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Text -- Exodus 15:1-27 (NET)

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Context
The Song of Triumph
15:1 Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the Lord. They said, “I will sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously, the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea. 15:2 The Lord is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation. This is my God, and I will praise him, my father’s God, and I will exalt him. 15:3 The Lord is a warrior, the Lord is his name. 15:4 The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he has thrown into the sea, and his chosen officers were drowned in the Red Sea. 15:5 The depths have covered them, they went down to the bottom like a stone. 15:6 Your right hand, O Lord, was majestic in power, your right hand, O Lord, shattered the enemy. 15:7 In the abundance of your majesty you have overthrown those who rise up against you. You sent forth your wrath; it consumed them like stubble. 15:8 By the blast of your nostrils the waters were piled up, the flowing water stood upright like a heap, and the deep waters were solidified in the heart of the sea. 15:9 The enemy said, ‘I will chase, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil; my desire will be satisfied on them. I will draw my sword, my hand will destroy them.’ 15:10 But you blew with your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters. 15:11 Who is like you, O Lord, among the gods? Who is like you?– majestic in holiness, fearful in praises, working wonders? 15:12 You stretched out your right hand, the earth swallowed them. 15:13 By your loyal love you will lead the people whom you have redeemed; you will guide them by your strength to your holy dwelling place. 15:14 The nations will hear and tremble; anguish will seize the inhabitants of Philistia. 15:15 Then the chiefs of Edom will be terrified, trembling will seize the leaders of Moab, and the inhabitants of Canaan will shake. 15:16 Fear and dread will fall on them; by the greatness of your arm they will be as still as stone until your people pass by, O Lord, until the people whom you have bought pass by. 15:17 You will bring them in and plant them in the mountain of your inheritance, in the place you made for your residence, O Lord, the sanctuary, O Lord, that your hands have established. 15:18 The Lord will reign forever and ever! 15:19 For the horses of Pharaoh came with his chariots and his footmen into the sea, and the Lord brought back the waters of the sea on them, but the Israelites walked on dry land in the middle of the sea.” 15:20 Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a hand-drum in her hand, and all the women went out after her with hand-drums and with dances. 15:21 Miriam sang in response to them, “Sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea.”
The Bitter Water
15:22 Then Moses led Israel to journey away from the Red Sea. They went out to the Desert of Shur, walked for three days into the desert, and found no water. 15:23 Then they came to Marah, but they were not able to drink the waters of Marah, because they were bitter. (That is why its name was Marah.) 15:24 So the people murmured against Moses, saying, “What can we drink?” 15:25 He cried out to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a tree. When Moses threw it into the water, the water became safe to drink. There the Lord made for them a binding ordinance, and there he tested them. 15:26 He said, “If you will diligently obey the Lord your God, and do what is right in his sight, and pay attention to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, then all the diseases that I brought on the Egyptians I will not bring on you, for I, the Lord, am your healer.” 15:27 Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve wells of water and seventy palm trees, and they camped there by the water.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Aaron a son of Amram; brother of Moses,son of Amram (Kohath Levi); patriarch of Israel's priests,the clan or priestly line founded by Aaron
 · Canaan the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River
 · Edom resident(s) of the region of Edom
 · Egyptians descendants of Mizraim
 · Elim a place (an oasis)
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Marah an encampment site where Moses made bitter water sweet
 · Miriam daughter of Amram the Levite; sister of Moses and Aaron,child of Mered (Judah) and wife Bithiah (Pharaoh's daughter)
 · Moab resident(s) of the country of Moab
 · Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law
 · Pharaoh the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Abraham's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Joseph's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who refused to let Israel leave Egypt,the title of the king of Egypt whose daughter Solomon married,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in the time of Isaiah,the title Egypt's ruler just before Moses' time
 · Philistia the country of the Philistines which was the coastal plain of southwestern Palestine
 · Red Sea the ocean between Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula,the sea between Egypt and Arabia
 · sea the Dead Sea, at the southern end of the Jordan River,the Mediterranean Sea,the Persian Gulf south east of Babylon,the Red Sea
 · Shur the wilderness region in the NW part of the Sinai isthmus


