2Ch 29:1-36 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- 2 Chronicles 29:1-36 (NET)

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Context

Hezekiah Consecrates the Temple

29:1 Hezekiah was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His mother was Abijah, the daughter of Zechariah. 29:2 He did what the Lord approved, just as his ancestor David had done. 29:3 In the first month of the first year of his reign, he opened the doors of the Lord’s temple and repaired them. 29:4 He brought in the priests and Levites and assembled them in the square on the east side. 29:5 He said to them: “Listen to me, you Levites! Now consecrate yourselves, so you can consecrate the temple of the Lord God of your ancestors! Remove from the sanctuary what is ceremonially unclean! 29:6 For our fathers were unfaithful; they did what is evil in the sight of the Lord our God and abandoned him! They turned away from the Lord’s dwelling place and rejected him. 29:7 They closed the doors of the temple porch and put out the lamps; they did not offer incense or burnt sacrifices in the sanctuary of the God of Israel. 29:8 The Lord was angry at Judah and Jerusalem and made them an appalling object of horror at which people hiss out their scorn, as you can see with your own eyes. 29:9 Look, our fathers died violently and our sons, daughters, and wives were carried off because of this. 29:10 Now I intend to make a covenant with the Lord God of Israel, so that he may relent from his raging anger. 29:11 My sons, do not be negligent now, for the Lord has chosen you to serve in his presence and offer sacrifices.” 29:12 The following Levites prepared to carry out the king’s orders: From the Kohathites: Mahath son of Amasai and Joel son of Azariah; from the Merarites: Kish son of Abdi and Azariah son of Jehallelel; from the Gershonites: Joah son of Zimmah and Eden son of Joah; 29:13 from the descendants of Elizaphan: Shimri and Jeiel; from the descendants of Asaph: Zechariah and Mattaniah; 29:14 from the descendants of Heman: Jehiel and Shimei; from the descendants of Jeduthun: Shemaiah and Uzziel. 29:15 They assembled their brothers and consecrated themselves. Then they went in to purify the Lord’s temple, just as the king had ordered, in accordance with the word of the Lord. 29:16 The priests then entered the Lord’s temple to purify it; they brought out to the courtyard of the Lord’s temple every ceremonially unclean thing they discovered inside. The Levites took them out to the Kidron Valley. 29:17 On the first day of the first month they began consecrating; by the eighth day of the month they reached the porch of the Lord’s temple. For eight more days they consecrated the Lord’s temple. On the sixteenth day of the first month they were finished. 29:18 They went to King Hezekiah and said: “We have purified the entire temple of the Lord, including the altar of burnt sacrifice and all its equipment, and the table for the Bread of the Presence and all its equipment. 29:19 We have prepared and consecrated all the items that King Ahaz removed during his reign when he acted unfaithfully. They are in front of the altar of the Lord.” 29:20 Early the next morning King Hezekiah assembled the city officials and went up to the Lord’s temple. 29:21 They brought seven bulls, seven rams, seven lambs, and seven goats as a sin offering for the kingdom, the sanctuary, and Judah. The king told the priests, the descendants of Aaron, to offer burnt sacrifices on the altar of the Lord. 29:22 They slaughtered the bulls, and the priests took the blood and splashed it on the altar. Then they slaughtered the rams and splashed the blood on the altar; next they slaughtered the lambs and splashed the blood on the altar. 29:23 Finally they brought the goats for the sin offering before the king and the assembly, and they placed their hands on them. 29:24 Then the priests slaughtered them. They offered their blood as a sin offering on the altar to make atonement for all Israel, because the king had decreed that the burnt sacrifice and sin offering were for all Israel. 29:25 King Hezekiah stationed the Levites in the Lord’s temple with cymbals and stringed instruments, just as David, Gad the king’s prophet, and Nathan the prophet had ordered. (The Lord had actually given these orders through his prophets.) 29:26 The Levites had David’s musical instruments and the priests had trumpets. 29:27 Hezekiah ordered the burnt sacrifice to be offered on the altar. As they began to offer the sacrifice, they also began to sing to the Lord, accompanied by the trumpets and the musical instruments of King David of Israel. 29:28 The entire assembly worshiped, as the singers sang and the trumpeters played. They continued until the burnt sacrifice was completed. 29:29 When the sacrifices were completed, the king and all who were with him bowed down and worshiped. 29:30 King Hezekiah and the officials told the Levites to praise the Lord, using the psalms of David and Asaph the prophet. So they joyfully offered praise and bowed down and worshiped. 29:31 Hezekiah said, “Now you have consecrated yourselves to the Lord. Come and bring sacrifices and thank offerings to the Lord’s temple.” So the assembly brought sacrifices and thank offerings, and whoever desired to do so brought burnt sacrifices. 29:32 The assembly brought a total of 70 bulls, 100 rams, and 200 lambs as burnt sacrifices to the Lord, 29:33 and 600 bulls and 3,000 sheep were consecrated. 29:34 But there were not enough priests to skin all the animals, so their brothers, the Levites, helped them until the work was finished and the priests could consecrate themselves. (The Levites had been more conscientious about consecrating themselves than the priests.) 29:35 There was a large number of burnt sacrifices, as well as fat from the peace offerings and drink offerings that accompanied the burnt sacrifices. So the service of the Lord’s temple was reinstituted. 29:36 Hezekiah and all the people were happy about what God had done for them, for it had been done quickly.

