Advanced Commentary

(ex.: John 3:14-18)

Table of Contents Bible Dictionary
Arts
Questions
Resources/Books

Context
8:14 He left <01980> Elisha <0477> and went <0935> to his master <0113>. Ben Hadad asked <0559> him, “What <04100> did Elisha <0477> tell <0559> you?” Hazael replied <0559>, “He told <0559> me you would surely <02421> recover <02421>.” 8:15 The next day <04283> Hazael took <03947> a piece of cloth <04346>, dipped <02881> it in water <04325>, and spread <06566> it over <05921> Ben Hadad’s face <06440> until he died <04191>. Then Hazael <02371> replaced <08478> him as king <04427>. 8:16 In the fifth <02568> year <08141> of the reign <04428> of Israel’s <03478> King <04428> Joram <03141>, son <01121> of Ahab <0256>, Jehoshaphat’s <03092> son <01121> Jehoram <03088> became king over <04427> Judah <03063>. 8:17 He was thirty-two <08147> <07970> years <08141> old <01121> when he became king <04427> <01961> and he reigned <04427> for eight <08083> years <08141> in Jerusalem <03389>. 8:18 He followed <01980> in the footsteps <01870> of the kings <04428> of Israel <03478>, just as <0834> Ahab’s <0256> dynasty <01004> had done <06213>, for <03588> he married <0802> <01961> Ahab’s <0256> daughter <01323>. He did <06213> evil <07451> in the sight <05869> of the Lord <03068>. 8:19 But the Lord <03068> was unwilling <014> <03808> to destroy <07843> Judah <03063>. He preserved Judah <03063> for the sake <04616> of his servant <05650> David <01732> to whom <0834> he had promised <0559> a perpetual <03117> <03605> dynasty <05216>. 8:20 During <03117> his reign Edom <0123> freed <06586> themselves from <08478> Judah’s <03063> control <03027> and set up <04427> their own king <04428>. 8:21 Joram <03141> crossed over <05674> to Zair <06811> with <05973> all <03605> his chariots <07393>. The Edomites <0123>, who <01931> had surrounded <05437> him, attacked <06965> at night <03915> and defeated <05221> him and his chariot <07393> officers <08269>. The Israelite army <05971> retreated <05127> to their homeland <0168>. 8:22 So Edom <0123> has remained free <06586> from <08478> Judah’s <03063> control <03027> to <05704> this very day <03117>. At that same time <06256> Libnah <03841> also <06586> rebelled. 8:23 The rest <03499> of the events <01697> of Joram’s <03141> reign, including <0834> a record <03605> of his accomplishments <06213>, are recorded <03789> in <05921> the scroll <05612> called the Annals <03117> <01697> of the Kings <04428> of Judah <03063>. 8:24 Joram <03141> passed away <01> <05973> <07901> and was buried <06912> with <05973> his ancestors <01> in the city <05892> of David <01732>. His son <01121> Ahaziah <0274> replaced <08478> him as king <04427>. 8:25 In the twelfth <06240> year <08141> <08141> of the reign <04427> of Israel’s <03478> King <04428> Joram <03141>, son <01121> of Ahab <0256>, Jehoram’s <03088> son <01121> Ahaziah <0274> became king <04428> over Judah <03063>. 8:26 Ahaziah <0274> was twenty-two <08147> <06242> years <08141> old <01121> when he became king <04427> and he reigned <04427> for one <0259> year <08141> in Jerusalem <03389>. His mother <0517> was <08034> Athaliah <06271>, the granddaughter <01323> of King <04428> Omri <06018> of Israel <03478>. 8:27 He followed <01980> in the footsteps <01870> of Ahab’s <0256> dynasty <01004> and did <06213> evil <07451> in the sight <05869> of the Lord <03068>, like Ahab’s <0256> dynasty <01004>, for <03588> he <01931> was related <02860> to Ahab’s <0256> family <01004>. 8:28 He joined <0854> <01980> Ahab’s <0256> son <01121> Joram <03141> in a battle <04421> against <05973> King <04428> Hazael <02371> of Syria <0758> at Ramoth <07433> Gilead <01568> in which the Syrians <0761> defeated <05221> Joram <03141>. 8:29 King <04428> Joram <03141> returned <07725> to Jezreel <03157> to recover <07495> from <04480> the wounds <04347> he received <05221> from the Syrians <0761> in Ramah <07414> when he fought <03898> against <0854> King <04428> Hazael <02371> of Syria <0758>. King <04428> Ahaziah <0274> son <01121> of Jehoram <03088> of Judah <03063> went down <03381> to visit <07200> Joram <03141> son <01121> of Ahab <0256> in Jezreel <03157>, for <03588> he <01931> was ill <02470>.

