebd] the destroyer, subduer, or fish-god, the god of the Moabites (Num. 21:29; Jer. 48:7, 13, 46). The worship of this god, "the abomination of Moab," was introduced at Jerusalem by Solomon (1 Kings 11:7), but was abolished by Jo...
  [isbe] CHEMOSH - ke'-mosh (kemosh; Chamos): 1. Moabites, the People of Chemosh 2. Solomon and Chemosh Worship 3. Josiah Putting Down Chemosh Worship 4. Chemosh and Ammonites 5. Moabite Stone 6. Mesha's Inscription and the Old Testa...
  

• Sheep

  [isbe] SHEEP - shep: 1. Names: The usual Hebrew word is tso'n, which is often translated "flock," e.g. "Abel .... brought of the firstlings of his flock" (Gen 4:4); "butter of the herd, and milk of the flock" (Dt 32:14). The King J...
  [smith] Sheep were an important part of the possessions of the ancient Hebrews and of eastern nations generally. The first mention of sheep occurs in (Genesis 4:2) They were used in the sacrificial offering,as, both the adult animal,...
  [nave] SHEEP Offered in sacrifice, by Abel, Gen. 4:4; by Noah, Gen. 8:20; by Abraham, Gen. 22:13. See: Offerings. Required in the Mosaic offerings, See: Offerings. The land of Bashan adapted to the raising of, Deut. 32:14; Bozra...
  

• JEHORAM; JORAM

  [isbe] JEHORAM; JORAM - je-ho'-ram, written also in the abbreviated form, (yehoram, yoram, "Yahweh is high"; the Revised Version (British and American) retains "Joram" for Hebrew yehoram in 2 Ki 9:15-24): (1) Ninth king of Israel (...
  

• Ahaziah

  [ebd] held by Jehovah. (1.) The son and successor of Ahab. He followed the counsels of his mother Jezebel, and imitated in wickedness the ways of his father. In his reign the Moabites revolted from under his authority (2 Kings 3:5...
  

• JEHOSHAPHAT (2)

  [isbe] JEHOSHAPHAT (2) - je-hosh'-a-fat (yehoshaphaT, "Yahweh judges"): The 4th king of Judah, son of Asa. His mother was Azubah, the daughter of Shilhi, of whom nothing further is known. He was 35 years of age at his accession, an...
  

• Jezebel

  [isbe] JEZEBEL - jez'-e-bel 'izebhel, "unexalted," "unhusbanded" (?); Iezabel; see BDB; 1 Ki 16:31; 18:4,13,19; 19:1,2; 21:5 ff; 2 Ki 9:7 ff,30 ff; Rev 2:20): Daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Zidonians, i.e. Phoenicians, and queen ...
  [nave] JEZEBEL Daughter of Ethbaal, a Sidonian, and wife of Ahab, 1 Kin. 16:31. Was an idolater and persecuted the prophets of God, 1 Kin. 18:4, 13, 19; 2 Kin. 3:2, 13; 9:7, 22. Vowed to kill Elijah, 1 Kin. 19:1-3. Wickedly acc...
  

• JEHU

  [isbe] JEHU - je'-hu (yehu; meaning uncertain, perhaps "Yahweh is he"; 1 Ki 19:16,17; 2 Ki 9; 10; Eiou): Son of Jehoshaphat, and descendant of Nimshi, hence, commonly called "the son of Nimshi"; 10th king of Israel, and founder of ...
  

• WOOL

  [isbe] WOOL - wool (tsemer; erion): Wool and flax were the fibers most used by the ancient weavers. Wool was used principally for the outside garments (Lev 13:48 ff; Prov 31:13; Ezek 34:3; Hos 2:5,9). Syrian wool is found on the wo...
  [smith] was an article of the highest value among the Jews, as the staple material for the manufacture of clothing. (Leviticus 13:47; 22:11; Job 31:20; Proverbs 31:13; Ezekiel 34:3; Hosea 2:5) The importance of wool is incidentally s...
  

• Moab Revolts

  

• Who Were the Moabites?
  They were the descendants of Lot and were neighbors of the Amorites on the opposite side of the River Arnon (Num. 21:13). They were governed by kings and possessed many great cities (Num. 21:28-30; Is. 15:1; Num. 23:7). They ...

Back to Commentary Page