Ephesians 3:6

3:6 namely, that through the gospel ¹  the Gentiles are fellow heirs, fellow members ²  of the body, and fellow partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus.

Galatians 3:26-28

3:26 For in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God through faith. ³  3:27 For all of you who ⁴  were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. 3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave ⁵  nor free, there is neither male nor female ⁶  – for all of you are one in Christ Jesus.

Galatians 4:26-31

4:26 But the Jerusalem above is free, ⁷  and she is our mother. 4:27 For it is written:

“Rejoice, O barren woman who does not bear children; ⁸ 

break forth and shout, you who have no birth pains,

because the children of the desolate woman are more numerous

than those of the woman who has a husband.” ⁹ 

4:28 But you, ¹⁰  brothers and sisters, ¹¹  are children of the promise like Isaac. 4:29 But just as at that time the one born by natural descent ¹²  persecuted the one born according to the Spirit, ¹³  so it is now. 4:30 But what does the scripture say? “Throw out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman will not share the inheritance with the son” ¹⁴  of the free woman. 4:31 Therefore, brothers and sisters, ¹⁵  we are not children of the slave woman but of the free woman.

Philippians 3:20

3:20 But our citizenship is in heaven – and we also await a savior from there, the Lord Jesus Christ,

Hebrews 12:22-24

12:22 But you have come to Mount Zion, the city ¹⁶  of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, to the assembly 12:23 and congregation of the firstborn, who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous, who have been made perfect, 12:24 and to Jesus, the mediator ¹⁷  of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks of something better than Abel’s does. ¹⁸ 

Revelation 21:12-26

21:12 It has ¹⁹  a massive, high wall ²⁰  with twelve gates, ²¹  with twelve angels at the gates, and the names of the twelve tribes of the nation of Israel ²²  are written on the gates. ²³  21:13 There are ²⁴  three gates on the east side, three gates on the north side, three gates on the south side and three gates on the west side. ²⁵  21:14 The ²⁶  wall of the city has twelve foundations, and on them are the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

21:15 The angel ²⁷  who spoke to me had a golden measuring rod with which to measure the city and its foundation stones and wall. 21:16 Now ²⁸  the city is laid out as a square, ²⁹  its length and width the same. He ³⁰  measured the city with the measuring rod ³¹  at fourteen hundred miles ³²  (its length and width and height are equal). 21:17 He also measured its wall, one hundred forty-four cubits ³³  according to human measurement, which is also the angel’s. ³⁴  21:18 The city’s ³⁵  wall is made ³⁶  of jasper and the city is pure gold, like transparent glass. ³⁷  21:19 The foundations of the city’s wall are decorated ³⁸  with every kind of precious stone. The first foundation is jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, ³⁹  the fourth emerald, 21:20 the fifth onyx, ⁴⁰  the sixth carnelian, ⁴¹  the seventh chrysolite, ⁴²  the eighth beryl, ⁴³  the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, ⁴⁴  the eleventh jacinth, ⁴⁵  and the twelfth amethyst. 21:21 And the twelve gates are twelve pearls – each one of the gates is made from just one pearl! The ⁴⁶  main street ⁴⁷  of the city is pure gold, like transparent glass.

21:22 Now ⁴⁸  I saw no temple in the city, because the Lord God – the All-Powerful ⁴⁹  – and the Lamb are its temple. 21:23 The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, because the glory of God lights it up, and its lamp is the Lamb. 21:24 The nations ⁵⁰  will walk by its light and the kings of the earth will bring their grandeur ⁵¹  into it. 21:25 Its gates will never be closed during the day ⁵²  (and ⁵³  there will be no night there). ⁵⁴  21:26 They will bring the grandeur and the wealth ⁵⁵  of the nations ⁵⁶  into it,

[3:6]  ¹ sn The phrase through the gospel is placed last in the sentence in Greek for emphasis. It has been moved forward for clarity.

