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Texts -- Hosea 10:11-15 (NET)

Context
Fertility Imagery: Plowing, Sowing, and Reaping
10:11 Ephraim was a well-trained heifer who loved to thresh grain; I myself put a fine yoke on her neck. I will harness Ephraim. Let Judah plow! Let Jacob break up the unplowed ground for 10:12 Sow righteousness for yourselves, reap unfailing love . Break up the unplowed ground for yourselves, for it is time to seek the Lord , until he comes and showers deliverance on you. 10:13 But you have plowed wickedness ; you have reaped injustice ; you have eaten the fruit of deception . Because you have depended on your chariots ; you have relied on your many warriors .
Bethel Will Be Destroyed Like Beth Arbel
10:14 The roar of battle will rise against your people ; all your fortresses will be devastated , just as Shalman devastated Beth Arbel on the day of battle , when mothers were dashed to the ground with their children . 10:15 So will it happen to you, O Bethel , because of your great wickedness ! When that day dawns , the king of Israel will be destroyed .

Pericope

NET
  • Hos 10:11-13 -- Fertility Imagery: Plowing, Sowing, and Reaping
  • Hos 10:14-15 -- Bethel Will Be Destroyed Like Beth Arbel

Bible Dictionary

  • Israel

    [nave] ISRAEL 1. A name given to Jacob, Gen. 32:24-32; 2 Kin. 17:34; Hos. 12:3, 4. 2. A name of the Christ in prophecy, Isa. 49:3. 3. A name given to the descendants of Jacob, a nation. Called also Israelites, and Hebrews, Gen. 4...

  • Idolatry

    [nave] IDOLATRY. Wicked Practices of Human sacrifices, Lev. 18:21; 20:2-5; Deut. 12:31; 18:10; 2 Kin. 3:26, 27; 16:3; 17:17, 18; 21:6; 23:10; 2 Chr. 28:3; 33:6; Psa. 106:37, 38; Isa. 57:5; Jer. 7:31; 19:4-7; 32:35; Ezek. 16:20, 2...

  • Reaping

    [isbe] REAPING - rep'-ing (qatsar; therizo): Reaping in ancient times, as at present, consisted in either pulling up the grain by the roots or cutting it with a sickle (see SICKLE), and then binding the stalks into bundles to be ca...
    [nave] REAPING, Psa. 129:7. The ark of the Lord returned by the Philistines at the time of, 1 Sam. 6:13. Laws concerning gleaning at the time of, See: Gleaning. Figurative Psa. 126:6; Hos. 10:12, 13.

  • Heifer

    [ebd] Heb. 'eglah, (Deut. 21:4, 6; Jer. 46:20). Untrained to the yoke (Hos. 10:11); giving milk (Isa. 7:21); ploughing (Judg. 14:18); treading out grain (Jer. 50:11); unsubdued to the yoke an emblem of Judah (Isa. 15:5; Jer. 48:34...
    [isbe] HEIFER - hef'-er (parah, in Nu 19(see following article) and Hos 4:16; `eghlah, elsewhere in the Old Testament; damalis, in Heb 9:13):For the "heifer of three years old" in the King James Version, the Revised Version margin ...
    [smith] (1 Samuel 6:7-12; Job 21:10; Isaiah 7:21) The heifer or young cow was not commonly used for ploughing, but only for treading out the corn. (Hosea 10:11) but see Judg 14:18 When it ran about without any headstall, (26:4) he...
    [nave] HEIFER When used as sacrifice, must be without blemish and must not have come under the yoke, Num. 19:2; Deut. 21:3. An atonement for murder, Deut. 21:1-9. The red heifer used for the water of separation, Num. 19; Heb. 9:1...

  • Shalman

    [ebd] an Assyrian king (Hos. 10:14), identified with Shalmaneser II. (Sayce) or IV. (Lenormant), the successor of Pul on the throne of Assyria (B.C. 728). He made war against Hoshea, the king of Israel, whom he subdued and compell...
    [isbe] SHALMAN - shal'-man (shalman): A name of uncertain meaning, found only once in the Old Testament (Hos 10:14), in connection with a place-name, equally obscure, "as Shalman destroyed Betharbel." Shalman is most commonly inter...
    [smith] (fire-worshipper), a contraction for Shalmaneser king of Assyria. (Hosea 10:14) Others think it the name of an obscure Assyrian king, predecessor of Pul.
    [nave] SHALMAN Identified by some authorities with Shalmaneser, Hos. 10:14. Other authorities disagree, and leave his identity uncertain.

