Jos 10:1-9 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Joshua 10:1-9 (NET)

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Context

Israel Defeats an Amorite Coalition

10:1 Adoni-Zedek, king of Jerusalem, heard how Joshua captured Ai and annihilated it and its king as he did Jericho and its king. He also heard how the people of Gibeon made peace with Israel and lived among them. 10:2 All Jerusalem was terrified because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities. It was larger than Ai and all its men were warriors. 10:3 So King Adoni-Zedek of Jerusalem sent this message to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon: 10:4 “Come to my aid so we can attack Gibeon, for it has made peace with Joshua and the Israelites.” 10:5 So the five Amorite kings (the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon) and all their troops gathered together and advanced. They deployed their troops and fought against Gibeon. 10:6 The men of Gibeon sent this message to Joshua at the camp in Gilgal, “Do not abandon your subjects! Rescue us! Help us! For all the Amorite kings living in the hill country are attacking us.” 10:7 So Joshua and his whole army, including the bravest warriors, marched up from Gilgal. 10:8 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid of them, for I am handing them over to you. Not one of them can resist you.” 10:9 Joshua attacked them by surprise after marching all night from Gilgal.

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Adoni-zedek a king of Jerusalem whom Joshua defeated and executed

· Adoni-Zedek a king of Jerusalem whom Joshua defeated and executed

· Ai a town of Canaanites in Benjamin

· Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia

· Debir the Amorite king of Eglon,a town of Judah 14 km SW of Hebron,a border town of Judah, about 16 km east of Jerusalem,a northern border town of Gad, about 80 km NE of Jerusalem

· Eglon a town in the western foothills of Judah near Lachish,king of Moab

· Gibeon a town of Benjamin pioneered by Jeiel of Benjamin

· Gilgal a place where Israel encamped between Jericho and the Jordan,a town between Dor and Tirza in the territory of Ephraim (YC),a town just north of Joppa, originally a military base (YC),a place 12 miles south of Shechem now called Jiljiliah (YC)

· Hebron a valley and town of Judah 25 km west of the dead sea,son of Kohath son of Levi,son of Mareshah of Judah

· Hoham king of Hebron who sought to punish Gibeon for helping Joshua

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Japhia king of Lachish in Joshua's time,a place marking part of the border of Zebulun,son of David

· Jarmuth a town of Judah 23 km NW of Hebron & 21 km west of Bethlehem,a town of Issachar

· Jericho a town five miles west of the Jordan and 15 miles northeast of Jerusalem,a town of Benjamin 11 km NW of the mouth of the Jordan River

· Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin

· Joshua a son of Eliezer; the father of Er; an ancestor of Jesus,the son of Nun and successor of Moses,son of Nun of Ephraim; successor to Moses,a man: owner of the field where the ark stopped,governor of Jerusalem under King Josiah,son of Jehozadak; high priest in the time of Zerubbabel

· Lachish a town of Judah 23 km west of Hebron & 40 km north of Beersheba (SMM)

· Piram a king of Jarmuth in the days of Joshua

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jos 10:1 Heb “and how.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:2 This statement is subordinated to v. 1 in the Hebrew text, which reads literally, “When Adoni-Zedek…they feared greatly.” The subjec...

NET Notes: Jos 10:4 Heb “Come up to me and help me.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:5 Heb “and they camped against Gibeon and fought against it.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:6 Heb “have gathered against us.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:7 Heb “And Joshua went up from Gilgal, he and all the people of war with him, and all the brave warriors.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:8 Heb “and not a man [or “one”] of them will stand before you.”

NET Notes: Jos 10:9 Heb “Joshua came upon them suddenly, all the night he went up from Gilgal.”

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