Ezr 10:12-44 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Ezra 10:12-44 (NET)

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Context

10:12 All the assembly replied in a loud voice: “We will do just as you have said! 10:13 However, the people are numerous and it is the rainy season. We are unable to stand here outside. Furthermore, this business cannot be resolved in a day or two, for we have sinned greatly in this matter. 10:14 Let our leaders take steps on behalf of all the assembly. Let all those in our towns who have married foreign women come at an appointed time, and with them the elders of each town and its judges, until the hot anger of our God is turned away from us in this matter.” 10:15 Only Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah were against this, assisted by Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite. 10:16 So the exiles proceeded accordingly. Ezra the priest separated out by name men who were leaders in their family groups. They sat down to consider this matter on the first day of the tenth month, 10:17 and on the first day of the first month they finished considering all the men who had married foreign wives.

Those Who Had Taken Foreign Wives

10:18 It was determined that from the descendants of the priests, the following had taken foreign wives: from the descendants of Jeshua son of Jozadak, and his brothers: Maaseiah, Eliezer, Jarib, and Gedaliah. 10:19 (They gave their word to send away their wives; their guilt offering was a ram from the flock for their guilt.) 10:20 From the descendants of Immer: Hanani and Zebadiah. 10:21 From the descendants of Harim: Maaseiah, Elijah, Shemaiah, Jehiel, and Uzziah. 10:22 From the descendants of Pashhur: Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasah. 10:23 From the Levites: Jozabad, Shimei, Kelaiah (also known as Kelita), Pethahiah, Judah, and Eliezer. 10:24 From the singers: Eliashib. From the gatekeepers: Shallum, Telem, and Uri. 10:25 From the Israelites: from the descendants of Parosh: Ramiah, Izziah, Malkijah, Mijamin, Eleazar, Malkijah, and Benaiah. 10:26 From the descendants of Elam: Mattaniah, Zechariah, Jehiel, Abdi, Jeremoth, and Elijah. 10:27 From the descendants of Zattu: Elioenai, Eliashib, Mattaniah, Jeremoth, Zabad, and Aziza. 10:28 From the descendants of Bebai: Jehohanan, Hananiah, Zabbai, and Athlai. 10:29 From the descendants of Bani: Meshullam, Malluch, Adaiah, Jashub, Sheal, and Jeremoth. 10:30 From the descendants of Pahath-Moab: Adna, Kelal, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattaniah, Bezalel, Binnui, and Manasseh. 10:31 From the descendants of Harim: Eliezer, Ishijah, Malkijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon, 10:32 Benjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah. 10:33 From the descendants of Hashum: Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei. 10:34 From the descendants of Bani: Maadai, Amram, Uel, 10:35 Benaiah, Bedeiah, Keluhi, 10:36 Vaniah, Meremoth, Eliashib, 10:37 Mattaniah, Mattenai, and Jaasu. 10:38 From the descendants of Binnui: Shimei, 10:39 Shelemiah, Nathan, Adaiah, 10:40 Machnadebai, Shashai, Sharai, 10:41 Azarel, Shelemiah, Shemariah, 10:42 Shallum, Amariah, and Joseph. 10:43 From the descendants of Nebo: Jeiel, Mattithiah, Zabad, Zebina, Jaddai, Joel, and Benaiah. 10:44 All these had taken foreign wives, and some of them also had children by these women.

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Abdi a Levite of Merari's clan; forefather of Ethan and Kish.,an Israelite descended from Elam who put away his heathen wife

· Adaiah a woman's name; King Josiah's grandmother,the son of Ethan (Gershom, Levi); ancestor of Asaph,the son of Shimei of Benjamin,son of Jeroham; a priestly leader of those returning from exile,father of Ma-Aseiah, a commander who helped enthrone Joash,an Israelite (Bani) who put away his heathen wife,an Israelite (Binnui) who put away his heathen wife,the son of Joiarib of Judah of pre-exile times,son of Jeroham; head of the priestly clan of Melchijah

· Adna a commander (Manasseh) of Saul's who defected to David,a commander of 300,000 Judean men under King Jehoshaphat

