Revelation 14:17

14:17 Then ¹  another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle.

Revelation 14:20

14:20 Then ²  the winepress was stomped ³  outside the city, and blood poured out of the winepress up to the height of horses’ bridles ⁴  for a distance of almost two hundred miles. ⁵ 

Revelation 16:17

16:17 Finally ⁶  the seventh angel ⁷  poured out his bowl into the air and a loud voice came out of the temple from the throne, saying: “It is done!”

Revelation 6:2

6:2 So ⁸  I looked, ⁹  and here came ¹⁰  a white horse! The ¹¹  one who rode it ¹²  had a bow, and he was given a crown, ¹³  and as a conqueror ¹⁴  he rode out to conquer.

Revelation 6:4

6:4 And another horse, fiery red, ¹⁵  came out, and the one who rode it ¹⁶  was granted permission ¹⁷  to take peace from the earth, so that people would butcher ¹⁸  one another, and he was given a huge sword.

Revelation 19:5

19:5 Then ¹⁹  a voice came from the throne, saying:

“Praise our God

all you his servants,

and all you who fear Him,

both the small and the great!”

Revelation 14:15

14:15 Then ²⁰  another angel came out of the temple, shouting in a loud voice to the one seated on the cloud, “Use ²¹  your sickle and start to reap, ²²  because the time to reap has come, since the earth’s harvest is ripe!”

Revelation 14:18

14:18 Another ²³  angel, who was in charge of ²⁴  the fire, came from the altar and called in a loud voice to the angel ²⁵  who had the sharp sickle, “Use ²⁶  your sharp sickle and gather ²⁷  the clusters of grapes ²⁸  off the vine of the earth, ²⁹  because its grapes ³⁰  are now ripe.” ³¹ 

[14:17]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[14:20]  ² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[14:20]  ³ sn The winepress was stomped. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process).

[14:20]  ⁴ tn L&N 6.7 states, “In Re 14:20 the reference to a bit and bridle is merely an indication of measurement, that is to say, the height of the bit and bridle from the ground, and one may reinterpret this measurement as ‘about a meter and a half’ or ‘about five feet.’”

[14:20]  ⁵ tn Grk “1,600 stades.” A stade was a measure of length about 607 ft (185 m). Thus the distance here would be 184 mi or 296 km.

[16:17]  ³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “finally” to indicate the conclusion of the seven bowl judgments.

[16:17]  ⁴ tn Grk “the seventh”; the referent (the seventh angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:2]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of hearing the voice summon the first rider.

[6:2]  ⁵ tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) as mentioned in the text-critical note on 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:2]  ⁶ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:2]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:2]  ⁸ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:2]  ⁹ sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[6:2]  ¹⁰ tn The participle νικῶν (nikwn) has been translated as substantival, the subject of the verb ἐξῆλθεν (exhlqen). Otherwise, as an adverbial participle of manner, it is somewhat redundant: “he rode out conquering and to conquer.”

[6:4]  ⁵ tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”

[6:4]  ⁶ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:4]  ⁷ tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”

[6:4]  ⁸ tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”

[19:5]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[14:15]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[14:15]  ⁸ tn Grk “Send out.”

[14:15]  ⁹ tn The aorist θέρισον (qerison) has been translated ingressively.

[14:18]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[14:18]  ⁹ tn Grk “who had authority over.” This appears to be the angel who tended the fire on the altar.

[14:18]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “to the one having the sharp sickle”; the referent (the angel in v. 17) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:18]  ¹¹ tn Grk “Send.”

[14:18]  ¹² tn On this term BDAG 1018 s.v. τρυγάω states: “‘gather in’ ripe fruit, esp. harvest (grapes) w. acc. of the fruit (POslo. 21, 13 [71 ad]; Jos., Ant. 4, 227) Lk 6:44; Rv 14:18 (in imagery, as in the foll. places)…W. acc. of that which bears the fruit gather the fruit of the vine…or the vineyard (s. ἄμπελος a) Rv 14:19.”

[14:18]  ¹³ tn On this term BDAG 181 s.v. βότρυς states, “bunch of grapes Rv 14:18…The word is also found in the Phrygian Papias of Hierapolis, in a passage in which he speaks of the enormous size of the grapes in the new aeon (in the Lat. transl. in Irenaeus 5, 33, 2f.): dena millia botruum Papias (1:2). On this see Stephan. Byz. s.v. Εὐκαρπία: Metrophanes says that in the district of Εὐκαρπία in Phrygia Minor the grapes were said to be so large that one bunch of them caused a wagon to break down in the middle.”

[14:18]  ¹⁴ tn The genitive τῆς γῆς (ths ghs), taken symbolically, could be considered a genitive of apposition.

[14:18]  ¹⁵ tn Or perhaps, “its bunches of grapes” (a different Greek word from the previous clause). L&N 3.38 states, “the fruit of grapevines (see 3.27) – ‘grape, bunch of grapes.’ τρύγησον τοὺς βότρυας τῆς ἀμπέλου τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἤκμασαν αἱ σταφυλαὶ αὐτῆς ‘cut the grapes from the vineyard of the earth because its grapes are ripe’ Re 14:18. Some scholars have contended that βότρυς means primarily a bunch of grapes, while σταφυλή designates individual grapes. In Re 14:18 this difference might seem plausible, but there is scarcely any evidence for such a distinction, since both words may signify grapes as well as bunches of grapes.”

[14:18]  ¹⁶ tn On the use of ἥκμασαν (hkmasan) BDAG 36 s.v. ἀκμάζω states, “to bloom…of grapes…Rv 14:18.”