• 2Ki 8:16-24 -- Jehoram's Reign over Judah
• 2Ki 8:25-29 -- Ahaziah Takes the Throne of Judah

• Hazael

  [ebd] whom God beholds, an officer of Ben-hadad II., king of Syria, who ultimately came to the throne, according to the word of the Lord to Elijah (1 Kings 19:15), after he had put the king to death (2 Kings 8:15). His interview w...
  [isbe] HAZAEL - ha-za'-el, ha'-za-el, haz'-a-el (chaza'-el and chazah'-el; Hazael; Assyrian haza'ilu): 1. In Biblical History: Comes first into Biblical history as a high officer in the service of Ben-hadad II, king of Syria (2 Ki ...
  [smith] (whom God sees), a king of Damascus who reigned from about B.C. 886 to B.C. 840. He appears to have been previously a person in a high position at the court of Ben-hadad, and was sent by his master to Elisha to inquire if he ...
  [nave] HAZAEL, king of Syria. Anointed king by Elijah, 1 Kin. 19:15. Conquests by, 2 Kin. 8:28, 29; 9:14; 10:32, 33; 12:17, 18; 13:3, 22; 2 Chr. 22:5, 6. Conspires against, murders, and succeeds to the throne of Ben-hadad, 2 Kin. ...
  

• Joram

  [ebd] =Jeho'ram. (1.) One of the kings of Israel (2 Kings 8:16, 25, 28). He was the son of Ahab. (2.) Jehoram, the son and successor of Jehoshaphat on the throne of Judah (2 Kings 8:24).
  [isbe] JORAM - jo'-ram (yoram, "Yahweh is exalted"; compare JEHORAM): (1) Son of Toi (or Tou, according to Septuagint, Codex Vaticanus, and 1 Ch 18:9,10), sent by his father to greet David (2 Sam 8:10) = "Hadoram" (1 Ch 18:9,10) a ...
  [smith] (whom Jehovah has exalted). Son of Ahab king of Israel. (2 Kings 8:16,25,28,29; 9:14,17,21-23,29) [JEHORAM, 1] Son of Jehosphaphat; king of Judah. (2 Kings 8:21,23,24; 1 Chronicles 3:11; 2 Chronicles 22:5,7; Matt...
  [nave] JORAM 1. A son of Toi, 2 Sam. 8:9, 10. Called Hadoram, 1 Chr. 18:10. 2. Called also Jehoram. King of Israel, 2 Kin. 1:17; 3:1. King of Syria sends Naaman to, that he may be healed of his leprosy, 2 Kin. 5:1-27. Has war w...
  

• Jehoram

  [ebd] Jehovah-exalted. (1.) Son of Toi, king of Hamath, sent by his father to congratulate David on the occasion of his victory over Hadadezer (2 Sam. 8:10). (2.) A Levite of the family of Gershom (1 Chr. 26:25). (3.) A priest sen...
  [smith] (whom Jehovah has exalted). Son of Ahab king of Israel, who succeeded his brother Ahaziah B.C. 896, and died B.C. 884. The alliance between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, commenced by his father and Jehoshaphat, was very ...
  [nave] JEHORAM 1. King of Judah, 1 Kin. 22:50; 2 Kin. 8:16; 1 Chr. 3:11; 2 Chr. 21:5. Ancestor of Jesus, Matt. 1:8. Marries Athaliah, whose wicked counsels influence his reign for evil, 2 Kin. 8:18, 19; 2 Chr. 21:6-13. Slays his...
  

• Ahaziah

  [ebd] held by Jehovah. (1.) The son and successor of Ahab. He followed the counsels of his mother Jezebel, and imitated in wickedness the ways of his father. In his reign the Moabites revolted from under his authority (2 Kings 3:5...
  [isbe] AHAZIAH - a-ha-zi'-a ('achazyah and 'achazyahu, "Yah holds, or sustains"): I. Ahaziah. Son of Ahab and Jezebel, eighth king of Israel (1 Ki 22:51 through 2 Ki 1:18). 1. His Reign: Ahaziah became king over Israel in the seven...
  [smith] (sustained by the Lord). Son of Ahab and Jezebel eighth king of Israel, reigned B.C. 896-895. After the battle of Ramoth in Gilead, in which Ahab perished [AHAB], the vassal king of Moab refused his yearly tribute; comp. (Is...
  [nave] AHAZIAH 1. King of Judah. Called Azariah and Jehoahaz, 2 Chr. 21:17; 25:23. History of, 2 Kin. 8:25-29; 9:16-29. Gifts of, to the temple, 2 Kin. 12:18. Brethren of, slain, 2 Kin. 10:13, 14. Succeeded by Athaliah, 2 Chr. ...
  

