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Texts -- 1 Chronicles 18:1-12 (NET)

Context
David Conquers the Neighboring Nations
18:1 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. He took Gath and its surrounding towns away from the Philistines . 18:2 He defeated the Moabites ; the Moabites became David’s subjects and brought tribute . 18:3 David defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah as far as Hamath , when he went to extend his authority to the Euphrates River . 18:4 David seized from him 1,000 chariots , 7,000 charioteers , and 20,000 infantrymen . David cut the hamstrings of all but a hundred of Hadadezer’s chariot horses . 18:5 The Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah , but David killed 22,000 of the Arameans . 18:6 David placed garrisons in the territory of the Arameans of Damascus ; the Arameans became David’s subjects and brought tribute . The Lord protected David wherever he campaigned . 18:7 David took the golden shields which Hadadezer’s servants had carried and brought them to Jerusalem . 18:8 From Tibhath and Kun , Hadadezer’s cities , David took a great deal of bronze . (Solomon used it to make the big bronze basin called “The Sea ,” the pillars , and other bronze items . 18:9 When King Tou of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of King Hadadezer of Zobah , 18:10 he sent his son Hadoram to King David to extend his best wishes and to pronounce a blessing on him for his victory over Hadadezer , for Tou had been at war with Hadadezer . He also sent various items made of gold , silver , and bronze . 18:11 King David dedicated these things to the Lord , along with the silver and gold which he had carried off from all the nations , including Edom , Moab , the Ammonites , the Philistines , and Amalek . 18:12 Abishai son of Zeruiah killed 18,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt .

Pericope

NET
  • 1Ch 18:1-13 -- David Conquers the Neighboring Nations

Bible Dictionary

  • Hadadezer

    [ebd] Hadad is help; called also Hadarezer, Adod is his help, the king of Zobah. Hanun, the king of the Ammonites, hired among others the army of Hadadezer to assist him in his war against David. Joab, who was sent against this co...
    [isbe] HADADEZER - had-ad-e'-zer (hadhadh`ezer; so 2 Sam 8; 1 Ki 11:23, but hadhar`ezer, 2 Sam 10; 1 Ch 18): Mentioned in connection with David's wars of conquest (2 Sam 8:3 ff; 2 Sam 10:1-19; 1 Ch 18:3 ff); was king of Zobah in Sy...
    [nave] HADADEZER, called also Hadarezer. King of Zobah, vanquished by David, 2 Sam. 8:3-13; 10:15-19; 1 Kin. 11:23; 1 Chr. 18:3-10; 19:6-19.

  • Zobah

    [isbe] ZOBAH - zo'-ba (tsobhah; Souba): The name is derived by Halevy from zehobhah as referring to its supplies of "bright yellow" brass; but this word might be more appropriately used to contrast its cornfields with white Lebanon...
    [nave] ZOBAH, called also Zoba; Aram-zobah; Hamath-zobah. A kingdom in the N. of Palestine, 1 Sam. 14:47. Conquest of, by David, 2 Sam. 8:3-8, 12; 1 Kin. 11:23, 24; 1 Chr. 18:2-9. Its inhabitants mercenaries of the Ammonites again...

  • Palestine

    [ebd] originally denoted only the sea-coast of the land of Canaan inhabited by the Philistines (Ex. 15:14; Isa. 14:29, 31; Joel 3:4), and in this sense exclusively the Hebrew name Pelesheth (rendered "Philistia" in Ps. 60:8; 83:7;...

  • Rabbah

    [ebd] or Rab'bath, great. (1.) "Rabbath of the children of Ammon," the chief city of the Ammonites, among the eastern hills, some 20 miles east of the Jordan, on the southern of the two streams which united with the Jabbok. Here t...

  • Moabites

    [nave] MOABITES Descendants of Lot through his son Moab, Gen. 19:37. Called the people of Chemosh, Num. 21:29. The territory E. of Jordan, bounded on the N. by the river Arnon, Num. 21:13; Judg. 11:18. Children of Israel command...

