Discovery BoxPsalms 118:22-23
Context118:22 The stone which the builders discarded 1
has become the cornerstone. 2
118:23 This is the Lord’s work.
We consider it amazing! 3
Isaiah 28:16
Context28:16 Therefore, this is what the sovereign master, the Lord, says:
“Look, I am laying 4 a stone in Zion,
an approved 5 stone,
set in place as a precious cornerstone for the foundation. 6
The one who maintains his faith will not panic. 7
Matthew 21:42-45
Context21:42 Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the scriptures:
‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 8
This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’? 9
21:43 For this reason I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken from you and given to a people 10 who will produce its fruit. 21:44 The one who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, and the one on whom it falls will be crushed.” 11 21:45 When 12 the chief priests and the Pharisees 13 heard his parables, they realized that he was speaking about them.
Mark 12:10-12
Context12:10 Have you not read this scripture:
‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 14
12:11 This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?” 15
12:12 Now 16 they wanted to arrest him (but they feared the crowd), because they realized that he told this parable against them. So 17 they left him and went away. 18
Luke 20:16-18
Context20:16 He will come and destroy 19 those tenants and give the vineyard to others.” 20 When the people 21 heard this, they said, “May this never happen!” 22 20:17 But Jesus 23 looked straight at them and said, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’? 24 20:18 Everyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, 25 and the one on whom it falls will be crushed.” 26
Luke 20:1
Context20:1 Now one 27 day, as Jesus 28 was teaching the people in the temple courts 29 and proclaiming 30 the gospel, the chief priests and the experts in the law 31 with the elders came up 32
Luke 2:6-8
Context2:6 While 33 they were there, the time came for her to deliver her child. 34 2:7 And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in strips of cloth 35 and laid him in a manger, 36 because there was no place for them in the inn. 37
2:8 Now 38 there were shepherds 39 nearby 40 living out in the field, keeping guard 41 over their flock at night.
[118:22] 2 tn Heb “the head of the corner.”
[118:23] 3 tn Heb “it is amazing in our eyes.” The use of the plural pronoun here and in vv. 24-27 suggests that the psalmist may be speaking for the entire nation. However, it is more likely that vv. 22-27 are the people’s response to the psalmist’s thanksgiving song (see especially v. 26). They rejoice with him because his deliverance on the battlefield (see vv. 10-12) had national repercussions.
[28:16] 5 tc The Hebrew text has a third person verb form, which does not agree with the first person suffix that precedes. The form should be emended to יֹסֵד (yosed), a Qal active participle used in a present progressive or imminent future sense.
[28:16] 6 tn Traditionally “tested,” but the implication is that it has passed the test and stands approved.
[28:16] 7 sn The reality behind the metaphor is not entirely clear from the context. The stone appears to represent someone or something that gives Zion stability. Perhaps the ideal Davidic ruler is in view (see 32:1). Another option is that the image of beginning a building project by laying a precious cornerstone suggests that God is about to transform Zion through judgment and begin a new covenant community that will experience his protection (see 4:3-6; 31:5; 33:20-24; 35:10).
[28:16] 8 tn Heb “will not hurry,” i.e., act in panic.
[21:42] 7 tn Or “capstone,” “keystone.” Although these meanings are lexically possible, the imagery in Eph 2:20-22 and 1 Cor 3:11 indicates that the term κεφαλὴ γωνίας (kefalh gwnia") refers to a cornerstone, not a capstone.
[21:42] 8 sn A quotation from Ps 118:22-23.
[21:43] 9 tn Or “to a nation” (so KJV, NASB, NLT).
[21:44] 11 tc A few witnesses, especially of the Western text (D 33 it sys Or Eussyr), do not contain 21:44. However, the verse is found in א B C L W Z (Θ) 0102 Ë1,13 Ï lat syc,p,h co and should be included as authentic.
[21:45] 13 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
[21:45] 14 sn See the note on Pharisees in 3:7.
[12:10] 15 tn Or “capstone,” “keystone.” Although these meanings are lexically possible, the imagery in Eph 2:20-22 and 1 Cor 3:11 indicates that the term κεφαλὴ γωνίας (kefalh gwnia") refers to a cornerstone, not a capstone.
[12:11] 17 sn A quotation from Ps 118:22-23.
[12:12] 19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to introduce a somewhat parenthetical remark by the author.
[12:12] 20 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of previous action(s) in the narrative.
[12:12] 21 sn The point of the parable in Mark 12:1-12 is that the leaders of the nation have been rejected by God and the vineyard (v. 9, referring to the nation and its privileged status) will be taken from them and given to others (an allusion to the Gentiles).
[20:16] 21 sn The statement that the owner will come and destroy those tenants is a promise of judgment; see Luke 13:34-35; 19:41-44.
[20:16] 22 sn The warning that the owner would give the vineyard to others suggests that the care of the promise and the nation’s hope would be passed to others. This eventually looks to Gentile inclusion; see Eph 2:11-22.
[20:16] 23 tn Grk “they”; the referent (the people addressed in v. 9) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[20:16] 24 sn May this never happen! Jesus’ audience got the point and did not want to consider a story where the nation would suffer judgment.
[20:17] 23 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[20:17] 24 tn Or “capstone,” “keystone.” Although these meanings are lexically possible, the imagery in Eph 2:20-22 and 1 Cor 3:11 indicates that the term κεφαλὴ γωνίας (kefalh gwnia") refers to a cornerstone, not a capstone.
[20:18] 25 tn On this term, see BDAG 972 s.v. συνθλάω.
[20:18] 26 tn Grk “on whomever it falls, it will crush him.”
[20:1] 27 tn Grk “Now it happened that one.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
[20:1] 28 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[20:1] 29 tn Grk “the temple.”
[20:1] 31 tn Or “and the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.
[20:1] 32 sn The chief priests and the experts in the law with the elders came up. The description is similar to Luke 19:47. The leaders are really watching Jesus at this point.
[2:6] 29 tn Grk “And it happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[2:6] 30 tn The words “her child” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to clarify what was being delivered. The wording here is like Luke 1:57. Grk “the days for her to give birth were fulfilled.”
[2:7] 31 sn The strips of cloth (traditionally, “swaddling cloths”) were strips of linen that would be wrapped around the arms and legs of an infant to keep the limbs protected.
[2:7] 32 tn Or “a feeding trough.”
[2:7] 33 tn The Greek word κατάλυμα is flexible, and usage in the LXX and NT refers to a variety of places for lodging (see BDAG 521 s.v.). Most likely Joseph and Mary sought lodging in the public accommodations in the city of Bethlehem (see J. Nolland, Luke [WBC], 1:105), which would have been crude shelters for people and animals. However, it has been suggested by various scholars that Joseph and Mary were staying with relatives in Bethlehem (e.g., C. S. Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, 194; B. Witherington, “Birth of Jesus,” DJG, 69-70); if that were so the term would refer to the guest room in the relatives’ house, which would have been filled beyond capacity with all the other relatives who had to journey to Bethlehem for the census.
[2:8] 33 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
[2:8] 34 sn Some argue that shepherds were among the culturally despised, but the evidence for this view of shepherds is late, coming from 5th century Jewish materials. December 25 as the celebrated date of Jesus’ birth arose around the time of Constantine (ca.
[2:8] 35 tn Grk “in that region.”
[2:8] 36 tn Grk “living in the field (see BDAG 15 s.v. ἀγραυλέω) and guarding their flock.”
