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Texts -- 2 Chronicles 28:1-27 (NET)

Context
Ahaz’s Reign
28:1 Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign , and he reigned for sixteen years in Jerusalem . He did not do what pleased the Lord , in contrast to his ancestor David . 28:2 He followed in the footsteps of the kings of Israel ; he also made images of the Baals . 28:3 He offered sacrifices in the Valley of Ben-Hinnom and passed his sons through the fire , a horrible sin practiced by the nations whom the Lord drove out before the Israelites . 28:4 He offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places , on the hills , and under every green tree . 28:5 The Lord his God handed him over to the king of Syria . The Syrians defeated him and deported many captives to Damascus . He was also handed over to the king of Israel , who thoroughly defeated him. 28:6 In one day King Pekah son of Remaliah of Israel killed 120,000 warriors in Judah , because they had abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors . 28:7 Zikri , an Ephraimite warrior , killed the king’s son Maaseiah , Azrikam , the supervisor of the palace , and Elkanah , the king’s second-in-command . 28:8 The Israelites seized from their brothers 200,000 wives , sons , and daughters . They also carried off a huge amount of plunder and took it back to Samaria . 28:9 Oded , a prophet of the Lord , was there . He went to meet the army as they arrived in Samaria and said to them: “Look , because the Lord God of your ancestors was angry with Judah he handed them over to you. You have killed them so mercilessly that God has taken notice . 28:10 And now you are planning to enslave the people of Judah and Jerusalem . Yet are you not also guilty before the Lord your God ? 28:11 Now listen to me! Send back those you have seized from your brothers , for the Lord is very angry at you!” 28:12 So some of the Ephraimite family leaders , Azariah son of Jehochanan , Berechiah son of Meshillemoth , Jechizkiah son of Shallum , and Amasa son of Hadlai confronted those returning from the battle . 28:13 They said to them, “Don’t bring those captives here ! Are you planning on making us even more sinful and guilty before the Lord ? Our guilt is already great and the Lord is very angry at Israel .” 28:14 So the soldiers released the captives and the plunder before the officials and the entire assembly . 28:15 Men were assigned to take the prisoners and find clothes among the plunder for those who were naked . So they clothed them, supplied them with sandals , gave them food and drink , and provided them with oil to rub on their skin. They put the ones who couldn’t walk on donkeys . They brought them back to their brothers at Jericho , the city of the date palm trees, and then returned to Samaria . 28:16 At that time King Ahaz asked the king of Assyria for help . 28:17 The Edomites had again invaded and defeated Judah and carried off captives . 28:18 The Philistines had raided the cities of Judah in the lowlands and the Negev . They captured and settled in Beth Shemesh , Aijalon , Gederoth , Soco and its surrounding villages , Timnah and its surrounding villages , and Gimzo and its surrounding villages . 28:19 The Lord humiliated Judah because of King Ahaz of Israel , for he encouraged Judah to sin and was very unfaithful to the Lord . 28:20 King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria came , but he gave him more trouble than support . 28:21 Ahaz gathered riches from the Lord’s temple , the royal palace , and the officials and gave them to the king of Assyria , but that did not help . 28:22 During his time of trouble King Ahaz was even more unfaithful to the Lord . 28:23 He offered sacrifices to the gods of Damascus whom he thought had defeated him. He reasoned , “Since the gods of the kings of Damascus helped them, I will sacrifice to them so they will help me.” But they caused him and all Israel to stumble . 28:24 Ahaz gathered the items in God’s temple and removed them. He shut the doors of the Lord’s temple and erected altars on every street corner in Jerusalem . 28:25 In every city throughout Judah he set up high places to offer sacrifices to other gods . He angered the Lord God of his ancestors . 28:26 The rest of the events of Ahaz’s reign, including his accomplishments from start to finish , are recorded in the Scroll of the Kings of Judah and Israel . 28:27 Ahaz passed away and was buried in the City of David ; they did not bring him to the tombs of the kings of Israel . His son Hezekiah replaced him as king .