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Moses | Music | Poetry | Red Sea | Faith | Songs | GLASS, SEA OF | ISRAEL, HISTORY OF, 1 | OMNIPOTENCE | NUMBERS, BOOK OF | NUMBER | TEXT OF THE OLD TESTAMENT | POETRY, HEBREW | EXODUS, THE BOOK OF, 3-4 | Miriam | Joy | Thankfulness | Exodus | Praise | Song | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Exo 15:1 The common understanding is that Egypt did not have people riding horses at this time, and so the phrase the horse and its rider is either viewed as a...

NET Notes: Exo 15:2 The word נָוָה (navah) occurs only here. It may mean “beautify, adorn” with praises (see BDB 627 s.v.). See ...

NET Notes: Exo 15:3 Heb “Yahweh is his name.” As throughout, the name “Yahweh” is rendered as “the Lord” in the translation, as is typ...

NET Notes: Exo 15:4 The form is a Qal passive rather than a Pual, for there is not Piel form or meaning.

NET Notes: Exo 15:5 The parasynonyms here are תְּהֹמֹת (tÿhomot, “deep, ocean depths, deep waters”) and &...

NET Notes: Exo 15:6 The form נֶאְדָּרִי (ne’dari) may be an archaic infinitive with the old ending i, us...

NET Notes: Exo 15:7 The verb is the prefixed conjugation, the preterite, without the consecutive vav (ו).

NET Notes: Exo 15:8 The word “heap” describes the walls of water. The waters, which are naturally fluid, stood up as though they were a heap, a mound of earth...

NET Notes: Exo 15:9 The verb is יָרַשׁ (yarash), which in the Hiphil means “to dispossess” or “root out.” The ...

NET Notes: Exo 15:10 The verb may have the idea of sinking with a gurgling sound, like water going into a whirlpool (R. A. Cole, Exodus [TOTC], 124; S. R. Driver, Exodus, ...

NET Notes: Exo 15:11 S. R. Driver suggests “praiseworthy acts” as the translation (Exodus, 137).

NET Notes: Exo 15:12 The verb is the prefixed conjugation, the preterite without the vav consecutive. The subject, the “earth,” must be inclusive of the sea, o...

NET Notes: Exo 15:13 This verb seems to mean “to guide to a watering-place” (See Ps 23:2).

NET Notes: Exo 15:14 The verb is again a prophetic perfect.

NET Notes: Exo 15:15 This verb is imperfect tense.

NET Notes: Exo 15:16 The verb קָנָה (qanah) here is the verb “acquire, purchase,” and probably not the homonym “to create, ...

NET Notes: Exo 15:17 The verb is perfect tense, referring to Yahweh’s previous choice of the holy place.

NET Notes: Exo 15:20 See J. N. Easton, “Dancing in the Old Testament,” ExpTim 86 (1975): 136-40.

NET Notes: Exo 15:21 This song of the sea is, then, a great song of praise for Yahweh’s deliverance of Israel at the Sea, and his preparation to lead them to the pro...

NET Notes: Exo 15:22 The mention that they travelled for three days into the desert is deliberately intended to recall Moses’ demand that they go three days into the...

NET Notes: Exo 15:23 Heb “one called its name,” the expression can be translated as a passive verb if the subject is not expressed.

NET Notes: Exo 15:24 It is likely that Moses used words very much like this when he prayed. The difference seems to lie in the prepositions – he cried “to̶...

NET Notes: Exo 15:25 The whole episode was a test from God. He led them there through Moses and let them go hungry and thirsty. He wanted to see how great their faith was.

NET Notes: Exo 15:26 The name I Yahweh am your healer comes as a bit of a surprise. One might expect, “I am Yahweh who heals your water,” but it was the people...

NET Notes: Exo 15:27 Judging from the way the story is told they were not far from the oasis. But God had other plans for them, to see if they would trust him wholehearted...

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