Matthew 13:6

13:6 But when the sun came up, they were scorched, and because they did not have sufficient root, they withered.

Matthew 5:45

5:45 so that you may be like ¹  your Father in heaven, since he causes the sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.

Matthew 13:43

13:43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. ²  The one who has ears had better listen! ³ 

Matthew 17:2

17:2 And he was transfigured before them. ⁴  His ⁵  face shone like the sun, and his clothes became white as light.

Matthew 24:29

The Arrival of the Son of Man

24:29 “Immediately ⁶  after the suffering ⁷  of those days, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of heaven will be shaken. ⁸ 

[5:45]  ¹ tn Grk “be sons of your Father in heaven.” Here, however, the focus is not on attaining a relationship (becoming a child of God) but rather on being the kind of person who shares the characteristics of God himself (a frequent meaning of the Semitic idiom “son of”). See L&N 58.26.

[13:43]  ¹ sn An allusion to Dan 12:3.

[13:43]  ² tn The translation “had better listen!” captures the force of the third person imperative more effectively than the traditional “let him hear,” which sounds more like a permissive than an imperative to the modern English reader. This was Jesus’ common expression to listen and heed carefully (cf. Matt 11:15, 13:9; Mark 4:9, 23; Luke 8:8, 14:35).

[17:2]  ¹ sn In 1st century Judaism and in the NT, there was the belief that the righteous get new, glorified bodies in order to enter heaven (1 Cor 15:42-49; 2 Cor 5:1-10). This transformation means the righteous will share the glory of God. One recalls the way Moses shared the Lord’s glory after his visit to the mountain in Exod 34. So the disciples saw Jesus transfigured, and they were getting a sneak preview of the great glory that Jesus would have (only his glory is more inherent to him as one who shares in the rule of the kingdom).

[17:2]  ² tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

[24:29]  ¹ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[24:29]  ² tn Traditionally, “tribulation.”

[24:29]  ³ sn An allusion to Isa 13:10, 34:4 (LXX); Joel 2:10. The heavens were seen as the abode of heavenly forces, so their shaking indicates distress in the spiritual realm. Although some take the powers as a reference to bodies in the heavens (like stars and planets, “the heavenly bodies,” NIV) this is not as likely.