Pericope

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Bible Dictionary

  • Ahaz

    [ebd] possessor. (1.) A grandson of Jonathan (1 Chr. 8:35; 9:42). (2.) The son and successor of Jotham, king of Judah (2 Kings 16; Isa. 7-9; 2 Chr. 28). He gave himself up to a life of wickedness and idolatry. Notwithstanding the ...
    [isbe] AHAZ - a'-haz ('achaz, "he has grasped," 2 Ki 16; 2 Ch 28; Isa 7:10 ff; Achaz). 1. Name: The name is the same as Jehoahaz; hence appears on Tiglath-pileser's Assyrian inscription of 732 BC as Ia-u-ha-zi. The sacred historian...
    [smith] (possessor), eleventh king of Judah, son of Jotham, reigned 741-726, about sixteen years. At the time of his accession, Rezin king of Damascus and Pekah king of Israel had recently formed a league against Judah, and they proc...
    [nave] AHAZ 1. King of Judah, son and successor of Jotham, 2 Kin. 15:38; 16:1; 2 Chr. 27:9; 28:1. Idolatrous abominations of, 2 Kin. 16:3, 4; 2 Chr. 28:2-4, 22-25. Kingdom of, invaded by the kings of Syria and Samaria, 2 Kin. 16:...

  • Oded

    [ebd] restoring, or setting up. (1.) Father of the prophet Azariah (2 Chr. 15:1, 8). (2.) A prophet in the time of Ahaz and Pekah (2 Chr. 28:9-15).
    [isbe] ODED - o'-ded (`owdhedh (2 Ch 15), `odhedh (elsewhere), `odhedh, "restorer"): (1) According to 2 Ch 15:1, he was the father of Azariah who prophesied in the reign of Asa of Judah (c 918-877), but 15:8 makes Oded himself the ...
    [smith] (restoring). The father of Azariah the prophet, in the reign of Asa. (2 Chronicles 15:1) (B.C. before 953.) A prophet of Jehovah in Samaria, at the time of Pekah?s invasion of Judah. (2 Chronicles 28:9) (B.C. 739.)
    [nave] ODED 1. A prophet in Samaria, 2 Chr. 28:9. 2. Father of the prophet Azariah, 2 Chr. 15:1.

  • SAMARIA, CITY OF

    [isbe] SAMARIA, CITY OF - sa-ma'-ri-a, (shomeron; Samareia, Semeron, and other forms): (1) Shechem was the first capital of the Northern Kingdom (1 Ki 12:25). Jeroboam seems later to have removed the royal residence to Tirzah (1 Ki...

  • Israel

    [nave] ISRAEL 1. A name given to Jacob, Gen. 32:24-32; 2 Kin. 17:34; Hos. 12:3, 4. 2. A name of the Christ in prophecy, Isa. 49:3. 3. A name given to the descendants of Jacob, a nation. Called also Israelites, and Hebrews, Gen. 4...

  • Pekah

    [isbe] PEKAH - pe'-ka (peqach, "opening" (of the eyes) (2 Ki 15:25-31); Phakee): 1. Accession: Son of Remaliah, and 18th king of Israel. Pekah murdered his predecessor, Pekahiah, and seized the reins of power (2 Ki 15:25). His usur...
    [nave] PEKAH, son of Remaliah. Captain of the army of Israel, 2 Kin. 15:25. Conspires against and assassinates King Pekahiah, 2 Kin. 15:25. Is made king of Israel, 2 Kin. 15:27. Victorious in war with Judah, 2 Chr. 28:5, 6. Is p...

  • Jericho

    [isbe] JERICHO - jer'-i-ko (the word occurs in two forms. In the Pentateuch, in 2 Ki 25:5 and in Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles it is written yerecho; yericho, elsewhere): In 1 Ki 16:34 the final Hebrew letter is he (h), instead of waw...
    [nave] JERICHO 1. A city E. of Jerusalem and near the Jordan, Num. 22:1; 26:3; Deut. 34:1. Called the City of Palm Trees, Deut. 34:3. Situation of, pleasant, 2 Kin. 2:19. Rehab the harlot lived in, Josh. 2; Heb. 11:31. Joshua s...

  • HEZEKIAH (2)

    [isbe] HEZEKIAH (2) - (chizqiyah, "Yahweh has strengthened"; also written chizqiyahu, "Yah has strengthened him"; Hezekias): One of the greatest of the kings of Judah; reigned (according to the most self-consistent chronology) from...

  • Repentance

    [nave] REPENTANCE Attributed to God, Gen. 6:6, 7; Ex. 32:14; Deut. 32:36; Judg. 2:18; 1 Sam. 15:11, 29, 35; 2 Sam. 24:16; 1 Chr. 21:15; Psa. 106:45; 110:4; 135:14; Jer. 15:6; 18:8, 10; 26:3; 42:10; Joel 2:13; Amos 7:3, 6; Jonah 3:9...