  • CALF, GOLDEN

    [isbe] CALF, GOLDEN - kaf, gol'-d'-n: I. THE NAME II. ANCIENT CALF WORSHIP 1. Narrative of Aaron's Golden Calf 2. Jeroboam's Golden Calves III. ATTITUDE OF ELIJAH TO THE BULL SYMBOLS IV. ATTITUDE OF AMOS AND HOSEA TO THE BULL SYMBO...

  • HARROW

    [ebd] (Heb. harits), a tribulum or sharp threshing sledge; a frame armed on the under side with rollers or sharp spikes (2 Sam. 12:31; 1 Chr. 20:3). Heb. verb sadad, to harrow a field, break its clods (Job 39:10; Isa. 28:4; Hos. 1...
    [isbe] HARROW - har'-o (sadhadh): Sadhadh occurs in 3 passages (Job 39:10; Isa 28:24; Hos 10:11). In the first 2 it is translated "harrow," in the last "break the clods." That this was a separate operation from plowing, and that it...
    [smith] The word so rendered, (2 Samuel 12:31; 1 Chronicles 20:3) is probably a threshing-machine. The verb rendered "to harrow," (Job 39:10; Isaiah 28:24; Hosea 10:11) expresses apparently the breaking of the clods, and is so ...

  • Beth-arbel

    [isbe] BETH-ARBEL - beth-ar'-bel (beth 'arbe'l): The scene of a terrific disaster inflicted on the inhabitants by Shalman (Hos 10:14). If the place intended was in Palestine, and was not the famous city of that name on the Euphrate...
    [nave] BETH-ARBEL, a city spoiled by Shalman, Hos. 10:14.

  • Fallow Ground

    [nave] FALLOW GROUND Lev. 25:4, 5; 26:34, 35; Josh. 11:23; 14:15; 2 Chr. 36:21; Isa. 14:7; Jer. 4:3; 50:34; Hos. 10:12

  • BEARBEL

    [smith] (house of God?s court), named only in (Hosea 10:14) as the scene of a sack and massacre by Shalman.

  • Desire

    [nave] DESIRE. Spiritual Psa. 17:1; Psa. 22:26; Psa. 24:6; Psa. 25:5, 15; Psa. 27:8, 14; Psa. 33:20; Psa. 34:10; Psa. 37:4, 7, 9, 34; Psa. 39:12; Psa. 40:1, 8; Psa. 42:1-11; Psa. 51:1-17; Psa. 62:1; Psa. 63:1, 8; Psa. 68:28; Psa....

  • Cow

    [nave] COW Used for draught, 1 Sam. 6:7-12; Hos. 10:11. Milk of, used for food. See: Milk. See: Cattle; Kine. Figurative Amos 4:1.

  • Calf

    [nave] CALF Offered in sacrifice, Mic. 6:6. Golden, made by Aaron, Ex. 32; Deut. 9:16; Neh. 9:18; Psa. 106:19; Acts 7:41. Images of, set up in Beth-el and Dan by Jeroboam, 1 Kin. 12:28-33; 2 Kin. 10:29. Worshiped by Jehu, 2 Kin....

  • OX

    [smith] There was no animal in the rural economy of the Israelites, or indeed in that of the ancient Orientals generally, that was held in higher esteem than the ox and deservedly so, for the ox was the animal upon whose patient labo...

  • Confidence

    [nave] CONFIDENCE. Betrayed Instances of: Joshua, by the Gibeonites, Josh. 9:3-15. Eglon, by Ehud, Judg. 3:15-23. Ahimelech, by David, 1 Sam. 21:1-9. Abner, by Joab, 2 Sam. 3:27. Amasa, by Joab, 2 Sam. 20:9, 10. The worship...