  • Hadoram

    [ebd] is exalted. (1.) The son of Tou, king of Hamath, sent by his father to congratulate David on his victory over Hadarezer, king of Syria (1 Chr. 18:10; called Joram 2 Sam. 8:10). (2.) The fifth son of Joktan, the founder of an...
    [isbe] HADORAM - ha-do'-ram (hadhoram): (1) Son of Joktan and apparently 6th in descent from Noah (Gen 10:27 parallel 1 Ch 1:21). (2) Son of Tou, king of Hamath, sent by his father with presents to King David (1 Ch 18:10). In 2 Sam...
    [smith] (noble honor). The fifth son of Joktan. (Genesis 10:27; 1 Chronicles 1:21) His settlements, unlike those of many of Joktan?s sons, have not been identified. Son of Tou or Toi king of Hamath; his father?s ambassador to con...
    [nave] HADORAM 1. Descendant of Shem, Gen. 10:27; 1 Chr. 1:21. 2. Son of Ton, or Toi, 1 Chr. 18:10. Called Joram, 2 Sam. 8:10. 3. Chief officer of the tribute under Rehoboam, 2 Chr. 10:18. Probably identical with Adoniram of 1 ...

  • Gold

    [isbe] GOLD - gold (zahabh; chrusos): 1. Terms: No metal has been more frequently mentioned in Old Testament writings than gold, and none has had more terms applied to it. Among these terms the one most used is zahabh. The Arabic e...
    [nave] GOLD Exported from Havilah, Gen. 2:11, 12. From Ophir, 1 Kin. 9:28; 10:11; 1 Chr. 29:4; 2 Chr. 8:18; Job 22:24; Tarshish, 1 Kin. 22:48; Parvaim, 2 Chr. 3:6; Sheba, 1 Kin. 10:10; 2 Chr. 9:9; Psa. 72:15; Uphaz, Jer. 10:9. Re...

  • Toi

    [ebd] a king of Hamath, who sent "Joram his son unto King David to salute him," when he "heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer" (2 Sam. 8:9, 10). Called Tou (1 Chr. 18:9, 10).
    [nave] TOI, called also Tou. King of Hamath, 2 Sam. 8:9, 10; 1 Chr. 18:9, 10.

  • Gath

    [ebd] a wine-vat, one of the five royal cities of the Philistines (Josh. 13:3) on which the ark brought calamity (1 Sam. 5:8, 9; 6:17). It was famous also as being the birthplace or residence of Goliath (1 Sam. 17:4). David fled f...
    [isbe] GATH - gath (gath; Septuagint Geth, "winepress"): One of the five chief cities of the Philistines (Josh 13:3; 1 Sam 6:17). It was a walled town (2 Ch 26:6) and was not taken by Joshua, and, although many conflicts took place...
    [smith] (a wine press), one of the five royal cities of the Philistines; (Joshua 13:3; 1 Samuel 6:17) and the native place of the giant Goliath. (1 Samuel 17:4,23) It probably stood upon the conspicuous hill now called Tell-es-...
    [nave] GATH One of the five chief cities of the Philistines, Josh. 13:3; 1 Sam. 6:17; Amos 6:2; Mic. 1:10. Anakim, a race of giants, inhabitants of, Josh. 11:22. Goliath dwelt in, 1 Sam. 17:4; 1 Chr. 20:5-8. Obed-edom belonged t...

  • Tibhath

    [isbe] TIBHATH - tib'-hath (tibhchath; Metabechas, Codex Alexandrinus Matebeth; Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) Thebath; Peshitta Tebhach): A city of Hadadezer, king of Zobah, from which David took much of the brass us...
    [smith] (extension), a city of Hadadezer, king of Zobah, (1 Chronicles 18:8) which in 2Sam 8:8 Is called Betah. Its exact Position is unknown.
    [nave] TIBHATH, a city conquered by David, 1 Chr. 18:8.

