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Texts -- John 18:19-40 (NET)

Context
Jesus Questioned by Annas
18:19 While this was happening, the high priest questioned Jesus about his disciples and about his teaching . 18:20 Jesus replied , “I have spoken publicly to the world . I always taught in the synagogues and in the temple courts , where all the Jewish people assemble together . I have said nothing in secret . 18:21 Why do you ask me ? Ask those who heard what I said . They know what I said .” 18:22 When Jesus had said this , one of the high priest’s officers who stood nearby struck him on the face and said , “Is that the way you answer the high priest ?” 18:23 Jesus replied , “If I have said something wrong , confirm what is wrong . But if I spoke correctly , why strike me ?” 18:24 Then Annas sent him , still tied up , to Caiaphas the high priest .
Peter’s Second and Third Denials
18:25 Meanwhile Simon Peter was standing in the courtyard warming himself. They said to him , “You aren’t one of his disciples too, are you ?” Peter denied it : “I am not !” 18:26 One of the high priest’s slaves , a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off , said , “Did I not see you in the orchard with him ?” 18:27 Then Peter denied it again , and immediately a rooster crowed .
Jesus Brought Before Pilate
18:28 Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the Roman governor’s residence . (Now it was very early morning .) They did not go into the governor’s residence so they would not be ceremonially defiled , but could eat the Passover meal . 18:29 So Pilate came outside to them and said , “What accusation do you bring against this man ?” 18:30 They replied , replied , “If this man were not a criminal , criminal , we would not have handed him over to you .” 18:31 Pilate told them , “Take him yourselves and pass judgment on him according to your own law !” The Jewish leaders replied , “We cannot legally put anyone to death .” 18:32 (This happened to fulfill the word Jesus had spoken when he indicated what kind of death he was going to die .)
Pilate Questions Jesus
18:33 So Pilate went back into the governor’s residence , summoned Jesus , and asked him , “Are you the king of the Jews ?” 18:34 Jesus replied , “Are you saying this on your own initiative , or have others told you about me ?” 18:35 Pilate answered , “I am not a Jew , am I? Your own people and your chief priests handed you over to me . What have you done ?” 18:36 Jesus replied , “My kingdom is not from this world . If my kingdom were from this world , my servants would be fighting to keep me from being handed over to the Jewish authorities. But as it is, my kingdom is not from here .” 18:37 Then Pilate said , “So you are a king !” Jesus replied , “You say that I am a king . For this reason I was born , and for this reason I came into the world – to testify to the truth . Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to my voice .” 18:38 Pilate asked , “What is truth ?” When he had said this he went back outside to the Jewish leaders and announced , “I find no basis for an accusation against him. 18:39 But it is your custom that I release one prisoner for you at the Passover . So do you want me to release for you the king of the Jews ?” 18:40 Then they shouted back , “Not this man , but Barabbas !” (Now Barabbas was a revolutionary .)

Pericope

NET

Bible Dictionary

  • JOHN, GOSPEL OF

    [ebd] The genuineness of this Gospel, i.e., the fact that the apostle John was its author, is beyond all reasonable doubt. In recent times, from about 1820, many attempts have been made to impugn its genuineness, but without succe...
    [isbe] JOHN, GOSPEL OF - || I. INTRODUCTORY 1. Scope of Gospel 2. State of Opinion as to Date of Appearance, etc. II. EXTERNAL EVIDENCE fOR THE FOURTH GOSPEL 1. At the End of 2nd Century 2. Irenaeus--Theophilus 3. Middle of 2nd Cen...

  • Jesus, The Christ

    [nave] JESUS, THE CHRIST. Index of Sub-topics History of; Miscellaneous Facts Concerning; Unclassified Scriptures Relating to; Ascension of; Atonement by; Attributes of; Compassion of; Confessing; Creator; Death of; Design of His...

  • Prisoners

    [nave] PRISONERS Joseph, Gen. 39:20-23; 40; 41:1-44. Jeremiah, Jer. 38:6-28; 39:14. John the Baptist, Matt. 11:2; 14:3-12; Mark 6:17; Luke 3:20. Jesus, Matt. 26:47-75; 27; Mark 14:43-72; 15; Luke 22:47-71; 23; John 18:3-40; 19. ...

  • COHORT

    [isbe] COHORT - ko'-hort: In the Revised Version, margin of Mt 27:27; Mk 15:16; Jn 18:3,12; Acts 10:1; 21:31; 27:1, the translation of speira (the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American), "band"); the tent...

  • JESUS CHRIST, 4E2

    [isbe] JESUS CHRIST, 4E2 - II. From the Last Supper till the Cross. 1. The Chronology: A question of admitted difficulty arises in the comparison of the Synoptics and John as to the dates of the Last Supper and of the crucifixion. ...