  • Seed

    [nave] SEED Every herb, tree, and grass, yields its own, Gen. 1:11, 12, 29. Each kind has its own body, 1 Cor. 15:38. Not to be mingled in sowing, Lev. 19:19; Deut. 22:9. Parables concerning, Matt. 13; Luke 8. Illustrative, Ecc...

  • Sower

    [nave] SOWER Parable of the, Matt. 13:3-8; Mark 4:3-20; Luke 8:5-8. Sowing, Eccl. 11:4; Isa. 28:25. Figurative Psa. 126:5; Prov. 11:18; Isa. 32:20; Hos. 8:7; 10:12; Gal. 6:7, 8.

  • Symbols and Similitudes

    [nave] SYMBOLS AND SIMILITUDES Trees of life and knowledge, Gen. 2:9, 17; 3:3, 24; Rev. 22:2. Rainbow, Gen. 9:12, 13. Circumcision, of the covenant of Abraham, Gen. 17:11; Rom. 4:11. Passover, of the sparing of the firstborn, an...

  • Threshing

    [nave] THRESHING By beating, Ruth 2:17; by treading, Deut. 25:4; Isa. 25:10; Hos. 10:11; 1 Cor. 9:9; 1 Tim. 5:18. With instruments of wood, 2 Sam. 24:22; of iron, Amos 1:3; with a cart wheel, Isa. 28:27, 28. Floors for, Gen. 50:1...

  • War

    [nave] WAR Divine approval of, 2 Sam. 22:35. Civil, Judg. 12:1-6; 20; 2 Sam. 2:12-31; 3:1; 20; 1 Kin. 14:30; 16:21; Isa. 19:2; forbidden, 2 Chr. 11:4; averted, Josh. 22:11-34. Enemy harangued by general of opposing side, 2 Kin. 1...
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Hymns

(Note: In "active" or "on" condition, the hymns music will be played automatically when mouse hover on a hymns title)
  • [Hos 10:12] Here From The World We Turn
  • [Hos 10:12] Sowing With Song And Prayer

Resources/Books

Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

  • These verses provide the answer to God's question in 3:1. This is the repentance that was necessary for Yahweh to return to His "wife."4:1a The Lord clarified that for His people to return to a blessed condition they must ret...
  • The major biblical doctrines that Hosea stressed were sin, judgment, salvation, and the loyal love of God.Regarding sin, the prophet stressed the idolatry of the Israelites, which he compared to spiritual adultery. Israel had...
  • I. Introduction 1:1II. The first series of messages of judgment and restoration: Hosea's family 1:2-2:1A. Signs of coming judgment 1:2-9B. A promise of restoration 1:10-2:1III. The second series of messages of judgment and re...
  • The Lord brought a legal charge against the Israelites for breaking the Mosaic Covenant. Again the literary form of this section is a legal confrontation (Heb. rib, cf. 2:2). The Lord stated His charges against Israel in 4:1-...
  • This section is one in a series that looks back on Israel's previous history, and its reflective mood colors its prophecies (cf. 10:1-8, 9-15; 11:1-7)."Divine speech and prophetic speech combine in this passage to pronounce u...
  • This section also opens with a reference to an event in Israel's past history (cf. 9:10; 10:1; 11:1). Announcements of war punishment (vv. 9-10, 14-15) bracket Yahweh's indictment of His people for their sins (vv. 11-13)....
  • 10:9 The Israelites had sinned consistently since the days of the atrocity at Gibeah (Judg. 19-20; cf. 9:9; Isa. 1:10). The prophet visualized them as warriors standing at Gibeah. He asked rhetorically if the Lord's battle ag...
  • 10:11 Hosea compared Ephraim to a heifer that enjoyed threshing."Threshing was a comparatively light task, made pleasant by the fact that the creature was unmuzzled and free to eat . . . as it pulled the threshing sledge over...
  • As previously, a series of messages assuring Israel's judgment (6:4-11:7) ends with assurance of future restoration. God would definitely bring devastating judgment on Israel, but His compassion for the nation and His promise...

Expositions Of Holy Scripture (Maclaren)

  • Israel is an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit unto himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he hath increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images, 2. Their heart is divide...
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