  • Joram

    [isbe] JORAM - jo'-ram (yoram, "Yahweh is exalted"; compare JEHORAM): (1) Son of Toi (or Tou, according to Septuagint, Codex Vaticanus, and 1 Ch 18:9,10), sent by his father to greet David (2 Sam 8:10) = "Hadoram" (1 Ch 18:9,10) a ...
    [nave] JORAM 1. A son of Toi, 2 Sam. 8:9, 10. Called Hadoram, 1 Chr. 18:10. 2. Called also Jehoram. King of Israel, 2 Kin. 1:17; 3:1. King of Syria sends Naaman to, that he may be healed of his leprosy, 2 Kin. 5:1-27. Has war w...

  • Syria

    [nave] SYRIA, highlands lying between the river Euphrates and the Mediterranean Sea. Called Aram, from the son of Shem, Gen. 10:22, 23; Num. 23:7; 1 Chr. 1:17; 2:23. In the time of Abraham it seems to have embraced the region betwe...

  • Chun

    [ebd] one of the cities of Hadarezer, king of Syria. David procured brass (i.e., bronze or copper) from it for the temple (1 Chr. 18:8). It is called Berothai in 2 Sam. 8:8; probably the same as Berothah in Ezek. 47:16.
    [smith] (1 Chronicles 18:8) called Berothai in (2 Samuel 8:8)
    [nave] CHUN, a Syrian city, 1 Chr. 18:8. See: Betah; Berothai.

  • Hamath

    [nave] HAMATH, called also Hemath. A city of upper Syria, Num. 13:21; 34:8; Josh. 13:5; 1 Kin. 8:65; Ezek. 47:16. Inhabited by Canaanites, Gen. 10:18. Prosperity of, Amos 6:2. David receives gifts of gold and silver from Toi, kin...

  • TOU, OR TOI

    [smith] king of Hamath. (1 Chronicles 18:9,10)

  • HADAREZER

    [smith] (Hadad?s help), son of Rehob, (2 Samuel 8:3) the king of the Aramite state of Zobah, who was pursued by David and defeated with great loss. (1 Chronicles 18:3,4) (B.C. 1035.) After the first repulse of the Ammonites and...

  • WAR; WARFARE

    [isbe] WAR; WARFARE - wor, wor'-far (milchamah, 'anshe m., "men of war," "soldiers"; polemos, polemein, strateuesthai, stratia): 1. Religious Significance 2. Preliminaries 3. Operations of War 4. Strategy 5. Important Requisites 6....

  • SALT, VALLEY OF

    [isbe] SALT, VALLEY OF - (ge' ha-melach): The scene of battles, firstly, between David or his lieutenant Abishai and the Edomites (2 Sam 8:13; 1 Ch 18:12; Ps 60, title), and later between Amaziah and these same foes (2 Ki 14:7; 2 C...
    [smith] a valley in which occurred two memorable victories of the Israelite arms: That of David over the Edomites. (2 Samuel 8:13; 1 Chronicles 18:12) That of Amaziah. (2 Kings 14:7; 2 Chronicles 25:11) It is perhaps the...

  • Gift

    [ebd] (1.) An gratuity (Prov. 19:6) to secure favour (18:16; 21:14), a thank-offering (Num. 18:11), or a dowry (Gen. 34:12). (2.) An oblation or proppitatory gift (2Sa 8:2,6; 1Ch 18:2,6; 2Ch 26:8; Ps. 45:12; 72:10). (3.) A bribe t...

  • BETAH

    [ebd] confidence, a city belonging to Hadadezer, king of Zobah, which yielded much spoil of brass to David (2 Sam. 8:8). In 1 Chr. 18:8 it is called Tibhath.
    [smith] (confidence), a city belonging to Hadadezer king of Zobah, mentioned with Berothai. (2 Samuel 8:8) In the parallel account, (1 Chronicles 18:8) the name is called Tibhath.
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Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

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