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Texts -- Esther 4:2-17 (NET)

Context
4:2 But he went no further than the king’s gate , for no one was permitted to enter the king’s gate clothed in sackcloth . 4:3 Throughout each and every province where the king’s edict and law were announced there was considerable mourning among the Jews , along with fasting , weeping , and sorrow . Sackcloth and ashes were characteristic of many . 4:4 When Esther’s female attendants and her eunuchs came and informed her about Mordecai’s behavior, the queen was overcome with anguish . Although she sent garments for Mordecai to put on so that he could remove his sackcloth , he would not accept them. 4:5 So Esther called for Hathach , one of the king’s eunuchs who had been placed at her service , and instructed him to find out the cause and reason for Mordecai’s behavior. 4:6 So Hathach went to Mordecai at the plaza of the city in front of the king’s gate . 4:7 Then Mordecai related to him everything that had happened to him, even the specific amount of money that Haman had offered to pay to the king’s treasuries for the Jews to be destroyed . 4:8 He also gave him a written copy of the law that had been disseminated in Susa for their destruction so that he could show it to Esther and talk to her about it. He also gave instructions that she should go to the king to implore him and petition him on behalf of her people . 4:9 So Hathach returned and related Mordecai’s instructions to Esther . 4:10 Then Esther replied to Hathach with instructions for Mordecai : 4:11 “All the servants of the king and the people of the king’s provinces know that there is only one law applicable to any man or woman who comes uninvited to the king in the inner court – that person will be put to death , unless the king extends to him the gold scepter , permitting him to be spared . Now I have not been invited to come to the king for some thirty days !” 4:12 When Esther’s reply was conveyed to Mordecai , 4:13 he said to take back this answer to Esther : 4:14 “Don’t imagine that because you are part of the king’s household you will be the one Jew who will escape. If you keep quiet at this time , liberation and protection for the Jews will appear from another source , while you and your father’s household perish . It may very well be that you have achieved royal status for such a time as this !” 4:15 Then Esther sent this reply to Mordecai : 4:16 “Go , assemble all the Jews who are found in Susa and fast in my behalf. Don’t eat and don’t drink for three days , night or day . My female attendants and I will also fast in the same way. Afterward I will go to the king , even though it violates the law . If I perish , I perish !” 4:17 So Mordecai set out to do everything that Esther had instructed him.

Pericope

NET
  • Est 4:1-17 -- Esther Decides to Risk Everything in order to Help Her People

Bible Dictionary

  • TREASURE; TREASURER; TREASURY

    [isbe] TREASURE; TREASURER; TREASURY - trezh'-ur, trezh'-ur-er, trezh'-ur-i (otsar, genaz, genez, ganzakh, chocen matmon, mickenah, mikhman, `athudh, saphan; gaza, thesauros): I. In the Old Testament. 1. Treasure The English word "...

  • Sackcloth

    [ebd] cloth made of black goats' hair, coarse, rough, and thick, used for sacks, and also worn by mourners (Gen. 37:34; 42:25; 2 Sam. 3:31; Esther 4:1, 2; Ps. 30:11, etc.), and as a sign of repentance (Matt. 11:21). It was put upo...

  • SELF-SURRENDER

    [isbe] SELF-SURRENDER - self-su-ren'-der: The struggle between the natural human impulses of selfseeking, self-defence and the like, on the one hand, and the more altruistic impulse toward self-denial, self-surrender, on the other,...

  • SCEPTRE; SCEPTER

    [isbe] SCEPTRE; SCEPTER - sep'-ter (shebheT, sharbhiT, expanded form in Est 4:11; 5:2; 8:4; rhabdos (Additions to Esther 15:11; Heb 1:8), skeptros): A rod or mace used by a sovereign as a symbol of royal authority. The Hebrew shebh...

  • SCEPTRE

    [smith] This word originally meant a rod or staff . It was thence specifically applied to the shepherd?s crook, (Leviticus 27:32; Micah 7:14) and to the wand or sceptre of a ruler. The allusions to it are all of a metaphorical charac...

  • Readings, Select

    [nave] READINGS, SELECT. Judah's Defense Gen. 44:18-34 Joseph Revealing His Identity Gen. 45:1-15 The Deliverance of the Israelites from Pharaoh Ex. 14:5-30 Song of Moses When Pharaoh and His Army Were Overthrown Ex. 15:1-1...

  • Prayer

    [ebd] is converse with God; the intercourse of the soul with God, not in contemplation or meditation, but in direct address to him. Prayer may be oral or mental, occasional or constant, ejaculatory or formal. It is a "beseeching t...

  • Israel

    [nave] ISRAEL 1. A name given to Jacob, Gen. 32:24-32; 2 Kin. 17:34; Hos. 12:3, 4. 2. A name of the Christ in prophecy, Isa. 49:3. 3. A name given to the descendants of Jacob, a nation. Called also Israelites, and Hebrews, Gen. 4...

  • Haman

    [nave] HAMAN Prime minister of Ahasuerus, Esth. 3:1. Plotted against Esther and the Jews, thwarted by Esther and Mordecai, hanged, Esth. 3-9.

