Text -- 2 Chronicles 22:1-12 (NET)

Ahaziah’s Reign

22:1 The residents of Jerusalem made his youngest son Ahaziah king in his place, for the raiding party that invaded the city with the Arabs had killed all the older sons. So Ahaziah son of Jehoram became king of Judah. 22:2 Ahaziah was twenty-two years old when he became king and he reigned for one year in Jerusalem. His mother was Athaliah, the granddaughter of Omri. 22:3 He followed in the footsteps of Ahab’s dynasty, for his mother gave him evil advice. 22:4 He did evil in the sight of the Lord like Ahab’s dynasty because, after his father’s death, they gave him advice that led to his destruction. 22:5 He followed their advice and joined Ahab’s son King Joram of Israel in a battle against King Hazael of Syria at Ramoth Gilead in which the Syrians defeated Joram. 22:6 Joram returned to Jezreel to recover from the wounds he received from the Syrians in Ramah when he fought against King Hazael of Syria. Ahaziah son of King Jehoram of Judah went down to visit Joram son of Ahab in Jezreel, because he had been wounded. 22:7 God brought about Ahaziah’s downfall through his visit to Joram. When Ahaziah arrived, he went out with Joram to meet Jehu son of Nimshi, whom the Lord had commissioned to wipe out Ahab’s family. 22:8 While Jehu was dishing out punishment to Ahab’s family, he discovered the officials of Judah and the sons of Ahaziah’s relatives who were serving Ahaziah and killed them. 22:9 He looked for Ahaziah, who was captured while hiding in Samaria. They brought him to Jehu and then executed him. They did give him a burial, for they reasoned, “He is the son of Jehoshaphat, who sought the Lord with his whole heart.” There was no one in Ahaziah’s family strong enough to rule in his place.

Athaliah is Eliminated

22:10 When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she was determined to destroy the entire royal line of Judah. 22:11 So Jehoshabeath, the daughter of King Jehoram, took Ahaziah’s son Joash and sneaked him away from the rest of the royal descendants who were to be executed. She hid him and his nurse in the room where the bed covers were stored. So Jehoshabeath the daughter of King Jehoram, wife of Jehoiada the priest and sister of Ahaziah, hid him from Athaliah so she could not execute him. 22:12 He remained in hiding in God’s temple for six years, while Athaliah was ruling over the land.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:1

¹ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

² tn Heb “for all the older [ones] the raiding party that came with the Arabs to the camp had killed.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:2

¹ tc Heb “forty-two,” but the parallel passage in 2 Kgs 8:26 reads “twenty-two” along with some mss of the LXX and the Syriac.

² tn The Hebrew term בַּת (bat, “daughter”) can refer, as here, to a granddaughter. See HALOT 165-66 s.v. I בַּת 1.

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:3

¹ tn Heb “and also he walked in the ways of the house of Ahab.”

² tn Heb “for his mother was his adviser to do evil.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:4

¹ tn Heb “in the eyes of.”

² tn That is, the members of Ahab’s royal house.

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:5

¹ sn Jehoram and Joram are alternate spellings of the Israelite king’s name (also in vv. 6-7). The shorter form is used in these verse to avoid confusion with King Jehoram of Judah, father of Azariah.

² tn Heb “Aram” (also in v. 6).

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:6

¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “which the Syrians inflicted [on] him.”

³ tc Most Hebrew mss read “Azariah.” A few Hebrew mss, the LXX, Vulgate, and Syriac read “Ahaziah” (cf. 2 Kgs 8:29).

⁴ tn Heb “because he was sick,” presumably referring to the wounds he received in the battle with the Syrians.

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:7

¹ tn Heb “From God was the downfall of Ahaziah by going to Joram.”

² tn Heb “he”; the referent (Ahaziah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Heb “anointed.”

⁴ tn Heb “to cut off the house of Ahab.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:9

¹ map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.

² tn Heb “they said.”

³ tn Heb “and there was no one belonging to the house of Ahaziah to retain strength for kingship.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:10

¹ tn Heb “she arose and she destroyed all the royal offspring.” The verb קוּם (qum, “arise”) is here used in an auxiliary sense to indicate that she embarked on a campaign to destroy the royal offspring. See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 125.

² tn Heb “house of Judah.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:11

¹ sn Jehoshabeath is a variant spelling of the name Jehosheba (2 Kgs 11:2).

² tn Heb “the king”; the referent (King Jehoram, see later in this verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Heb “stole.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 22:12

¹ tn Heb “and he was with them in the house of God hiding.”