2Sa 23:20-39 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- 2 Samuel 23:20-39 (NET)

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Context

23:20 Benaiah son of Jehoida was a brave warrior from Kabzeel who performed great exploits. He struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion in a cistern on a snowy day. 23:21 He also killed an impressive-looking Egyptian. The Egyptian wielded a spear, while Benaiah attacked him with a club. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 23:22 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoida, who gained fame among the three elite warriors. 23:23 He received honor from the thirty warriors, though he was not one of the three elite warriors. David put him in charge of his bodyguard. 23:24 Included with the thirty were the following: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem, 23:25 Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, 23:26 Helez the Paltite, Ira son of Ikkesh from Tekoa, 23:27 Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite, 23:28 Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, 23:29 Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjamin, 23:30 Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai from the wadis of Gaash, 23:31 Abi-Albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite, 23:32 Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan 23:33 son of Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam son of Sharar the Hararite, 23:34 Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite, Eliam son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, 23:35 Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, 23:36 Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite, 23:37 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite (the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah), 23:38 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite 23:39 and Uriah the Hittite. Altogether there were thirty-seven.

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Cross Reference (TSK)

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Abi-Albon a man from the Arabah who was one of David's military elite

· Abi-albon a man from the Arabah who was one of David's military elite

· Abiezer son of Ammishaddai; Moses' officer over the tribe of Dan,son of Shemaah of Gibeah; chief of Benjamite defecters to David

· Ahasbai father of Eliphelet / Eliphal, one of David's military elite

· Ahiam son of Sharar the Hararite; one of David's military elite

· Ahithophel a man from Giloh; father of Eliam, the father of Bathsheba

· Ahohite a member of the clan of Ahoh (OS)

· Ammonite the tribe/nation of people descended from Ben-Ammi, Lot's son,Territory of the tribe/nation of Ammon

· Anathoth a town of Benjamin 10 km NE of Jerusalem, given to the priests,son of Becher, a Benjamite,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law

· Arbathite a resident of the town of Beth-Arabah of Judah and Benjamin

· Arbite a resident of the town of Arab of Judah

· Ariels a nickname for a very fierce warriors, "lion of God".

· Asahel son of Zeruiah, David's sister; brother of Joab,a Levite assigned to teach in Judah under Jehoshaphat,a Levite assistant to the temple treasurer under Hezekiah,father of Jonathan who opposed Ezra's policies

· Azmaveth a town of Benjamin 7 km NNW of Jerusalem

· Baanah son of Rimmon and a Benjamite captain of Ishbosheth's army,a man of Netophah; father of Heled, one of David's mighty men.,a leader returned exiles who pledged to keep God's law

· Bahurim a town of Benjamin 4-5 km NE of Jerusalem (SMM, OS)

· Bani a man of Gad; one of David's military elite,son of Shemer (Merari Aaron Levi),a man descended from Perez of Judah,a non-Levite ancestor of men who put away their heathen wives,a non-Levite ancestor of others who put away heathen wives,a Levite who helped Ezra explain the reading of the law,son of Henadad (Levi); a signer of the pledge to keep the law,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law,son of Hashabiah and father of head Levite Uzzi under Nehemiah

· Beeroth a resident(s) of the town of Beeroth

· Benaiah son of Jehoiada; commander of King Solomon's army,son of Jehoiada of Pirathon in Ephraim; one of David's elite,head of a large influential family of Simeon in Hezekiah's time,a Levite worship leader in David's time,a priest in David's time,father of Jehoiada, one of king David's counselors,son of Jeiel; a priest under Jehoshaphat,a man who was a temple helper in the time of Hezekiah,a layman of the Parosh clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Nebo clan who put away his heathen wife,the father of Pelatiah, a wicked counselor exposed by Ezekiel

· Benjaminites the tribe of Benjamin of Israel

· Bethlehem a town 8 km south of Jerusalem,a town of Zebulun 10 km west of Nazareth and 15 km SW of Cana SMM,a town of Judah 8 km south. of Jerusalem

· Carmel a woman resident of the town of Carmel

· David a son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel,son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel

· Dodo grandfather of Tola the judge--before Saul's time,son of Ahohi; one of David's military elite,father of Elhanan, one of David's military elite from Bethlehem

· Egyptians descendants of Mizraim

· Elhanan son of Jaare-Oregim "the Bethlehemite", or Jair,son of Dodo of Bethlehem; one of David's military elite

· Eliahba a man who was one of David's military elite from Sha-Albon

· Eliam son of Ahithophel of Gilo; father of Bathsheba/Bathshua

· Elika a man who was one of David's military elite from Harod

· Gaash a mountain of Ephraim south of Timnath-Serah, 20 km ESE of Joppa,a region known as "The Brooks of Gaash"

· Gadites the tribe of Gad as a whole

· more...

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:20 Heb “the two of Ariel, Moab.” The precise meaning of אריאל is uncertain; some read “warrior.” Th...

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:21 Heb “and he went down to.”

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:23 Or “more than.”

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:24 For location see Map5 B1; Map7 E2; Map8 E2; Map10 B4.

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:29 The translation follows many medieval Hebrew mss in reading חֵלֶד (kheled; cf. NAB, NIV, NLT) rather than the MT ח...

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:33 The Hebrew text does not have “the son of.”

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:35 The translation follows the Qere and many medieval Hebrew mss in reading חֶצְרַי (khetsrai; cf. KJV, NAB) ra...

NET Notes: 2Sa 23:37 The translation follows the Qere and many medieval Hebrew mss in reading the singular rather than the plural of the Kethib of the MT.

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