[3:6]  ² tn Grk “and fellow members.”

[3:26]  ³ tn Or “For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus.”

[3:27]  ⁴ tn Grk “For as many of you as.”

[3:28]  ⁵ tn See the note on the word “slave” in 1:10.

[3:28]  ⁶ tn Grk “male and female.”

[4:26]  ⁷ sn The meaning of the statement the Jerusalem above is free is that the other woman represents the second covenant (cf. v. 24); she corresponds to the Jerusalem above that is free. Paul’s argument is very condensed at this point.

[4:27]  ⁸ tn The direct object “children” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied for clarity. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

[4:27]  ⁹ tn Grk “because more are the children of the barren one than of the one having a husband.”

[4:28]  ¹⁰ tc Most mss (א A C D² Ψ 062 Ï lat sy bo) read “we” here, while “you” is found in Ì⁴⁶ B D* F G 0261^vid 0278 33 1739 al sa. It is more likely that a copyist, noticing the first person pronouns in vv. 26 and 31, changed a second person pronoun here to first person for consistency.

[4:28]  ¹¹ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.

[4:29]  ¹² tn Grk “according to the flesh”; see the note on the phrase “by natural descent” in 4:23.

[4:29]  ¹³ tn Or “the one born by the Spirit’s [power].”

[4:30]  ¹⁴ sn A quotation from Gen 21:10. The phrase of the free woman does not occur in Gen 21:10.

[4:31]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.

[12:22]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “and the city”; the conjunction is omitted in translation since it seems to be functioning epexegetically – that is, explaining further what is meant by “Mount Zion.”

[12:24]  ¹⁷ tn The Greek word μεσίτης (mesith", “mediator”) in this context does not imply that Jesus was a mediator in the contemporary sense of the word, i.e., he worked for compromise between opposing parties. Here the term describes his function as the one who was used by God to enact a new covenant which established a new relationship between God and his people, but entirely on God’s terms.

[12:24]  ¹⁸ sn Abel’s shed blood cried out to the Lord for justice and judgment, but Jesus’ blood speaks of redemption and forgiveness, something better than Abel’s does (Gen 4:10; Heb 9:11-14; 11:4).

[21:12]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “jasper, having.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation.

[21:12]  ²⁰ tn Grk “a (city) wall great and high.”

[21:12]  ²¹ tn On this term BDAG 897 s.v. πυλών 1 states, “gate, esp. of the large, impressive gateways at the entrance of temples and palaces…of the entrances of the heavenly Jerusalem…οἱ πυλῶνες αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ κλεισθῶσιν its entrances shall never be shut Rv 21:25; cp. vss. 12ab, 13abcd, 15, 21ab; 22:14.”

[21:12]  ²² tn Grk “of the sons of Israel.” The translation “nation of Israel” is given in L&N 11.58.

[21:12]  ²³ tn Grk “on them”; the referent (the gates) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:13]  ²⁴ tn The words “There are” have been supplied to make a complete English sentence. This is a continuation of the previous sentence, a lengthy and complicated one in Greek.

[21:13]  ²⁵ tn The word “side” has been supplied four times in this verse for clarity.

[21:14]  ²⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:15]  ²⁷ tn Grk “the one”; the referent (the angel of v. 9) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:16]  ²⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the somewhat parenthetical nature of the description of the city.

[21:16]  ²⁹ tn Or “the city lies square.” On κεῖμαι (keimai) in this context, BDAG 537 s.v. 2 states, “lie, of things…ἡ πόλις τετράγωνος κεῖται is laid out as a square Rv 21:16.”

[21:16]  ³⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:16]  ³¹ tn Grk “with the rod”; the word “measuring” is supplied from the description in v. 15.

[21:16]  ³² tn Or “two thousand two hundred kilometers,” Grk “12,000 stades.” A stade was a measure of length about 607 ft (185 m).