· Amariah a Levite (Hebron Kohath); founder of a sub-clan of Hebron,the chief priest, Amariah I; son of Marioth I; 1100 BC,son of Azariah II; chief priest under Jehoshaphat; Amariah II,a Levite temple assistant to Kore under King Hezekiah; 725 BC,son of King Hezekiah; 700 BC,an Israelite (Binnui) who put away his heathen wife; 458 BC,a priestly leader who returned with Zerubbabel 537 BC (NIVsn),son of Shephatiah of Judah

· Amram son of Kohath son of Levi,an Israelite (Bani) who put away his heathen wife

· Asahel son of Zeruiah, David's sister; brother of Joab,a Levite assigned to teach in Judah under Jehoshaphat,a Levite assistant to the temple treasurer under Hezekiah,father of Jonathan who opposed Ezra's policies

· Athlai an Israelite (Bebai) who put away his heathen wife

· Azarel a man of Benjamin who defected to David at Ziklag,chief of the 11th division of singers under David,son of Jeroham; chief of the tribe of Dan under David,an Israelite (Binnui) who put away his heathen wife,son of Ahzai; a returned exile priest musician

· Aziza an Israelite (Zattu) who put away his heathen wife

· Bani a man of Gad; one of David's military elite,son of Shemer (Merari Aaron Levi),a man descended from Perez of Judah,a non-Levite ancestor of men who put away their heathen wives,a non-Levite ancestor of others who put away heathen wives,a Levite who helped Ezra explain the reading of the law,son of Henadad (Levi); a signer of the pledge to keep the law,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law,son of Hashabiah and father of head Levite Uzzi under Nehemiah

· Bebai father of Zechariah who lead the Bebai clan back from exile,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law

· Bedeiah a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife

· Benaiah son of Jehoiada; commander of King Solomon's army,son of Jehoiada of Pirathon in Ephraim; one of David's elite,head of a large influential family of Simeon in Hezekiah's time,a Levite worship leader in David's time,a priest in David's time,father of Jehoiada, one of king David's counselors,son of Jeiel; a priest under Jehoshaphat,a man who was a temple helper in the time of Hezekiah,a layman of the Parosh clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Nebo clan who put away his heathen wife,the father of Pelatiah, a wicked counselor exposed by Ezekiel

· Benjamin the tribe of Benjamin of Israel

· Bezalel the son of Uri of Judah who made the things in the tabernacle,a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife

· Binnui a Levite whose son (or descendant), Noadiah returned from exile,a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife,forefather of certain men who put away their heathen wives.,a man of the clan of Henadad who helped repair the wall,a man whose descendants returned from exile with Zerubbabel,a man of Levi who returned with Zerubbabel from exile

· Chelal a layman of the Pahath-Moab clan who put away his heathen wife

· Cheluhi a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife

· Elam son of Shem son of Noah,a country east of the Tigris and Babylon in the territory of Media,son of Shashak of Benjamin,son of Meshelemiah; a Levite gatekeeper,a man whose descendants returned from exile in Babylon; Elam I,forefather of exile returnees with Zerubbabel; Elam II,forefather of returnees headed by Jeshaiah,forefather of Shecaniah who had to put away his heathen wife,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law,a priest who helped Nehemiah dedicate the new wall of Jerusalem

· Elasah a priest of the Pashhur clan who put away his heathen wife,son of Shaphan; messenger for Jeremiah

· Eleazar a son of Eliud; the father of Matthan; an ancestor of Jesus.,a chief priest; son of Aaron,son of Abinadab; caretaker of the Ark at Kiriath-Jearim,son of Dodo the Ahohite; one of David's military elite,son of Mahli the Levite,a priest who participated in the dedication of the wall,a priest under Ezra; son of Phinehas,a layman of the Parosh clan who put away his heathen wife

· Eli-O-Enai son of Neariah, a descendant of Hananiah, Zerubbabel and David,head of an influential clan of Simeon in King Hezekiah's time,son of Becher son of Benjamin,a priest of the Pashhur clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Zattu clan who put away his heathen wife,a priest who played the trumpet at the dedication of the wall