  • HATHACH

    [isbe] HATHACH - ha'-thak (hathakh; Septuagint Hachrathaios): One of the chamberlains of Ahasuerus, appointed to attend on Esther (Est 4:5,6,9,10, the King James Version "Hatach"), through whom she learned from Mordecai of Haman's ...

  • HAPPEN

    [isbe] HAPPEN - hap'-'-n (qarah; sumbaino): "Happen" (from "hap"), "to fall out," "befall," etc., "come to anyone," is the translation of qarah, "to meet," etc. (1 Sam 28:10, "There shall no punishment happen to thee," the Revised ...

  • FEASTS AND FASTS

    [isbe] FEASTS AND FASTS - fests (mo`edh, "an appointed day" or "an assembling," chagh, from chaghagh, "to dance" or possibly "to make a pilgrimage"; tsom, "fast," ta`anith, "a day of affliction"): I. PRE-EXILIC A) Annual 1. Passove...

  • FASTS

    [smith] One fast only was appointed by the Mosaic law, that on the day of atonement. There is no mention of any other periodical fast in the Old Testament except in (Zechariah 7:1-7; 8:19) From these passages it appears that the Jew...

  • FAST; FASTING

    [isbe] FAST; FASTING - fast, fast'-ing (tsum; `innah nephesh, "afflict soul or self," i.e. practice self-denial; nesteia, nesteuein): It is necessary to get rid of some modern notions associated with fasting before we can form a co...

  • Esther

    [nave] ESTHER, called also Hadassah. Niece of Mordecai, Esth. 2:7, 15. Chosen queen, Esth. 2:17. Tells the king of the plot against his life, Esth. 2:22. Fasts on account of the decree to destroy the Israelites; accuses Haman to ...

  • EUNUCH

    [isbe] EUNUCH - u'-nuk (caric; spadon; eunouchos): Primarily and literally, a eunuch is an emasculated man (Dt 23:1). The Hebrew word caric seems, however, to have acquired a figurative meaning, which is reflected in English Versio...

  • ESTHER, THE REST OF

    [isbe] ESTHER, THE REST OF - || Introductory 1. Name 2. Contents 3. Original Language 4. Versions 5. Date LITERATURE Introductory. The Book of Esther in the oldest manuscripts of the Septuagint (B,A,N, etc.) contains 107 verses mor...

  • ENLARGE; ENLARGEMENT

    [isbe] ENLARGE; ENLARGEMENT - en-larj', en-larj'-ment: "To enlarge" is very frequently used figuratively: "God enlarge Japheth" (Gen 9:27), i.e. "make him a great nation"; or "Thou hast enlarged my steps under me" (2 Sam 22:37), i....

  • Apparel

    [ebd] In Old Testament times the distinction between male and female attire was not very marked. The statute forbidding men to wear female apparel (Deut. 22:5) referred especially to ornaments and head-dresses. Both men and women ...

  • ATTEND; ATTENDANCE

    [isbe] ATTEND; ATTENDANCE - a-tend'; a-tend'-ans: (1) "To incline," "listen," "regard" qashabh; Ps 17:1 etc.); then, in the King James Version, "observe," but in the Revised Version (British and American), more frequently, "give he...

Arts

Hymns

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  • [Est 4:16] Come, Humble Sinner

Questions

Resources/Books

Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

  • Chapters 43-45 are a unit describing what happened when Joseph's brothers returned to Egypt. Like chapter 42, which it echoes, it consists of seven scenes arranged palistrophically with the central scene being the arrest of J...
  • I. God's preparations 1:1-2:20A. Vashti deposed ch. 11. The king's feast 1:1-92. The queen's dismissal 1:10-22B. Esther elevated 2:1-201. The plan to replace Vashti 2:1-42. Esther's selection 2:5-113. The choice of Esther as ...
  • This chapter records the providential circumstances whereby Esther was able to rise to her influential position with the Persian king."Though no mention is made of God's providence, it nevertheless plays a prominent part, and...
  • We can understand why Mordecai reacted to Haman's decree so strongly (v. 1). Undoubtedly he felt personally responsible for this decree (cf. 3:2-5). However we should not interpret Mordecai's actions in verse 1 as a sign of g...
  • Mordecai's mourning may have been the only thing that disturbed Esther. She may have known nothing about the decree. On the other hand she may have known of both and concluded that since the king did not know that she was a J...
  • The personal relationship that Esther and Mordecai had with Yahweh is a very interesting subject of study. The answer to this puzzle explains why God's name does not appear in the book and what God's purpose was in preserving...
  • 6:16 Fasting in Israel involved going without food to engage in a spiritual exercise, usually prayer, with greater concentration. Fasting fostered and indicated self-humiliation before God, and confession often accompanied it...
  • The theme of discipleship training continues in this section of verses. The 70 disciples that Jesus sent out contrast with the three men Luke just finished presenting (9:57-62). This was a second mission on which Jesus sent a...

Expositions Of Holy Scripture (Maclaren)

  • Again Esther spake unto Hatach, and gave him commandment unto Mordecai: 11. All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inn...
  • For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place; but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art co...
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