[21:17]  ³³ tn Here the measurement was kept in cubits in the translation because of the possible symbolic significance of the number 144 (12 times 12). This is about 216 ft (65 m).

[21:17]  ³⁴ tn Here L&N 81.1 translate the phrase μέτρον ἀνθρώπου, ὅ ἐστιν ἀγγέλου (metron anqrwpou, {o estin angelou) “‘the unit of measurement used by a person, that is, by an angel’ Re 21:17.” It is more likely that μέτρον is an accusative of respect or reference.

[21:18]  ³⁵ tn Grk “and its wall”; the referent of the pronoun (the city) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:18]  ³⁶ tn The phrase ἡ ἐνδώμησις τοῦ τείχους (Jh endwmhsi" tou teicou") is difficult to translate precisely. BDAG 334 s.v. ἐνδώμησις states, “primary mng. ‘interior structure’; in our lit. prob.=construction, hence material τοῦ τείχους Rv 21:18.” The phrase could then be translated, “the foundation of the city wall was jasper” or “the material used for the wall of the city was jasper.” The latter alternative has been used in the translation because the text goes on to discuss the foundation in 21:19 (using the term θεμέλιος [qemelios]), which is somewhat redundant if the foundation is mentioned here.

[21:18]  ³⁷ tn Or “transparent crystal.” See L&N 6.222, which notes the emphasis is on transparency here. The same Greek word, καθαρός (kaqaros), means both “pure” (referring to the gold) and “transparent” (referring to the glass).

[21:19]  ³⁸ tn The perfect participle here has been translated as an intensive (resultative) perfect.

[21:19]  ³⁹ sn Agate (also called chalcedony) is a semiprecious stone usually milky or gray in color (L&N 2.32).

[21:20]  ⁴⁰ sn Onyx (also called sardonyx) is a semiprecious stone that comes in various colors (L&N 2.35).

[21:20]  ⁴¹ sn Carnelian is a semiprecious gemstone, usually red in color (L&N 2.36).

[21:20]  ⁴² sn Chrysolite refers to either quartz or topaz, golden yellow in color (L&N 2.37).

[21:20]  ⁴³ sn Beryl is a semiprecious stone, usually blue-green or green in color (L&N 2.38).

[21:20]  ⁴⁴ sn Chrysoprase is a greenish type of quartz (L&N 2.40).

[21:20]  ⁴⁵ sn Jacinth is a semiprecious stone, probably blue in color (also called “hyacinth,” but that translation is not used here because of possible confusion with the flower of the same name). See L&N 2.41.

[21:21]  ⁴⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:21]  ⁴⁷ tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103).

[21:22]  ⁴⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic. Every verse from here to the end of this chapter begins with καί in Greek, but due to differences between Greek and contemporary English style, these have not been translated.

[21:22]  ⁴⁹ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”

[21:24]  ⁵⁰ tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

[21:24]  ⁵¹ tn Or “splendor”; Grk “glory.”

[21:25]  ⁵² tn On the translation “during the day” see BDAG 436 s.v. ἡμέρα 1.a, “But also, as in Thu. et al., of time within which someth. occurs, ἡμέρας during the day Rv 21:25.”

[21:25]  ⁵³ tn The Greek connective γάρ (gar) most often expresses some sort of causal connection. However, in this context there is no causal force to the second phrase; γάρ simply expresses continuation or connection. Because of this it has been translated as “and.” See BDAG 189-90 s.v. 2.

[21:25]  ⁵⁴ tn The clause has virtually the force of a parenthetical comment.

[21:26]  ⁵⁵ tn Grk “honor,” but BDAG 1005 s.v. τιμή 2.b states, “An outstanding feature of the use of τ., as already shown in several passages, is its combination w. δόξα…of earthly possessions τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν Rv 21:26 (τιμή concr.=an object of value: Ezk 22:25).”

[21:26]  ⁵⁶ tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).