• KINGS, BOOKS OF

  [isbe] KINGS, BOOKS OF - || I. TITLE II. SCOPE III. CHARACTER OF BOOKS AND POSITION IN THE HEBREW CANON 1. Purpose 2. Character of Data IV. HISTORICAL VALUE 1. Treatment of Historical Data 2. Chronology 3. Value of Assyrian Records...
  

• Israel

  [nave] ISRAEL 1. A name given to Jacob, Gen. 32:24-32; 2 Kin. 17:34; Hos. 12:3, 4. 2. A name of the Christ in prophecy, Isa. 49:3. 3. A name given to the descendants of Jacob, a nation. Called also Israelites, and Hebrews, Gen. 4...
  

• JEHORAM; JORAM

  [isbe] JEHORAM; JORAM - je-ho'-ram, written also in the abbreviated form, (yehoram, yoram, "Yahweh is high"; the Revised Version (British and American) retains "Joram" for Hebrew yehoram in 2 Ki 9:15-24): (1) Ninth king of Israel (...
  

• Elisha

  [ebd] God his salvation, the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah, who became the attendant and disciple of Elijah (1 Kings 19:16-19). His name first occurs in the command given to Elijah to anoint him as his successor (1 Kings 19:16). ...
  [isbe] ELISHA - e-li'-sha 'elisha`, "God is salvalion"; Septuagint Eleisaie; New Testament Elisaios, Eliseus, (Lk 4:27 the King James Version)): I. HIS CALL AND PREPARATION 1. His Call 2. His Preparation 3. The Parting Gift of Elij...
  [smith] (God his salvation), son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah; the attendant and disciple of Elijan, and subsequently his successor as prophet of the kingdom of Israel. The earliest mention of his name is in the command to Elijah in th...
  [nave] ELISHA, successor to the prophet Elijah. Elijah instructed to anoint, 1 Kin. 19:16. Called by Elijah, 1 Kin. 19:19. Ministers to Elijah, 1 Kin. 19:21. Witnesses Elijah's translation, receives a double portion of his spirit...
  

• Athaliah

  [ebd] whom God afflicts. (1.) The daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, and the wife of Jehoram, king of Judah (2 Kings 8:18), who "walked in the ways of the house of Ahab" (2 Chr. 21:6), called "daughter" of Omri (2 Kings 8:26). On the d...
  [isbe] ATHALIAH - ath-a-li'-a (`athalyah; meaning uncertain, perhaps, "whom Yahweh has afflicted"; 2 Ki 8:26; 11; 2 Ch 22; 23): 1. Relationship: (1) Daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, grand-daughter of Omri, 6th king of Israel. In her c...
  [nave] ATHALIAH 1. Wife of Jehoram, king of Judah, 2 Kin. 8:18, 26; 11:1-3, 12-16, 20; 2 Chr. 22:10-12; 23:12-15, 21. 2. Son of Jehoram, 1 Chr. 8:26. 3. Father of Jeshaiah, Ezra 8:7.
  

• Influence

  [nave] INFLUENCE. Evil 1 Kin. 11:3, 4; 1 Kin. 15:25, 26; 1 Kin. 21:25; 1 Kin. 22:51-53; 2 Kin. 8:16-18, 25-27; 2 Kin. 17:21, 22; 2 Kin. 21:9; 2 Chr. 21:5, 6; 2 Chr. 22:3-5; 2 Chr. 33:9; Prov. 22:24, 25; Prov. 29:12; Jer. 17:1, 2;...
  

• ELIJAH

  [ebd] whose God is Jehovah. (1.) "The Tishbite," the "Elias" of the New Testament, is suddenly introduced to our notice in 1 Kings 17:1 as delivering a message from the Lord to Ahab. There is mention made of a town called Thisbe, ...
  [isbe] ELIJAH - e-li'-ja ('eliyahu or (4 times) 'eliyah, "Yah is God"; Septuagint Eleiou, New Testament Eleias or Elias, the King James Version of New Testament Elias): I. THE WORKS OF ELIJAH 1. The Judgment of Drought 2. The Ordea...
  

• Zair

  [ebd] little, a place probably east of the Dead Sea, where Joram discomfited the host of Edom who had revolted from him (2 Kings 8:21).
  [isbe] ZAIR - za'-ir (tsa`ir; Zeior): When he invaded Edom, we are told that Joram passed over to Zair and all his chariots with him (2 Ki 8:21). In the parallel passage (2 Ch 21:9), "with his captains" (`im sarayw) takes the place...
  [smith] (small), a place named in (2 Kings 8:21) only, in the account of Joram?s expedition against the Edomites. It has been conjectured that Zair is identical with Zoar.
  [nave] ZAIR, a city in Edom, 2 Kin. 8:21.
  

