1Sa 7:3-17 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- 1 Samuel 7:3-17 (NET)

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Context

7:3 Samuel said to all the people of Israel, “If you are really turning to the Lord with all your hearts, remove from among you the foreign gods and the images of Ashtoreth. Give your hearts to the Lord and serve only him. Then he will deliver you from the hand of the Philistines.” 7:4 So the Israelites removed the Baals and images of Ashtoreth. They served only the Lord. 7:5 Then Samuel said, “Gather all Israel to Mizpah, and I will pray to the Lord on your behalf.” 7:6 After they had assembled at Mizpah, they drew water and poured it out before the Lord. They fasted on that day, and they confessed there, “We have sinned against the Lord.” So Samuel led the people of Israel at Mizpah. 7:7 When the Philistines heard that the Israelites had gathered at Mizpah, the leaders of the Philistines went up against Israel. When the Israelites heard about this, they were afraid of the Philistines. 7:8 The Israelites said to Samuel, “Keep crying out to the Lord our God so that he may save us from the hand of the Philistines!” 7:9 So Samuel took a nursing lamb and offered it as a whole burnt offering to the Lord. Samuel cried out to the Lord on Israel’s behalf, and the Lord answered him. 7:10 As Samuel was offering burnt offerings, the Philistines approached to do battle with Israel. But on that day the Lord thundered loudly against the Philistines. He caused them to panic, and they were defeated by Israel. 7:11 Then the men of Israel left Mizpah and chased the Philistines, striking them down all the way to an area below Beth Car. 7:12 Samuel took a stone and placed it between Mizpah and Shen. He named it Ebenezer, saying, “Up to here the Lord has helped us.” 7:13 So the Philistines were defeated; they did not invade Israel again. The hand of the Lord was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel. 7:14 The cities that the Philistines had captured from Israel were returned to Israel, from Ekron to Gath. Israel also delivered their territory from the control of the Philistines. There was also peace between Israel and the Amorites. 7:15 So Samuel led Israel all the days of his life. 7:16 Year after year he used to travel the circuit of Bethel, Gilgal, and Mizpah; he used to judge Israel in all of these places. 7:17 Then he would return to Ramah, because his home was there. He also judged Israel there and built an altar to the Lord there.

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia

· Ashtaroth pagan god images of the Canaanite goddess Ashtoreth,a town of Manasseh about 35 km east of the sea of Chinnereth

· Baal a pagan god,a title of a pagan god,a town in the Negeb on the border of Simeon and Judah,son of Reaiah son of Micah; a descendant of Reuben,the forth son of Jeiel, the Benjamite

· Beth-car a place more or less west of Mizpah (ZD)

· Beth-Car a place more or less west of Mizpah (ZD)

· Bethel a town of Benjamin bordering Ephraim 18 km north of Jerusalem

· Ebenezer a place just west of Aphek in Manasseh,a place near Bethel in Benjamin

· Ekron a town in the western foothills of Judah,residents of the town of Ekron

· Gath a town of the Anakim and Philistines in Judah 12 km south. of Ekron

· Gilgal a place where Israel encamped between Jericho and the Jordan,a town between Dor and Tirza in the territory of Ephraim (YC),a town just north of Joppa, originally a military base (YC),a place 12 miles south of Shechem now called Jiljiliah (YC)

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jeshanah a town 9 km NNE of Bethel & 7 km SSW of Shiloh

· Mizpah a town of Moab

· Philistines a sea people coming from Crete in 1200BC to the coast of Canaan

· Ramah a town 8 km north of Jerusalem,a town of Simeon,a town of Benjamin 9 km north of Jerusalem and 8 km south of Bethel (OS),a town on the border of Asher (OS),a town of Ephraim 10 km SE of Aphek, and 25 km east of Joppa,a town in Gilead 50-60 km east of Beth-Shan

· Samuel son of Ammihud; Moses' land distribution deputy for Simeon,son of Tola son of Issachar

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:3 Following imperatives, the jussive verbal form with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose/result.

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:4 Heb “the sons of Israel.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:6 Heb “judged”; NAB “began to judge”; TEV “settled disputes among.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:8 After the negated jussive, the prefixed verbal form with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose/result.

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:9 Heb “a lamb of milk”; NAB “an unweaned lamb”; NIV “a suckling lamb”; NCV “a baby lamb.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:10 Heb “before.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:12 The name Ebenezer (אֶבֶן הָעָזֶר) means “stone of help” in Hebrew ...

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:14 Heb “hand.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:15 Heb “judged” (also in v. 17).

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:16 For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

NET Notes: 1Sa 7:17 Or perhaps “settled disputes for” (cf. NLT “would hear cases there”; NRSV “administered justice there”).

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