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Text -- John 1:1-51 (NET)

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Context
The Prologue to the Gospel
1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was fully God. 1:2 The Word was with God in the beginning. 1:3 All things were created by him, and apart from him not one thing was created that has been created. 1:4 In him was life, and the life was the light of mankind. 1:5 And the light shines on in the darkness, but the darkness has not mastered it. 1:6 A man came, sent from God, whose name was John. 1:7 He came as a witness to testify about the light, so that everyone might believe through him. 1:8 He himself was not the light, but he came to testify about the light. 1:9 The true light, who gives light to everyone, everyone, was coming into the world. 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was created by him, but the world did not recognize him. 1:11 He came to what was his own, but his own people did not receive him. 1:12 But to all who have received him– those who believe in his name– he has given the right to become God’s children 1:13 –children not born by human parents or by human desire or a husband’s decision, but by God. 1:14 Now the Word became flesh and took up residence among us. We saw his glory– the glory of the one and only, full of grace and truth, who came from the Father. 1:15 John testified about him and shouted out, “This one was the one about whom I said, ‘He who comes after me is greater than I am, because he existed before me.’” 1:16 For we have all received from his fullness one gracious gift after another. 1:17 For the law was given through Moses, but grace and truth came about through Jesus Christ. 1:18 No one has ever seen God. The only one, himself God, who is in closest fellowship with the Father, has made God known.
The Testimony of John the Baptist
1:19 Now this was John’s testimony when the Jewish leaders sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, “Who are you?” 1:20 He confessed– he did not deny but confessed– “I am not the Christ!” 1:21 So they asked him, “Then who are you? Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not!” “Are you the Prophet?” He answered, “No!” 1:22 Then they said to him, “Who are you? Tell us so that we can give an answer to those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?” 1:23 John said, “I am the voice of one shouting in the wilderness, ‘Make straight the way for the Lord,’ as Isaiah the prophet said.” 1:24 (Now they had been sent from the Pharisees.) 1:25 So they asked John, “Why then are you baptizing if you are not the Christ, nor Elijah, nor the Prophet?” 1:26 John answered them, “I baptize with water. Among you stands one whom you do not recognize, 1:27 who is coming after me. I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandal!” 1:28 These things happened in Bethany across the Jordan River where John was baptizing. 1:29 On the next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Look, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world! 1:30 This is the one about whom I said, ‘After me comes a man who is greater than I am, because he existed before me.’ 1:31 I did not recognize him, but I came baptizing with water so that he could be revealed to Israel.” 1:32 Then John testified, “I saw the Spirit descending like a dove from heaven, and it remained on him. 1:33 And I did not recognize him, but the one who sent me to baptize with water said to me, ‘The one on whom you see the Spirit descending and remaining– this is the one who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.’ 1:34 I have both seen and testified that this man is the Chosen One of God.” 1:35 Again the next day John was standing there with two of his disciples. 1:36 Gazing at Jesus as he walked by, he said, “Look, the Lamb of God!” 1:37 When John’s two disciples heard him say this, they followed Jesus. 1:38 Jesus turned around and saw them following and said to them, “What do you want?” So they said to him, “Rabbi” (which is translated Teacher), “where are you staying?” 1:39 Jesus answered, “Come and you will see.” So they came and saw where he was staying, and they stayed with him that day. Now it was about four o’clock in the afternoon.
Andrew’s Declaration
1:40 Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, was one of the two disciples who heard what John said and followed Jesus. 1:41 He first found his own brother Simon and told him, “We have found the Messiah!” (which is translated Christ). 1:42 Andrew brought Simon to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon, the son of John. You will be called Cephas” (which is translated Peter).
The Calling of More Disciples
1:43 On the next day Jesus wanted to set out for Galilee. He found Philip and said to him, “Follow me.” 1:44 (Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the town of Andrew and Peter.) 1:45 Philip found Nathanael and told him, “We have found the one Moses wrote about in the law, and the prophets also wrote about– Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.” 1:46 Nathanael replied, “Can anything good come out of Nazareth?” Philip replied, “Come and see.” 1:47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and exclaimed, “Look, a true Israelite in whom there is no deceit!” 1:48 Nathanael asked him, “How do you know me?” Jesus replied, “Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.” 1:49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God; you are the king of Israel!” 1:50 Jesus said to him, “Because I told you that I saw you under the fig tree, do you believe? You will see greater things than these.” 1:51 He continued, “I tell all of you the solemn truth– you will see heaven opened and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.”
