Discovery BoxMark 14:12-52
Context14:12 Now 1 on the first day of the feast of 2 Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb is sacrificed, 3 Jesus’ 4 disciples said to him, “Where do you want us to prepare for you to eat the Passover?” 5 14:13 He sent two of his disciples and told them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar 6 of water will meet you. Follow him. 14:14 Wherever he enters, tell the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher says, “Where is my guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?”’ 14:15 He will show you a large room upstairs, furnished and ready. Make preparations for us there.” 14:16 So 7 the disciples left, went 8 into the city, and found things just as he had told them, 9 and they prepared the Passover.
14:17 Then, 10 when it was evening, he came to the house 11 with the twelve. 14:18 While they were at the table 12 eating, Jesus said, “I tell you the truth, 13 one of you eating with me will betray me.” 14 14:19 They were distressed, and one by one said to him, “Surely not I?” 14:20 He said to them, “It is one of the twelve, one who dips his hand 15 with me into the bowl. 16 14:21 For the Son of Man will go as it is written about him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for him if he had never been born.”
14:22 While they were eating, he took bread, and after giving thanks he broke it, gave it to them, and said, “Take it. This is my body.” 14:23 And after taking the cup and giving thanks, he gave it to them, and they all drank from it. 14:24 He said to them, “This is my blood, the blood 17 of the covenant, 18 that is poured out for many. 14:25 I tell you the truth, 19 I will no longer drink of the fruit 20 of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.” 14:26 After singing a hymn, 21 they went out to the Mount of Olives.
14:27 Then 22 Jesus said to them, “You will all fall away, for it is written,
‘I will strike the shepherd,
and the sheep will be scattered.’ 23
14:28 But after I am raised, I will go ahead of you into Galilee.” 14:29 Peter said to him, “Even if they all fall away, I will not!” 14:30 Jesus said to him, “I tell you the truth, 24 today – this very night – before a rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.” 14:31 But Peter 25 insisted emphatically, 26 “Even if I must die with you, I will never deny you.” And all of them said the same thing.
14:32 Then 27 they went to a place called Gethsemane, and Jesus 28 said to his disciples, “Sit here while I pray.” 14:33 He took Peter, James, 29 and John with him, and became very troubled and distressed. 14:34 He said to them, “My soul is deeply grieved, even to the point of death. Remain here and stay alert.” 14:35 Going a little farther, he threw himself to the ground and prayed that if it were possible the hour would pass from him. 14:36 He said, “Abba, 30 Father, all things are possible for you. Take this cup 31 away from me. Yet not what I will, but what you will.” 14:37 Then 32 he came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, “Simon, are you sleeping? Couldn’t you stay awake for one hour? 14:38 Stay awake and pray that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.” 14:39 He went away again and prayed the same thing. 14:40 When he came again he found them sleeping; they could not keep their eyes open. 33 And they did not know what to tell him. 14:41 He came a third time and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? 34 Enough of that! 35 The hour has come. Look, the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 14:42 Get up, let us go. Look! My betrayer 36 is approaching!”
14:43 Right away, while Jesus 37 was still speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, arrived. 38 With him came a crowd armed with swords and clubs, sent by the chief priests and experts in the law 39 and elders. 14:44 (Now the betrayer 40 had given them a sign, saying, “The one I kiss is the man. Arrest him and lead him away under guard.”) 41 14:45 When Judas 42 arrived, he went up to Jesus 43 immediately and said, “Rabbi!” and kissed 44 him. 14:46 Then they took hold of him 45 and arrested him. 14:47 One of the bystanders drew his sword and struck the high priest’s slave, 46 cutting off his ear. 14:48 Jesus said to them, “Have you come with swords and clubs to arrest me like you would an outlaw? 47 14:49 Day after day I was with you, teaching in the temple courts, yet 48 you did not arrest me. But this has happened so that 49 the scriptures would be fulfilled.” 14:50 Then 50 all the disciples 51 left him and fled. 14:51 A young man was following him, wearing only a linen cloth. They tried to arrest him, 14:52 but he ran off naked, 52 leaving his linen cloth behind.
[14:12] 1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
[14:12] 2 tn The words “the feast of” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied for clarity.
[14:12] 3 sn Generally the feast of Unleavened Bread would refer to Nisan 15 (Friday), but the following reference to the sacrifice of the Passover lamb indicates that Nisan 14 (Thursday) was what Mark had in mind (Nisan = March 27 to April 25). The celebration of the Feast of Unleavened Bread lasted eight days, beginning with the Passover meal. The celebrations were so close together that at times the names of both were used interchangeably.
