1 Samuel 30
1 The Amalekites spoil Ziklag.
4 David asking counsel, is encouraged by God to pursue them.
11 By the means of a revived Egyptian he is brought to the enemies, and recovers all the spoil.
22 David's law to divide the spoil equally between them that fight and them that keep the stuff.
26 He sends presents to his friends.
came <0935> [were come.]
third <07992> [on the third.]
This was the third day after he had left the Philistine army at Aphek, from which place, Calmet supposes, Ziklag was distant more than thirty leagues.
Amalekites <06003> [the Amalekites.]
kill anyone <04191 0376> [slew not.]
burned <08313> [burned.]
Then <05375> [lifted up.]
two wives .............. widow <08147 0802> [two wives.]
very <03966> [was greatly.]
men <05971> [the people.]
<04843> [grieved. Heb. bitter.]
David ....................... David <01732> [David.]
Abiathar .......... Abiathar <054> [Abiathar.]
inquired <07592> [enquired.]
saying .... pursue .......... said .... Pursue <0559 07291> [he answered him.]
hundred ........ hundred <03967> [for two hundred.]
exhausted <06296> [so faint.]
Wadi Besor <05158 01308> [the brook Besor.]
This brook or torrent, it is evident from the circumstances of the history, must be in the south-west part of Judea, and must empty itself into the Mediterranean Sea. In the more particular situation of it writers are not agreed. Some suppose it to be between Gaza and Rhinocorura; but Jerome places it between Rhinocorura and Egypt. It is supposed by some to be the same as the river of the wilderness, (Am 6:14,) and the river of Egypt, Jos 15:4.
gave ... bread <05414 03899> [gave him.]
<07307> [his spirit.]
three days ... three <07969 03117> [three days.]
master <0113> [my master.]
Though they had booty enough, and this poor sick slave might have been carried on an ass or a camel, yet they inhumanely left him to perish; but, in the righteous providence of God, this cruelty was the occasion of their destruction; whilst David's kindness to a perishing stranger and slave was the means of his success, and proved the truest policy.
Kerethites <03774> [the Cherethites.]
Calmet and others suppose that these people, who inhabited the same district as the Philistines, were the aborigines of the island of Crete, from which they derived their name.
Caleb <03612> [Caleb.]
A district in the south of Judea, in which were the cities of Kirjath-Arba or Hebron, and Kirjath-sepher, belonging to the family of Caleb.
burned <08313> [we burned.]
Swear <07650> [Swear.]
not .... or <05462 0518> [nor deliver.]
down <03381> [when he.]
eating <0398> [eating.]
<01419> [because of all.]
following <04283> [the next day. Heb. their morrow. and there.]
David ........................ David's plunder <01732 07998> [This is David's spoil.]
hundred <0582 03967> [two hundred men.]
approached <05066> [came near.]
asked <07592> [saluted them. Heb. asked them how they did.]
evil <07451> [wicked.]
<0582> [those. Heb. the men. Because.]
brothers <0251> [my brethren.]
Lord <03068> [which the Lord.]
protected <08104> [who hath.]
portion ................. portion <02506> [but as his part.]
This equitable edict was somewhat different from that which had so long obtained in Israel, and by which the spoil of the Midianites was divided: that related to the whole people: this only to the soldiers, some of whom went to battle, while others guarded the baggage.
remained <03427> [tarrieth.]
onward <04605> [forward. Heb. and forward.]
friends <07453> [to his friends.]
gift <01293> [present. Heb. blessing.]
Bethel <01008> [Beth-el.]
Probably not the celebrated city of this name, but Bethul a city of Simeon, (Jos 19:4,) supposed to be the same as Bethelia, mentioned by Sozomen as belonging to Gaza, well peopled, and having several temples remarkable for their structure and antiquity; and which Jerome says, in his life of Hilarion, was five short days' journey from Pelusium.
Ramoth Negev <07418 05045> [south Ramoth.]
A city of Simeon; so called to distinguish it from Ramoth Gilead beyond Jordan.
[Ramath. Jattir.]
Aroer <06177> [Aroer.]
Siphmoth <08224> [Siphmoth.]
Supposed to be the same with Shepham (Nu 34:10,) on the eastern borders of Canaan.
Eshtemoa <0851> [Eshtemoa.]
[Eshtemoh.]
Racal <07403> [Rachal.]
Supposed by Calmet to be the same as Hachilah.
Jerahmeelites <03397> [Jerahmeelites.]
The descendants of Jerahmeel son of Hezron, (1 Ch 2:9, 25-27,) who inhabited a district in the south of Judah.
Kenites <07017> [Kenites.]
These people inhabited a small tract west of the Dead Sea.
Hormah <02767> [Hormah.]
Bor Ashan <03565> [Chorashan.]
Probably the same as Ashan in Simeon, Jos 15:42; 19:7, which Eusebius says was sixteen miles west from Jerusalem.
Hebron <02275> [Hebron.]
