Psalms 69:19-21

69:19 You know how I am insulted, humiliated and disgraced;

you can see all my enemies. ¹ 

69:20 Their insults are painful ²  and make me lose heart; ³ 

I look ⁴  for sympathy, but receive none, ⁵ 

for comforters, but find none.

69:21 They put bitter poison ⁶  into my food,

and to quench my thirst they give me vinegar to drink. ⁷ 

[69:19]  ¹ tn Heb “before you [are] all my enemies.”

[69:20]  ² tn Heb “break my heart.” The “heart” is viewed here as the origin of the psalmist’s emotions.

[69:20]  ³ tn The verb form appears to be a Qal preterite from an otherwise unattested root נוּשׁ (nush), which some consider an alternate form of אָנַשׁ (’anash, “be weak; be sick”; see BDB 60 s.v. I אָנַשׁ). Perhaps the form should be emended to a Niphal, וָאֵאָנְשָׁה (va’e’onshah, “and I am sick”). The Niphal of אָנַשׁ occurs in 2 Sam 12:15, where it is used to describe David’s sick child.

[69:20]  ⁴ tn Heb “wait.”

[69:20]  ⁵ tn Heb “and I wait for sympathy, but there is none.” The form נוּד (nud) is an infinitive functioning as a verbal noun:, “sympathizing.” Some suggest emending the form to a participle נָד (nad, “one who shows sympathy”). The verb נוּד (nud) also has the nuance “show sympathy” in Job 2:11; 42:11 and Isa 51:19.

[69:21]  ⁶ tn According to BDB 912 s.v. II רֹאשׁ the term can mean “a bitter and poisonous plant.”

[69:21]  ⁷ sn John 19:28-30 appears to understand Jesus’ experience on the cross as a fulfillment of this passage (or Ps 22:15). See the study note on the word “thirsty” in John 19:28.