1 Chronicles 19
1 David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun, the son of Nahash, are villainously treated.
6 The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, are overcome by Joab and Abishai.
16 Shophach, making a new supply of the Syrians, is slain by David.
Nahash <05176> [Nahash.]
express <06213> [I will shew.]
son ........................... Ammonite <01121> [the children.]
officials <08269> [but the princes.]
David <05869 01732> [Thinkest thou that David. Heb. In thine eyes doth David.]
they can ... information <02713> [to search.]
seized David's <03947 01732> [took David's.]
shaved their beards off ... cut off <01548 03772> [shaved them.]
cut off <03772> [and cut.]
sent ... away <07971> [sent them.]
told David <01732 05046> [and told David.]
Jericho <03405> [at Jericho.]
beards <02206> [your beards.]
disgusted <0887> [had made.]
disgusted <0887> [odious. Heb. to stink.]
1,000 <0505> [a thousand.]
Aram <0758> [Syria-maachah.]
Zobah <06678> [Zobah.]
hired <07936> [hired.]
32,000 <07970> [thirty.]
Thirty-two thousand soldiers, exclusive of the thousand send by the Maachah, are mentioned in the parallel passage (2 Sa 10:6;) but of chariots or cavalry there is no mention; and the number of chariots stated here is prodigious, and beyond all credibility. But as the word {raichev} denotes not only a chariot, but a rider, (see Isa 21:7,) it ought most probably to be rendered here, in a collective sense, cavalry; and then the number of troops will exactly agree with the passage in Samuel. It is probable that they were a kind of auxiliary troops who were usually mounted on horses, or in chariots, but who occasionally served as foot-soldiers.
king ... Maacah <04601 04428> [the king of Maachah.]
This variation exists only in the translation, the original being the same in both places, {melech m„achah,} "the king of Maachah."
king <04428> [king Maachah. Medeba.]
Joab <03097> [Joab.]
battle <04421> [put the battle.]
kings <04428> [the kings.]
Joab <03097> [when Joab.]
battle <04421> [battle. Heb. face of the battle. set against.]
chose <0977> [choice. or, young men.]
Abishai <052> [Abishai. Heb. Abshai.]
The variation of ['AbŒyshay <\\See definition 052\\>,] Abishai, and ['Abshay <\\See definition 052\\>,] Abshai, is simply caused by the elision of [Y“wd,] {yood,} which is by no means uncommon.
deployed <06186> [and they set.]
Arameans <0758> [If the Syrians.]
strong .... bravely <02388> [of good.]
strong .... bravely <02388> [let us behave, etc.]
In Samuel, "let us play the men;" but the original is the same in both places, {nithchazzak}.
Lord <03068> [let the Lord.]
fled <05127> [they fled.]
flee ... fled <05127> [they likewise.]
<03318> [A.M. 2968. B.C. 1036. An. Ex. Is. 455. and drew.]
Euphrates <05104> [river. that is, Euphrates. Shophach.]
This variation arises from the permutation of [Bˆyth,] {baith,} and [Pˆ,] {pay;} being written in the parallel passage [Sh“wbƒk <\\See definition 07731\\>,] Shobach, and here [Sh“wphƒk <\\See definition 07780\\>,] Shophach.
[Shobach.]
deployed <06186> [upon them.]
Instead of {alaihem,} "upon them," it is in 2 Sa 10:17 {chelamah,} "to Helam:" the one seems evidently to be a mistake for the other.
deployed <06186> [and set.]
fled before Israel <05127 06440 03478> [fled before Israel.]
7,000 ..... 40,000 <07651 0505> [seven thousand.]
In the parallel passage, "the men of seven hundred chariots;" which difference probably arose from mistaking [N–wn,] {noon final}, which stands for 700, for [Zayin,] {zayin,} with a dot above, which denotes 7,000, or vice versa: the great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other.
<0376> [footmen.]
If these troops were as we have suppose, a kind of dismounted cavalry, the terms footmen and horsemen might be indifferently applied to them.
[horsemen.]
subjects <05650> [the servants.]
willing <014> [would.]
