Revelation 4:10

4:10 the twenty-four elders throw themselves to the ground ¹  before the one who sits on the throne and worship the one who lives forever and ever, and they offer their crowns ²  before his ³  throne, saying:

Revelation 13:12

13:12 He ⁴  exercised all the ruling authority ⁵  of the first beast on his behalf, ⁶  and made the earth and those who inhabit it worship the first beast, the one whose lethal wound had been healed.

Revelation 13:15

13:15 The second beast ⁷  was empowered ⁸  to give life ⁹  to the image of the first beast ¹⁰  so that it could speak, and could cause all those who did not worship the image of the beast to be killed.

Revelation 15:4

15:4 Who will not fear you, O Lord,

and glorify ¹¹  your name, because you alone are holy? ¹² 

All nations ¹³  will come and worship before you

for your righteous acts ¹⁴  have been revealed.”

Revelation 22:8

22:8 I, John, am the one who heard and saw these things, ¹⁵  and when I heard and saw them, ¹⁶  I threw myself down ¹⁷  to worship at the feet of the angel who was showing them to me.

[4:10]  ¹ tn Grk “the twenty-four elders fall down.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”

[4:10]  ² sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[4:10]  ³ tn The pronoun “his” is understood from the demonstrative force of the article τοῦ (tou) before θρόνου (qronou).

[13:12]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:12]  ⁵ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[13:12]  ⁶ tn For this meaning see BDAG 342 s.v. ἐνώπιον 4.b, “by the authority of, on behalf of Rv 13:12, 14; 19:20.”

[13:15]  ⁷ tn Grk “it”; the referent (the second beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:15]  ⁸ tn Grk “it was given [permitted] to it [the second beast].”

[13:15]  ⁹ tn Grk “breath,” but in context the point is that the image of the first beast is made to come to life and speak.

[13:15]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “of the beast”; the word “first” has been supplied to specify the referent.

[15:4]  ¹⁰ tn Or “and praise.”

[15:4]  ¹¹ sn Because you alone are holy. In the Greek text the sentence literally reads “because alone holy.” Three points can be made in connection with John’s language here: (1) Omitting the second person, singular verb “you are” lays stress on the attribute of God’s holiness. (2) The juxtaposition of alone with holy stresses the unique nature of God’s holiness and complete “otherness” in relationship to his creation. It is not just moral purity which is involved in the use of the term holy, though it certainly includes that. It is also the pervasive OT idea that although God is deeply involved in the governing of his creation, he is to be regarded as separate and distinct from it. (3) John’s use of the term holy is also intriguing since it is the term ὅσιος (Josios) and not the more common NT term ἅγιος (Jagios). The former term evokes images of Christ’s messianic status in early Christian preaching. Both Peter in Acts 2:27 and Paul in Acts 13:35 apply Psalm 16:10 (LXX) to Jesus, referring to him as the “holy one” (ὅσιος). It is also the key term in Acts 13:34 (Isa 55:3 [LXX]) where it refers to the “holy blessings” (i.e., forgiveness and justification) brought about through Jesus in fulfillment of Davidic promise. Thus, in Rev 15:3-4, when John refers to God as “holy,” using the term ὅσιος in a context where the emphasis is on both God and Christ, there might be an implicit connection between divinity and the Messiah. This is bolstered by the fact that the Lamb is referred to in other contexts as the King of Kings and Lord of Lords (cf. 1:5; 17:14; 19:16 and perhaps 11:15; G. K. Beale, Revelation [NIGTC], 796-97).

[15:4]  ¹² tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

[15:4]  ¹³ tn Or perhaps, “your sentences of condemnation.” On δικαίωμα (dikaiwma) in this context BDAG 249 s.v. 2. states, “righteous deed…δι᾿ ἑνὸς δικαιώματος (opp. παράπτωμα) Ro 5:18. – B 1:2 (cp. Wengst, Barnabas-brief 196, n.4); Rv 15:4 (here perh.= ‘sentence of condemnation’ [cp. Pla., Leg. 9, 864e; ins fr. Asia Minor: LBW 41, 2 [κατὰ] τὸ δι[καί]ωμα τὸ κυρω[θέν]= ‘acc. to the sentence which has become valid’]; difft. Wengst, s. above); 19:8.”

[22:8]  ¹³ tn Or “I am John, the one who heard and saw these things.”

[22:8]  ¹⁴ tn The pronoun “them” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

[22:8]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “I fell down and worshiped at the feet.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”