  • Pilate, Pontius

    [ebd] probably connected with the Roman family of the Pontii, and called "Pilate" from the Latin pileatus, i.e., "wearing the pileus", which was the "cap or badge of a manumitted slave," as indicating that he was a "freedman," or ...
    [nave] PILATE, PONTIUS Roman governor of Judaea, Matt. 27:2; Luke 3:1. Causes slaughter of certain Galileans, Luke 13:1. Tries Jesus and orders his crucifixion, Matt. 27; Mark 15; Luke 23; John 18:28-40; 19; Acts 3:13; 4:27; 13:2...

  • Priest

    [nave] PRIEST. Before Moses Melchizedek, Gen. 14:18; Heb. 5:6, 10, 11; 6:20; 7:1-21. Jethro, Ex. 2:16. Priests in Israel before the giving of the law, Ex. 19:22, 24. Called angel, Eccl. 5:6. Mosaic Ex. 28:1-4; 29:9, 44; Num....

  • PILATE; PONTIUS

    [isbe] PILATE; PONTIUS - pi'-lat, pi'-lat, pon'-shi-us (Pontios Peilatos): 1. Name and Office 2. Pilate's Procuratorship 3. Pilate and Jesus Christ 4. Pilate in Tradition and Legend 5. Character of Pilate LITERATURE 1. Name and Off...

  • JESUS CHRIST, THE ARREST AND TRIAL OF

    [isbe] JESUS CHRIST, THE ARREST AND TRIAL OF - || 1. Jewish and Roman Law 2. Difficulties of the Subject 3. Illustrations of Difficulties I. THE ARREST 1. Preparatory Steps 2. The Arrest in the Garden 3. Taken to the City II. THE J...

  • ANNAS

    [ebd] was high priest A.D. 7-14. In A.D. 25 Caiaphas, who had married the daughter of Annas (John 18:13), was raised to that office, and probably Annas was now made president of the Sanhedrim, or deputy or coadjutor of the high pr...
    [isbe] ANNAS - an'-as (Annas; Westcott and Hort, The New Testament in Greek Hannas; Josephus Ananos, the Greek form of Hebrew chanan; "merciful," "gracious"; compare Neh 8:7, etc.): (1) A high priest of the Jews, the virtual head o...

  • Court

    [nave] COURT. Ecclesiastical 1 Chr. 26:29-32; 2 Chr. 19:8-11; Matt. 18:15-18; John 20:23 See: Church, Rules of Discipline in, Mosaic and Christian. Civil Held at the tabernacle, Num. 27:2; the gates of cities, Deut. 21:19; 22:1...

  • PETER, SIMON

    [isbe] PETER, SIMON - pe'-ter, si'-mon): 1. Name and Early Career 2. First Appearance in Gospel History 3. Life-Story (1) First Period (2) Second Period 4. Character 5. Writings (1) First Epistle (2) Second Epistle 6. Theology (1) ...

  • Praetorium

    [ebd] The Greek word (praitorion) thus rendered in Mark 15:16 is rendered "common hall" (Matt. 27:27, marg., "governor's house"), "judgment hall," (John 18:28, 33, marg., "Pilate's house", 19:9; Acts 23:35), "palace" (Phil. 1:13)....
    [isbe] PRAETORIUM - pre-to'-ri-um praitorion, Mt 27:27 (the King James Version "common hall"); Mk 15:16; Jn 18:28,33; 19:9 (in all margins "palace," and in the last three the King James Version "judgment hall"); Acts 23:35, (Herod'...
    [smith] (in the Revised Version translated palace ,) (Matthew 27:27; John 18:28,33; 19:3) the headquarters of the Roman military governor, wherever he happened to be. In time of peace some one of the best buildings of the city which,...
    [nave] PRAETORIUM, called also Common Hall, Judgment Hall, and Palace, Matt. 27:27; Mark 15:16; John 18:28, 33; 19:9; Acts 23:35; Phil. 1:13.

  • OSTRACA

    [isbe] OSTRACA - os'-tra-ka: The word ostracon ("potsherd," Hebrew cheres) occurs in Job 2:8 (Septuagint), kai elaben ostrakon, "and he took him a potsherd." Earthen vessels were in universal use in antiquity (they are twice mentio...

  • JUDGMENT HALL

    [ebd] Gr. praitorion (John 18:28, 33; 19:9; Matt. 27:27), "common hall." In all these passages the Revised Version renders "palace." In Mark 15:16 the word is rendered "Praetorium" (q.v.), which is a Latin word, meaning literally ...
    [isbe] JUDGMENT HALL - juj'-ment hol (to praitorion, "Then led they Jesus .... unto the hall of judgment .... and they themselves went not into the judgment hall" (Jn 18:28 the King James Version); "Then Pilate entered into the jud...
    [smith] The word praetorium is so translated five times in the Authorized Version of the New Testament, and in those five passages it denotes two different places. In (John 18:28,33; 19:9) it is the residence which Pilate occupied w...