  • Captive

    [ebd] one taken in war. Captives were often treated with great cruelty and indignity (1 Kings 20:32; Josh. 10:24; Judg. 1:7; 2 Sam. 4:12; Judg. 8:7; 2 Sam. 12:31; 1 Chr. 20:3). When a city was taken by assault, all the men were sl...

  • Afflictions and Adversities

    [nave] AFFLICTIONS AND ADVERSITIES. List of Sub-Topics Miscellany of Minor Sub-Topics; Unclassified Scriptures Relating to; Benefits of; Benefits of, Illustrated; Consolation in; Deliverance from; Design of; Despondency in; Dispe...

  • Meshillemoth

    [ebd] requitals. (1.) The father of Berechiah (2 Chr. 28:12). (2.) A priest, the son of Immer (Neh. 11:13).
    [isbe] MESHILLEMOTH - me-shil'-e-moth, me-shil'-e-moth (meshillemoth, "recompense"): (1) An Ephraimite ancestor of Berechiah, chief of the tribe, in the reign of Pekah (2 Ch 28:12). (2) The "Meshillemith" of Neh 11:13.
    [smith] (recompense). An Ephraimite, one of the chiefs of the tribe in the reign of Pekah. (2 Chronicles 28:12) The same as MESHILLEMITH. (Nehemiah 11:13)
    [nave] MESHILLEMOTH 1. Father of an Ephraimite who protested against the attempt of the Israelites to enslave their captive brethren, 2 Chr. 28:12, 13. 2. A priest, Neh. 11:13.

  • Rulers

    [nave] RULERS Appointed and removed by God. See: Government, God in. Chastised, Dan. 4. See: Nation. Monarchical, See: Kings. Patriarchal, Gen. 27:29, 37. Instances of Nimrod, Gen. 10:8-10. Abraham, Gen. 14:13-24; 17:6; 21:2...

  • Tiglath-pileser

    [isbe] TIGLATH-PILESER - tig-lath-pi-le-zer tighlath pil'eser, as the name is read in 2 Kings, tilleghath pilnecer, in 2 Chronicles; Septuagint Algathphellasar; Assyrian, Tukulti-abal-i-sarra): King of Assyria in the days of Menahe...
    [nave] TIGLATH-PILESER, called also Tilgath-pilneser, king of Assyria. Invades Israel; carries part of the people captive to Assyria, 2 Kin. 15:29; 1 Chr. 5:6, 26. Forms an alliance with Ahaz; captures Damascus, 2 Kin. 16:7-10; 2 C...

  • Maaseiah

    [ebd] the work of Jehovah. (1.) One of the Levites whom David appointed as porter for the ark (1 Chr. 15:18, 20). (2.) One of the "captains of hundreds" associated with Jehoiada in restoring king Jehoash to the throne (2 Chr. 23:1...
    [isbe] MAASEIAH - ma-a-se'-ya, ma-a-si'a (ma`aseyahu, "Yahweh's work"; Maassaia, and Massaias in the Septuagint): A name common in exilic and late monarchic times (Gray, H P N). (1) A Levite musician named in connection with David'...
    [smith] (work of the Lord), the name of four persons who had married foreign wives. In the time of Ezra, A descendant of Jeshua the priest. (Ezra 10:18) A priest, of the sons of Harim. (Ezra 10:21) A priest, of the sons of Pashur. (...
    [nave] MAASEIAH 1. A Levite musician, 1 Chr. 15:18, 20. 2. A captain of hundreds, 2 Chr. 23:1. 3. An officer of Uzziah, 2 Chr. 26:11. 4. Son of Ahaz. Slain by Zichri, 2 Chr. 28:7. 5. Governor of Jerusalem, 2 Chr. 34:8. 6. The ...