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Aaron a son of Amram; brother of Moses,son of Amram (Kohath Levi); patriarch of Israel's priests,the clan or priestly line founded by Aaron

· Abdi a Levite of Merari's clan; forefather of Ethan and Kish.,an Israelite descended from Elam who put away his heathen wife

· Abijah the son and successor of King Rehoboam

· Ahaz a son of Jotham; listed as an ancestor of Jesus,son and successor of King Jotham of Judah,son of Micah of Benjamin

· Amasai son of Azarel/Adiel; head of the priestly clan of Immer

· Asaph father of Joah, Hezekiah's recorder,son of Berechiah the Levite; music minister under David,father of Zichri; a Levite ancestor of some returnees,an official over the (Persian) king's forest in Judah

· Azariah son of Ahimaaz; grandson and successor of Zadok I,son of Nathan; a priest who was chief of Solomons officers,son and successor of king Amaziah of Judah,son of Ethan son of Zerah of Judah,son of Jehu son of Obed of Judah,son of Johanan; descendant of Meraioth I,son of Hilkiah before the exile; high priest Azariah III,a descendant of Hilkiah the priest,son of Zephaniah/Uriel (Korah Levi); forefather of Samuel,son of Oded; prophet under King Asa,second son of Jehoshaphat; brother of King Jehoram,fifth son of Jehoshaphat; brother of King Jehoram,son of Jeroham; a commander who helped enthrone Joash,son of Obed; a commander who helped enthrone Joash,the priest who confronted Uzziah for offering incense,a chief of Ephraim under Israel's King Pekah,father of Joel (Kohath Levi), who served under Hezekiah,son of Jehallelel (Merari Levi). He served under Hezekiah,chief priest, of Zadok's line, under Hezekiah,son of Maaseiah son of Ananiah; a repairer of Nehemiah's wall,a man who accompanied Zerubbabel back to the land of Judah,a scribe who helped Ezra explain the reading of the Law,a priest who signed the covenant to keep God's law,a prince of Judah who led praises to God on the new city wall,son of Hoshaiah; one of the leaders rebelling against Jeremiah,a man exiled from Judah and trained with Daniel in Babylon

· David a son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel,son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel

· Eden a place near where the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers meet (NIVsn),son of Joah (Gershon Levi) in King Hezekiah's time,a district along the Euphrates River south of Haran (NIVsn)

· Elizaphan son of Parnach, Moses' land distribution deputy for Zebulun,son of Uzziel son of Kohath son of Levi

· Gad the tribe of Israel descended from Gad, the son of Jacob,the man; the son of Jacob and Zilpah,the tribe of Gad in Israel,a prophet and long time advisor to King David

· Gershonites the clan of Gershom/Gershon of the tribe of Levi

· Hezekiah the son of Ahaz who succeeded him as king of Judah; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Ahaz; king of Judah,forefather of the prophet Zephaniah,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jeduthun a Levite whose descendants returned from exile

· Jehallelel a man who was a descendant of Judah,father of Azariah (Levi), chief temple cleaner under Hezekiah

· Jehuel son of Heman the Levite in Hezekiah's time

· Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin

· Jeuel a descendant of Shelah of Judah, who returned from exile with his family,one of the Levites of Elizaphan that King Hezekiah assigned to supervise the cleansing of the temple,head of a family group descended from Adonikam who returned from exile

· Joah son of Asaph; record keeper of King Hezekiah,son of Zimmah one of the Levites of Gershon whom, along with his son Eden, King Hezekiah assigned to supervise the cleansing of the temple,son of Obed-Edom; a Levite gatekeeper whose descendants returned from exile,son of Joahaz; record keeper of King Josiah

· Joel a son of Pethuel and a prophet to Judah,son of Samuel of Kohath son of Levi,head of a large influential family of Simeon in King Hezekiah's time,a powerful leader among the descendants of Reuben,a chief of the tribe of Gad,son of Azariah (Uzziah) of Kohath; one of the Levites that King Hezekiah assigned to supervise the cleansing of the temple,son of Izrahiah of Issachar,brother of Nathan; one of David's military elite,a Levitical chief of the descendants of Ladan under King David,son of Ladan and temple treasurer under King David,son of Pedaiah; David's chief officer over the tribe of Manasseh,a man who put away his heathen wife; an Israelite descended from Nebo,a man who lived in Jerusalem in Nehemiah's time; son of Zichri,son of Pethuel; a prophet who wrote the book of Joel

· Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Kidron a brook and its valley,a brook and valley between Jerusalem and the Mt. of Olives

· Kish the father of King Saul,son of Abiel of Benjamin; father of Saul,son of Jeiel of Benjamin; uncle of Kish the father of Saul,second son of Mahli (Merari Levi); recognized by King David as the only son through whom Mahli's clan was built,son of Abdi; one of the Levites of Merari that King Hezekiah assigned to supervise the cleansing of the temple,a man who was an ancestor of Mordecai; the father of Shimei

· Kohathites members of the clan of Kohath of Levi

· Levites relating to Levi and the priesthood given to him,a tribal name describing people and ceremonies as sacred

· Mahath son of Amasai (Kohath Levi), Hezekiah's chief temple restorer,officer in charge of the temple store house under King Hezekiah

· Mattaniah son and secondary successor of King Josiah,son of Mica/Micaiah; a Levite of Asaph,son of Heman the Levite and worship leader under Heman & David,an Asaph Levite supervisor of temple restoration of Hezekiah's,a layman of the Elam Clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Zattu Clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Pahath-Moab Clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani Clan who put away his heathen wife,ancestor of Hanan, assistant treasurer under Nehemiah

· Merari the clan of Merari of the tribe of Levi

· Nathan a son of David; the father of Mattatha; an ancestor of Jesus.,son of David and Bathsheba,brother of Joel in David's army; a prophet,father of Igal, one of David's military elite; a man from Zobah,father of Azariah and Zabud, priestly officials of King Solomon,son of Attai of Judah,brother of Joel, one of David's military elite,one of the leaders Ezra sent to Iddo to ask for recruits,a layman of the Binnui Clan who put away his heathen wife

· Shemaiah a prophet in the days of Rehoboam,son of Shecaniah (Hananiah Zerubbabel David Judah),forefather of Ziza, a prince of the tribe of Simeon,son of Joel of Reuben,son of Hasshub; a Levite leader of some returned exiles,son of Galal; a Levite whose descendants returned from exile,son of Elizaphan (Kohath Levi),son of Nethanel, a Levite and scribe in David's time,son of Obed-Edom; a pre-exile Levite gatekeeper,a Levite whom Jehoshaphat sent to teach the law around Judah,a Levite leader of the Jeduthun Clan in Hezekiah's time,a Levite manager of temple offerings under King Hezekiah,a chief officer of the house of God in Josiah's time,a leader of the Adonikam Clan back from exile,one of the leaders Ezra sent to Iddo to ask for recruits,a priest of the Harim Clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Harim Clan who put away his heathen wife,son of Shecaniah; keeper of the East Gate under Nehemiah,son of Delaiah son of Mehetabel; an agent of Nehemiah's enemies,son of Mattaniah; priestly leader among the returned exiles,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a priest who helped dedicate the wall,father of a prophet (Uriah?) from Kiriath-Jearim that Jehoiakim executed,a deceived leader in exile who demanded Jeremiah's execution,father of Delaiah, a prince of Judah in the time of Jehoiakim

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Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:1 The parallel passage in 2 Kgs 18:2 has “Abi.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:2 Heb “he did what was proper in the eyes of the Lord, according to all which David his father had done.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:5 Heb “fathers.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:6 Heb “and turned the back.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:8 Heb “and he made them [an object] of dread and devastation and hissing.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:9 Heb “are in captivity.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:10 Heb “so that the rage of his anger might turn from us.” The jussive with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the prec...

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:11 Heb “to stand before him to serve him and to be his servants and sacrificers.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:12 Heb “and the Levites arose.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:15 Heb “words” (plural).

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:16 Heb “in the temple of the Lord.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:17 Heb “porch of the Lord.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:21 Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:24 Heb “said.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:25 Or “seer.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:26 Heb “stood with” (i.e., stood holding).

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:30 Or “seer.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:31 Heb “and all who were willing of heart.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:32 Heb “and the number of burnt sacrifices which the assembly brought was seventy bulls, one hundred rams, two hundred lambs; for a burnt sacrifice...

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:33 The Hebrew term צֹאן (ts’on) denotes smaller livestock in general; depending on context it can refer to sheep only or go...

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:34 Heb “for the Levites were more pure of heart to consecrate themselves than the priests.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:35 Or “established.”

NET Notes: 2Ch 29:36 Heb “for quickly was the matter.”

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