Text -- 1 Samuel 30:1-17 (NET)

David Defeats the Amalekites

30:1 On the third day David and his men came to Ziklag. Now the Amalekites had raided the Negev and Ziklag. They attacked Ziklag and burned it. 30:2 They took captive the women who were in it, from the youngest to the oldest, but they did not kill anyone. They simply carried them off and went on their way. 30:3 When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned. Their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive. 30:4 Then David and the men who were with him wept loudly until they could weep no more. 30:5 David’s two wives had been taken captive– Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the Carmelite, Nabal’s widow. 30:6 David was very upset, for the men were thinking of stoning him; each man grieved bitterly over his sons and daughters. But David drew strength from the Lord his God. 30:7 Then David said to the priest Abiathar son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 30:8 David inquired of the Lord, saying, “Should I pursue this raiding band? Will I overtake them?” He said to him, “Pursue, for you will certainly overtake them and carry out a rescue!” 30:9 So David went, accompanied by his six hundred men. When he came to the Wadi Besor, those who were in the rear stayed there. 30:10 David and four hundred men continued the pursuit, but two hundred men who were too exhausted to cross the Wadi Besor stayed there. 30:11 Then they found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David. They gave him bread to eat and water to drink. 30:12 They gave him a slice of pressed figs and two bunches of raisins to eat. This greatly refreshed him, for he had not eaten food or drunk water for three days and three nights. 30:13 David said to him, “To whom do you belong, and where are you from?” The young man said, “I am an Egyptian, the servant of an Amalekite man. My master abandoned me when I was ill for three days. 30:14 We conducted a raid on the Negev of the Kerethites, on the area of Judah, and on the Negev of Caleb. We burned Ziklag.” 30:15 David said to him, “Can you take us down to this raiding party?” He said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or hand me over to my master, and I will take you down to this raiding party.” 30:16 So he took David down, and they found them spread out over the land. They were eating and drinking and enjoying themselves because of all the loot they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 30:17 But David struck them down from twilight until the following evening. None of them escaped, with the exception of four hundred young men who got away on camels.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:1

¹ tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:3

¹ tn Heb “and David and his men came to the city, and look, it was burned with fire.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:4

¹ tn Heb “people.”

² tn Heb “lifted up their voice and wept.”

³ tn Heb “until there was no longer in them strength to weep.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:6

¹ tn Heb “people.”

² tn Heb “said to stone him.”

³ tn Heb “for bitter was the soul of all the people, each one.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:9

¹ tn Heb “stood.” So also in v. 10.

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:12

¹ tn Heb “his spirit returned to him.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:14

¹ tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:16

¹ tn Heb “him”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “because of all the large plunder.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 30:17

¹ tn Heb “who rode on camels and fled.”