  • Amasa

    [ebd] burden. (1.) The son of Abigail, a sister of king David (1 Chr. 2:17; 2 Sam. 17:25). He was appointed by David to command the army in room of his cousin Joab (2 Sam. 19:13), who afterwards treacherously put him to death as a...
    [isbe] AMASA - a-ma'-sa (`amasa', or read `ammishai, i.e. `am yishai, "people of Jesse"): The form `amasa', is based upon a mistaken etymology (from = `amac "to burden"). (1) According to 2 Sam 17:25, Amasa is the son of Abigail, t...
    [smith] (a burden). Son of Ithra, or Jether, by Abigail, David?s sister. (2 Samuel 17:25) He joined in Absalom?s rebellion, B.C. 1023, was appointed commander-in-chief and suffered defeat by Joab. (2 Samuel 18:6) David, incens...
    [nave] AMASA 1. Nephew of David, 2 Sam. 17:25; 1 Chr. 2:17. Joins Absalom, 2 Sam. 17:25. Returns to David, and is made captain of the army, 2 Sam. 19:13. Slain, 2 Sam. 20:8-12; 1 Kin. 2:5, 32. 2. Son of Hadlai, 2 Chr. 28:12.

  • Jehizkiah

    [ebd] Jehovah strengthens, one of the chiefs of Ephraim (2 Chr. 28:12).
    [isbe] JEHIZKIAH - je-hiz-ki'-a (yechizqiyahu, "Yah strengthens"): One of the Ephraimite chiefs (2 Ch 28:12) who with Obed are said to have opposed the enslavement of the Judahites taken captive by Pekah in his war against Ahaz (ci...
    [smith] (Jehovah strengthens), son of Shallum, one of the heads of the tribe of Ephraim in the time of Ahaz. (2 Chronicles 28:12) comp. 2Chr 28:8,13,15 (B.C. 738.)
    [nave] JEHIZKIAH, son of Shallum, 2 Chr. 28:12.

  • Gimzo

    [ebd] a place fertile in sycamores, a city in the plain of Judah, the villages of which were seized by the Philistines (2 Chr. 28:18). It is now called Jimzu, about 3 miles south-east of Ludd, i.e., Lydda.
    [isbe] GIMZO - gim'-zo (gimzo; Gamzo): A town of Judah on the border of the Philistine plain, captured by the Philistines in the days of Ahaz (2 Ch 28:18). It is the modern Jimzu, a small mud village about 3 1/2 miles Southeast of ...
    [smith] (fertile in sycamores), a town which with its dependent villages was taken possession of by the Philistines in the reign of Ahaz. (2 Chronicles 28:18) The name (Jimzu) still remains attached to a large village between two ...
    [nave] GIMZO, a city of Judah, 2 Chr. 28:18.

  • Hadlai

    [ebd] resting, an Ephraimite; the father of Amasa, mentioned in 2 Chr. 28:12.
    [isbe] HADLAI - had'-li, had'-la-i (chadhlay, "resting"): An Ephraimite (2 Ch 28:12), father of Amasa, who was one of the heads of the tribe in the time of Pekah, king of Israel.
    [smith] (rest of God), a man of Ephraim. (2 Chronicles 28:12)
    [nave] HADLAI, an Ephraimite, 2 Chr. 28:12.

  • APOSTASY; APOSTATE

    [isbe] APOSTASY; APOSTATE - a-pos'-ta-si, a-pos'-tat (he apostasia, "a standing away from"): I.e. a falling away, a withdrawal, a defection. Not found in the English Versions of the Bible, but used twice in the New Testament, in th...

  • Berechiah

    [ebd] blessed by Jehovah. (1.) Son of Shimea, and father of Asaph the musician (1 Chr. 6:39; 15:17). (2.) One of the seven Ephraimite chieftains, son of Meshillemoth (2 Chr. 28:12). (3.) The fourth of the five sons of Zerubbabel, ...
    [isbe] BERECHIAH - ber-e-ki'-a (berekhyah, berekhyahu, "Yahweh blesses," HPN, 216, 287): (1) A descendant of David (1 Ch 3:20). (2) The father of Asaph, the singer (1 Ch 6:39 the King James Version "Berachiah"; 1 Ch 15:17). (3) A f...
    [smith] (blessed of Jehovah). A descendant of the royal family of Judah. (1 Chronicles 3:20) A man mentioned as the father of Meshullam, who assisted in rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem. (Nehemiah 3:4,30; 6:18) A Levite. (1 C...
    [nave] BERECHIAH 1. Father of Asaph, 1 Chr. 15:17, 23. Called Berachiah, 1 Chr. 6:39. 2. A warrior of Ephraim, 2 Chr. 28:12. 3. A brother of Zerubbabel, 1 Chr. 3:20. 4. Son of Asa, 1 Chr. 9:16. 5. Son of Iddo, Zech. 1:1, 7. 6...
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  • I've heard and read the same statement a number of times, but have never troubled myself to look up each passage. I'm not surprised that looking up "heaven" and "hell" in a concordance would give you contradictory results. T...