  • Persecution

    [nave] PERSECUTION See also Intolerance; Bigotry. Of Jesus Gen. 3:15; Psa. 2:1-5; Psa. 22:1, 2, 6-8, 11-21; Psa. 69:7-9, 20, 21, 26 vs. 1-21.; Psa. 109:25; Isa. 49:7; Isa. 50:6; Isa. 52:14; Isa. 53:2-5, 7-10; Mic. 5:1; Matt. 2:13...

  • Barabbas

    [ebd] i.e., son of Abba or of a father, a notorious robber whom Pilate proposed to condemn to death instead of Jesus, whom he wished to release, in accordance with the Roman custom (John 18:40; Mark 15:7; Luke 23:19). But the Jews...
    [isbe] BARABBAS - ba-rab'-as (Barabbas): For Aramaic Bar-abba = literally, "son of the father," i.e. of the master or teacher. Abba in the time of Jesus was perhaps a title of honor (Mt 23:9), but became later a proper name. The va...
    [smith] (son of Abba), a robber, (John 18:40) who had committed murder in an insurrection, (Mark 15:7; Luke 28:18) in Jerusalem and was lying in prison the time of the trial of Jesus before Pilate.p
    [nave] BARABBAS, a prisoner released by Pilate, Matt. 27:16-26; Mark 15:7-15; Luke 23:18-25; John 18:40; Acts 3:14.

  • Caiaphas

    [ebd] the Jewish high priest (A.D. 27-36) at the beginning of our Lord's public ministry, in the reign of Tiberius (Luke 3:2), and also at the time of his condemnation and crucifixion (Matt. 26:3,57; John 11:49; 18:13, 14). He hel...
    [isbe] CAIAPHAS - ka'-a-fas, ki'-a-fas (Kaiaphas; Caiaphas = Kephas (compare Dods in Expositor's Greek Test, I, 803), and has also been interpreted as meaning "depression"): Caiaphas was the surname of Joseph, a son-in-law of Annas...
    [nave] CAIAPHAS High priest, Luke 3:2; son-in-law of Aas, John 18:13. Prophesies concerning Jesus, John 11:49-51; 18:14. Jesus tried before, Matt. 26:2, 3, 57, 63-65; John 18:24, 28. Peter and other disciples accused before, Act...

  • Truth

    [isbe] TRUTH - trooth (`emeth, emunah, primary idea of "firmness," "stability" (compare Ex 17:12), hence "constancy," "faithfulness," etc.; the Septuagint's Apocrypha and the New Testament, aletheia (Rom 3:7), pistis (Rom 3:3); in ...
    [nave] TRUTH Saints should worship God in, John 4:24, with Psa. 145:18; serve God in, Josh. 24:14; 1 Sam. 12:24; walk before God in, 1 Kin. 2:4; 2 Kin. 20:3; keep religious feasts with, 1 Cor. 5:8; esteem, as inestimable, Prov. 23:...

  • Passover

    [isbe] PASSOVER - pas'-o-ver (pecach, from pacach, "to pass" or "spring over" or "to spare" (Ex 12:13,23,17; compare Isa 31:5]. Other conjectures connect the word with the "passing over" into a new year, with assyr pasahu, meaning ...
    [nave] PASSOVER Institution of, Ex. 12:3-49; 23:15-18; 34:18; Lev. 23:4-8; Num. 9:2-5, 13, 14; 28:16-25; Deut. 16:1-8, 16; Psa. 81:3, 5. Design of, Ex. 12:21-28. Special passover, for those who were unclean, or on journey, to be ...
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Arts

Hymns

(Note: In "active" or "on" condition, the hymns music will be played automatically when mouse hover on a hymns title)
  • [Joh 18:36] How Vain The Cruel Herod’s Fear
  • [Joh 18:36] When Christ’s Appearing Was Made Known
  • [Joh 18:36] Why, Herod, Unrelenting Foe
  • [Joh 18:36] Why, Impious Herod, Shouldst Thou Fear

Questions

Sermon Illustrations

Trials; Jesus Claimed to be King; The Trials of Jesus; Thieves Closely Involved with the Crucifixion; Purposes of the Incarnation; Jesus Is King; A Kingdom Implies a King; Prayer: Not a Dreamy Reverie

Resources/Books

Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

Expositions Of Holy Scripture (Maclaren)

  • And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple: that disciple was known unto the high priest, and went in with Jesus into the palace of the high priest. But Peter stood at the door without. Then went out that oth...
  • Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover. Pilate then went out unto...
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