· Eliashib chief of a division of priests serving in David's sanctuary,son of Eli-O-Enai, (Hananiah Zerubbabel David),high priest in the days of Nehemiah,a Levite singer who agreed to put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Zattu clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani clan who put away his heathen wife,a chief priest; son of Joiakim

· Eliezer a son of Jorim; the father of Joshua; an ancestor of Jesus,Abraham's servant from Damascus,son of Moses,son of Becher son of Benjamin,a priest in David's time,son of Zichri; David's chief officer over the Reubenites,son of Dodavahu of Mareshah who prophesied against Jehoshaphat.,one of the leaders Ezra sent to Iddo to ask for recruits,a priest of the Jeshua clan who put away his heathen wife,a man who put away his heathen wife; a Levite,a layman of the Harim clan who put away his heathen wife

· Elijah a prophet from the 9th century B.C.,a prophet from Tishbe in Gilead to Israel in King Ahab's time,son of Jeroham of Benjamin,a priest of the Harim clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani Elam clan who put away his heathen wife

· Ezra a man of Judah; probably the son of Hodiah

· Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan,son of Jeduthun (Levi); worship leader under Jeduthun and David,a priest of the Jeshua clan who put away his heathen wife,son of Amariah (Hezekiah); grandfather of Zephaniah the prophet,son of Pashhur; a prince under King Zedekiah

· Hanani son of Heman the Levite; worship leader under Heman and David,a prophet in the time of Asa King of Judah; father of Jehu,a priest of the Immer clan who put away his heathen wife,a man related to Nehemiah who was an administrator in Jerusalem; brother of Nehemiah,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Hananiah son of Heman the Levite; worship leader under Heman and David,a man who was one of King Uzziah's commanders,son of Azzur; a false prophet of Zedekiah's from Gibeon,father of Zedekiah, a prince of Judah in the time of Jehoiakim,grandfather of Irijah the sentry who falsely accused Jeremiah; the father of Shelemiah,son of Shashak of Benjamin,a man of Judah who served Nebuchadnezzar with Daniel in Babylon,son of Zerubbabel,a layman of the Bebai clan who put away his heathen wife,a man who made perfume and helped rebuild the wall of Jerusalem; son of Shelemiah,governor of the castle and over Jerusalem under Nehemiah,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to keep God's law,a priest and head of the clan of Jeremiah under Joiakim

· Harim a chief of a division of priests serving in David's sanctuary,a priest leader of some who returned from exile with Zerubbabel,the forefather of certain men who put away their heathen wives,a priest who signed the covenant to keep God's law,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to keep God's law

· Hashabiah son of Amaziah of Levi; father of Malluch,a Merari Levite whose descendants returned from exile,son of Jeduthun the Levite leader under Jeduthun and King David,overseer of King David's work west of the Jordan River,son of Kemuel; David's chief officer over the Levites,a chief officer of the house of God in Josiah's time,a Levite descendant of Merari who led recruits to Ezra,a layman of the Parosh clan who put away his heathen wife,ruler of Keilah who helped repair the walls of Jerusalem,son of Henadad, a Levite who contracted to obey God's law,son of Bunni of Levi,son of Mattaniah of Asaph of Levi,priest and head of the house of Hilkiah,a chief of the Levites in Nehemiah's time

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Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Ezr 10:12 Heb “thus according to your word [singular = Qere] concerning us, to do.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:13 Heb “the time [is] rain showers.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:14 Heb “stand.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:15 Heb “stood.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:16 Heb “the heads of the fathers, to the house of their fathers, and all of them by name.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:18 Heb “found.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:19 Heb “hand.”

NET Notes: Ezr 10:31 The translation reads with many medieval Hebrew MSS and ancient versions וּמִבְּנֵי (umibb...

NET Notes: Ezr 10:34 The name “Bani” appears in both v. 29 and v. 34. One of these names has probably undergone alteration in the transmission process, but it ...

NET Notes: Ezr 10:38 The translation reads וּמִבְּנֵי בִנּוּי (umibb&...

NET Notes: Ezr 10:44 The final statement in v. 44 is difficult in terms of both its syntax and its meaning. The present translation attempts to make sense of the MT. But t...

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