• Ramoth-gilead

  [ebd] heights of Gilead, a city of refuge on the east of Jordan; called "Ramoth in Gilead" (Deut. 4:43; Josh. 20:8; 21:38). Here Ahab, who joined Jehoshaphat in an endeavour to rescue it from the hands of the king of Syria, was mo...
  [isbe] RAMOTH-GILEAD - ra'-moth-gil'-e-ad (ramoth gil'adh; Codex Vaticanus Rhemmath Galadd; Codex Alexandrinus Rhammoth, and other forms): A great and strong city East of the Jordan in the territory of Gad, which played an importan...
  [nave] RAMOTH-GILEAD Called also Ramah, 2 Kin. 8:29; 2 Chr. 22:6. A city of Gad, and a city of refuge, Deut. 4:43; Josh. 20:8; 1 Chr. 6:80. One of Solomon's commissaries at, 1 Kin. 4:13. In the possession of the Syrians, 1 Kin. ...
  

• Ben-hadad

  [ebd] the standing title of the Syrian kings, meaning "the son of Hadad." (See HADADEZER.) (1.) The king of Syria whom Asa, king of Judah, employed to invade Israel (1 Kings 15:18). (2.) Son of the preceding, also king of Syria. H...
  [nave] BEN-HADAD 1. King of Syria, 1 Kin. 15:18-20; 2 Chr. 16:2-4. 2. A king of Syria, who reigned in the time of Ahab, son of Ben-hadad I, 1 Kin. 20; 2 Kin. 5; 6; 7; 8:7-15. 3. Son of Hazael and king of Syria, 2 Kin. 13:3, 24, 2...
  

• JEHU

  [ebd] Jehovah is he. (1.) The son of Obed, and father of Azariah (1 Chr. 2:38). (2.) One of the Benjamite slingers that joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3). (3.) The son of Hanani, a prophet of Judah (1 Kings 16:1, 7; 2 Chr. 19:2...
  [isbe] JEHU - je'-hu (yehu; meaning uncertain, perhaps "Yahweh is he"; 1 Ki 19:16,17; 2 Ki 9; 10; Eiou): Son of Jehoshaphat, and descendant of Nimshi, hence, commonly called "the son of Nimshi"; 10th king of Israel, and founder of ...
  

• BENHADAD

  [isbe] BENHADAD - ben-ha'-dad (ben-hadhadh; Septuagint huios Hader): The Name I. BENHADAD I 1. The Kingdom of Syria Founded 2. Syria and Judah 3. Shortsightedness of Asa II. BENHADAD II 1. Hadad-'idri of the Monuments 2. Expedition...
  [smith] (son of Hadad), the name of three kings of Damascus. BENHADAD I., King of Damascus, which in his time was supreme in Syria. He made an alliance with Asa, and conquered a great part of the north of Israel. (1 Kings 15:18) H...
  

• Edomites

  [nave] EDOMITES, called also Edom. Descendants of Esau, Gen. 36. Kings of, Gen. 36:31-39; Num. 20:14; 1 Chr. 1:43-50; Ezek. 32:29; Amos 2:1. Dukes of, Gen. 36:9-43; Ex. 15:15; 1 Chr. 1:51-54. Land of, Gen. 32:3; Deut. 2:4, 5, 12....
  

• OBADIAH, BOOK OF

  [isbe] OBADIAH, BOOK OF - Obadiah is the shortest book in the Old Testament. The theme of the book is the destruction of Edom. Consequent upon the overthrow of Edom is the enlargement of the borders of Judah and the establishment o...
  

• MOAB; MOABITES

  [isbe] MOAB; MOABITES - mo'-ab, mo'-ab-its (Moab, mo'abh, Moabite Stone, M-'-B; Greek (Septuagint) Moab, he Moabeitis, Moabitis; Moabite, mo'abhi; Moabites, bene mo'abh): 1. The Land: Moab was the district East of the Dead Sea, ext...
  

• Friendship

  [nave] FRIENDSHIP. Deut. 13:6-9; Job 6:14, 15; Job 16:2, 20; Job 19:13-22; Psa. 35:13, 14; Psa. 41:9; Psa. 55:12-14; Psa. 88:8, 18; Prov. 11:13; Prov. 17:9, 17; Prov. 18:24; Prov. 22:24-27; Prov. 25:17, 19; Prov. 27:6, 9, 10, 14, ...
  

• Jehoram's Sin and Punishment

  

• Ahaziah King of Judah

  

• Why did godly men in the OT have more than one wife?
  A number of godly men in the Old Testament had more than one wife, and beyond this, some had concubines (such as Hagar in Genesis 16:1ff.), who did not have the same status as a wife. I think we must acknowledge that God did ...

Back to Commentary Page