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Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

  • The Book of Samuel covers the period of Israel's history bracketed by Samuel's conception and the end of David's reign. David turned the kingdom over to Solomon in 971 B.C.3David reigned for 40 and one-half years (2 Sam. 2:11...
  • Though the writer did not clarify this point, it seems that Pekah had been ruling over Israel in Gilead since 752 B.C., the year Menahem assassinated Shallum. This must be the case in view of the writer's chronological refere...
  • The godly people in Judah gave Ahaz a respectable burial (v. 20), but they did not honor him by burying him in the royal sepulchers with the good Judean kings (2 Chron. 28:27).Ahaz reduced Judah to a new low politically and s...
  • Chronicles covers a broader period of history than any other Old Testament book. It begins with Adam and ends with Anani who lived eight generations after King Jehoiachin (1 Chron. 3:24). If we allow 25 years for each generat...
  • Even though 1 and 2 Chronicles give one continuous story the emphasis in 2 Chronicles is different from that in 1 Chronicles. In 1 Chronicles the emphasis is the importance of the temple in national life. However in 2 Chronic...
  • (Continued from notes on 1 Chronicles)III. The reign of Solomon chs. 1-9A. Solomon's wisdom and prosperity ch. 1B. The building of the temple 2:1-5:11. Preparations for building the temple ch. 22. The temple proper 3:1-93. Th...
  • With the reign of Ahaz the Chronicler introduced a new interest, the prospect of captivity for Judah, which he again called Israel, the true Israel, twice in this chapter (vv. 19, 23).Why did Israel go into captivity? Why did...
  • Ahaz had closed the temple and had set up other centers of worship throughout the land (28:24-25). Hezekiah reopened the temple and cleansed it in preparation for reusing it (vv. 3, 5). Whereas the writer of Kings described H...
  • Ackroyd, Peter R. I and II Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah. London: SCM Press, 1973.Aharoni, Yohanan, and Michael Avi-Yonah. The Macmillan Bible Atlas. Revised ed., New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1977.Albright, William F. The...
  • This introductory segment provides the basic information about the historical situation that Judah faced plus God's command concerning that situation. Would King Ahaz face his threat from God's perspective or from man's? Woul...
  • Invasion and war had already overtaken Jerusalem when Jeremiah wrote this lament, but more destruction was to come (v. 9).15:5 The Lord said that no one would have pity on Jerusalem when she had experienced His judgment (cf. ...
  • 16:15 However, Jerusalem became self-centered and unfaithful to the Lord; she forgot Him when she became preoccupied with His blessings (cf. Deut. 6:10-12; 8). She went after every people that passed by rather than remaining ...
  • 16:44-47 Other people would quote the proverb, "Like mother, like daughter,"in regard to Jerusalem. She was like her Hittite "mother"who was also idolatrous and selfish. And she was like her older (larger) sister, Samaria, an...
  • 20:10-12 So the Lord led the Israelites out of Egypt and into the wilderness. At Mount Sinai He gave them statutes and ordinances that would result in their welfare if they obeyed them, namely, the Mosaic Law. He also gave th...
  • 25:15-16 The Philistines to Judah's west had also scorned the Israelites and had sought to destroy them (cf. Judg. 13-16; 1 Sam. 4; 13; 31; 2 Sam. 5; 2 Kings 18:8; 2 Chron. 21:16-17; 28:18). Therefore the Lord would stretch o...
  • What follows in this chapter is another oracle against a foreign nation (cf. chs. 25-32). What is it doing here? Evidently the writer included this oracle here because it promises to desolate an enemy of Israel that wanted to...
  • 1:1 The book opens with a synopsis of the first Jewish deportation in 605 B.C. (cf. 2 Kings 21:35; 2 Chron 28:2-3).25Daniel and his three friends were part of the nobles and royal families taken from Jerusalem as captives the...
  • Since we do not know who the writer was, other than that his name was Obadiah, it is very difficult to date this book and to determine where it came from."This shortest book in the Old Testament, consisting of only twenty-one...
  • Jesus told this parable to correct the lawyer's false understanding of who his neighbor was and his duty to his neighbor.10:30 The man in view may have been a real person and the incident Jesus described could have really hap...

Expositions Of Holy Scripture (Maclaren)

  • He sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him: and he said, Because the gods of the kings of Syria help them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me. But they were the ruin of him, and of all Isr...
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