[14:12] 4 tn Grk “his”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:12] 5 sn This required getting a suitable lamb and finding lodging in Jerusalem where the meal could be eaten. The population of the city swelled during the feast, so lodging could be difficult to find. The Passover was celebrated each year in commemoration of the Israelites’ deliverance from Egypt; thus it was a feast celebrating redemption (see Exod 12). The Passover lamb was roasted and eaten after sunset in a family group of at least ten people (m. Pesahim 7.13). People ate the meal while reclining (see the note on table in 14:18). It included, besides the lamb, unleavened bread and bitter herbs as a reminder of Israel’s bitter affliction at the hands of the Egyptians. Four cups of wine mixed with water were also used for the meal. For a further description of the meal and the significance of the wine cups, see E. Ferguson, Backgrounds of Early Christianity, 523-24.
[14:13] 6 sn Since women usually carried these jars, it would have been no problem for the two disciples (Luke 22:8 states that they were Peter and John) to recognize the man Jesus was referring to.
[14:16] 7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the flow within the narrative.
[14:16] 9 sn The author’s note that the disciples found things just as he had told them shows that Jesus’ word could be trusted.
[14:17] 10 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[14:17] 11 tn The prepositional phrase “to the house” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[14:18] 12 tn Grk “while they were reclined at the table.”
[14:18] 13 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[14:18] 14 tn Or “will hand me over”; Grk “one of you will betray me, the one who eats with me.”
[14:20] 15 tn Grk “one who dips with me.” The phrase “his hand” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[14:20] 16 sn One who dips with me in the bowl. The point of Jesus’ comment here is not to identify the specific individual per se, but to indicate that it is one who was close to him – somebody whom no one would suspect. His comment serves to heighten the treachery of Judas’ betrayal.
[14:24] 17 tn Grk “this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”
[14:24] 18 tc Most
[14:25] 19 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[14:25] 20 tn Grk “the produce” (“the produce of the vine” is a figurative expression for wine).
[14:26] 21 sn After singing a hymn. The Hallel Psalms (Pss 113-118) were sung during the meal. Psalms 113 and 114 were sung just before the second cup and 115-118 were sung at the end of the meal, after the fourth, or hallel cup.
[14:27] 22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[14:27] 23 sn A quotation from Zech 13:7.
[14:30] 24 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[14:31] 25 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Peter) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:31] 26 tn Grk “said emphatically.”
[14:32] 27 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[14:32] 28 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:33] 29 tn Grk “and James,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
[14:36] 30 tn The word means “Father” in Aramaic.
[14:36] 31 sn This cup alludes to the wrath of God that Jesus would experience (in the form of suffering and death) for us. See Ps 11:6; 75:8-9; Isa 51:17, 19, 22 for this figure.
[14:37] 32 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[14:40] 33 tn Grk “because their eyes were weighed down,” an idiom for becoming extremely or excessively sleepy (L&N 23.69).
[14:41] 34 tn Or “Sleep on, and get your rest.” This sentence can be taken either as a question or a sarcastic command.
[14:41] 35 tc Codex D (with some support with minor variation from W Θ Ë13 565 2542 pc it) reads, “Enough of that! It is the end and the hour has come.” Evidently, this addition highlights Jesus’ assertion that what he had predicted about his own death was now coming true (cf. Luke 22:37). Even though the addition highlights the accuracy of Jesus’ prediction, it should not be regarded as part of the text of Mark, since it receives little support from the rest of the witnesses and because D especially is prone to expand the wording of a text.
[14:42] 36 tn Grk “the one who betrays me.”
[14:43] 37 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:43] 38 tn Or “approached.” This is a different verb than the one translated “arrived” in Matt 26:47 and below in v. 45, although in this context the meanings probably overlap.
[14:43] 39 tn Or “from the chief priests, scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 1:22.
[14:44] 40 tn Grk “the one who betrays him.”
[14:44] 41 sn This remark is parenthetical within the narrative and has thus been placed in parentheses.
[14:45] 42 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Judas) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:45] 43 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:45] 44 sn Judas’ act of betrayal when he kissed Jesus is especially sinister when it is realized that it was common in the culture of the times for a disciple to kiss his master when greeting him.
[14:46] 45 tn Grk “put their hands on him.”
[14:47] 46 tn See the note on the word “slave” in 10:44.
[14:48] 47 tn Or “a revolutionary.” This term can refer to one who stirs up rebellion: BDAG 594 s.v. λῃστής 2 has “revolutionary, insurrectionist,” citing evidence from Josephus (J. W. 2.13.2-3 [2.253-254]). However, this usage generally postdates Jesus’ time. It does refer to a figure of violence. Luke uses the same term for the highwaymen who attack the traveler in the parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:30).
[14:49] 48 tn Grk “and”; καί (kai) is elastic enough to be used contrastively on occasion, as here.
[14:49] 49 tn Grk “But so that”; the verb “has happened” is implied.
[14:50] 50 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[14:50] 51 tn Grk “they”; the referent (Jesus’ disciples) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:52] 52 sn The statement he ran off naked is probably a reference to Mark himself, traditionally assumed to be the author of this Gospel. Why he was wearing only an outer garment and not the customary tunic as well is not mentioned. W. L. Lane, Mark (NICNT), 527-28, says that Mark probably mentioned this episode so as to make it clear that “all fled, leaving Jesus alone in the custody of the police.”
