Revelation 2:12

To the Church in Pergamum

2:12 “To ¹  the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following: ² 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ³  the one who has the sharp double-edged sword: ⁴ 

Revelation 2:16

2:16 Therefore, ⁵  repent! If not, I will come against you quickly and make war against those people ⁶  with the sword of my mouth.

Revelation 1:16

1:16 He held ⁷  seven stars in his right hand, and a sharp double-edged sword extended out of his mouth. His ⁸  face shone like the sun shining at full strength.

Revelation 19:21

19:21 The ⁹  others were killed by the sword that extended from the mouth of the one who rode the horse, and all the birds gorged ¹⁰  themselves with their flesh.

Revelation 6:8

6:8 So ¹¹  I looked ¹²  and here came ¹³  a pale green ¹⁴  horse! The ¹⁵  name of the one who rode it ¹⁶  was Death, and Hades followed right behind. ¹⁷  They ¹⁸  were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill its population with the sword, ¹⁹  famine, and disease, ²⁰  and by the wild animals of the earth.

Revelation 19:15

19:15 From his mouth extends a sharp sword, so that with it he can strike the nations. ²¹  He ²²  will rule ²³  them with an iron rod, ²⁴  and he stomps the winepress ²⁵  of the furious ²⁶  wrath of God, the All-Powerful. ²⁷ 

[2:12]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[2:12]  ² tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[2:12]  ³ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[2:12]  ⁴ sn On the sharp double-edged sword see 1:16.

[2:16]  ⁵ tc The “therefore” (οὖν, oun) is not found in א 2053 2329 2351 Ï^A or the Latin mss. It is, however, included in impressive witnesses such as {A C 046 1006 1611 sy^p,h co}. Though the conjunction looks at first glance like a scribal clarification, its omission may be explained on the basis of its similarity to the last three letters of the verb “repent” (μετανόησον, metanohson; since οὖν is a postpositive conjunction in Greek, the final three letters of the verb [-σον, -son] would have been immediately followed by ουν). A scribe could have simply passed over the conjunction in his copy when he saw the last three letters of the imperative verb. A decision is difficult, however, because of the motivation to add to the text and the quality of witnesses that lack the conjunction.

[2:16]  ⁶ tn Grk “with them”; the referent (those people who follow the teaching of Balaam and the Nicolaitans) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:16]  ⁹ tn Grk “and having.” In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence, but because contemporary English style employs much shorter sentences, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the pronoun “he.”

[1:16]  ¹⁰ tn This is a continuation of the previous sentence in the Greek text, but a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[19:21]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[19:21]  ¹⁴ tn On the translation of ἐχορτάσθησαν (ecortasqhsan) BDAG 1087 s.v. χορτάζω 1.a states, “of animals, pass. in act. sense πάντα τὰ ὄρνεα ἐχορτάσθησαν ἐκ τῶν σαρκῶν αὐτῶν all the birds gorged themselves with their flesh Rv 19:21 (cp. TestJud. 21:8).”

[6:8]  ¹⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the summons by the fourth creature.

[6:8]  ¹⁸ tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to have come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) in 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:8]  ¹⁹ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:8]  ²⁰ tn A sickly pallor, when referring to persons, or the green color of plants. BDAG 1085 s.v. χλωρός 2 states, “pale, greenish gray…as the color of a pers. in sickness contrasted with appearance in health…so the horse ridden by Death…ἵππος χλωρός Rv 6:8.” Because the color of the horse is symbolic, “pale green” is used in the translation. Cf. NIV, NCV “pale”; NASB “ashen.”

[6:8]  ²¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:8]  ²² tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:8]  ²³ tn Grk “And Hades was following with him.” The Greek expression μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ (met’ autou, “with him”) is Semitic and indicates close proximity. The translation “followed right behind” reflects this.

[6:8]  ²⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[6:8]  ²⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:8]  ²⁶ tn Grk “with death.” θάνατος (qanatos) can in particular contexts refer to a manner of death, specifically a contagious disease (see BDAG 443 s.v. 3; L&N 23.158).

[19:15]  ²¹ tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

[19:15]  ²² tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[19:15]  ²³ tn Grk “will shepherd.”

[19:15]  ²⁴ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

[19:15]  ²⁵ sn He stomps the winepress. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process), and Rev 14:20.

[19:15]  ²⁶ tn The genitive θυμοῦ (qumou) has been translated as an attributed genitive. Following BDAG 461 s.v. θυμός 2, the combination of the genitives of θυμός (qumos) and ὀργή (orgh) in Rev 16:19 and 19:15 are taken to be a strengthening of the thought as in the OT and Qumran literature (Exod 32:12; Jer 32:37; Lam 2:3; CD 10:9).

[19:15]  ²⁷ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”