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Andrew the brother of Simon Peter
 · Bethany a small town on the east slope of the Mount of Olives,a town located east of the Jordan river
 · Bethsaida a town located on the northeast side of the Sea of Galilee
 · Cephas a nickname for Simon, son of John
 · Elijah a prophet from the 9th century B.C.,a prophet from Tishbe in Gilead to Israel in King Ahab's time,son of Jeroham of Benjamin,a priest of the Harim clan who put away his heathen wife,a layman of the Bani Elam clan who put away his heathen wife
 · Galilee the region of Palestine north of Sameria and west of the upper Jordan River,a region west of Lake Galilee and north of the Jezreel Valley
 · Isaiah a son of Amoz; a prophet active in Judah from about 740 to 701 B.C.,son of Amoz; a major prophet in the time of Hezekiah
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Israelite a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin
 · Jews the people descended from Israel
 · John a son of Zebedee; younger brother of James; the beloved disciple of Christ,a relative of Annas the high priest,a son of Mary the sister of Barnabas, and surnamed Mark,the father of Simon Peter
 · Jordan the river that flows from Lake Galilee to the Dead Sea,a river that begins at Mt. Hermon, flows south through Lake Galilee and on to its end at the Dead Sea 175 km away (by air)
 · Joseph the husband of Mary and foster-father of Jesus,a Jewish man from Arimathea in whose grave the body of Jesus was laid,two different men listed as ancestors of Jesus,a man nominated with Matthias to take the place of Judas Iscariot as apostle,a son of Jacob and Rachel; the father of Ephraim and Manasseh and ruler of Egypt,a brother of Jesus; a son of Mary,a man who was a companion of Paul,son of Jacob and Rachel; patriarch of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh,a tribe, actually two tribes named after Joseph's sons, Ephraim and Manasseh,father of Igal, of Issachar, who helped spy out Canaan,son of Asaph the Levite; worship leader under Asaph and King David,a man who put away his heathen wife; an Israelite descended from Binnui,priest and head of the house of Shebaniah under High Priest Joiakim in the time of Nehemiah
 · Levites(s) men of the lowest of the three orders in Israel's priesthood
 · Messiah a title of divine appointment given to Jesus, the son of God
 · Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law
 · Nathanael a man who was one of the disciples of Christ
 · Nazareth a town in lower Galilee about halfway between the Sea of Galilee and the Mediterranean Sea
 · Peter a man who was a leader among the twelve apostles and wrote the two epistles of Peter
 · Pharisee a religious group or sect of the Jews
 · Philip a man who was one of the twelve apostles,a son of Herod the Great; husband of Herodias; ruler of Iturea and Traconitis north and west of Galilee,a man who was one of the seven chosen to serve tables at the church at Jerusalem
 · Rabbi a title given to teachers and others of an exalted position
 · Simon a son of Jonas and brother of Andrew; an apostle of Jesus Christ,a man who was one of the apostles of Christ and also called 'the Zealot',a brother of Jesus,a man who was a well-know victim of leprosy who had been healed by Jesus (NIV note),a man from Cyrene who was forced to carry the cross of Jesus,a Pharisee man in whose house Jesus' feet were washed with tears and anointed,the father of Judas Iscariot,a man who was a sorcerer in Samaria and who wanted to buy the gifts of the Spirit,a man who was a tanner at Joppa and with whom Peter was staying when Cornelius sent for him


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Jesus, The Christ | JOHN, GOSPEL OF | John | Peter | SACRIFICE, IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, 1 | PROLOGUE | Andrew | PHILOSOPHY | PAPYRUS | TEXT AND MANUSCRIPTS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT | JAMES | JOHN THE BAPTIST | Word, The | JESUS CHRIST, 4B | Son of God | OSTRACA | Logos | CHRIST, OFFICES OF | Light | Messiah | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Joh 1:1 And the Word was fully God. John’s theology consistently drives toward the conclusion that Jesus, the incarnate Word, is just as much God as God...

NET Notes: Joh 1:2 Grk “He”; the referent (the Word) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: Joh 1:3 Or “made”; Grk “that has come into existence.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:4 Or “humanity”; Grk “of men” (but ἄνθρωπος [anqrwpo"] is used in a generic sense ...

NET Notes: Joh 1:5 Or “comprehended it,” or “overcome it.” The verb κατέλαβεν (katelaben) is not eas...

NET Notes: Joh 1:6 John refers to John the Baptist.

NET Notes: Joh 1:7 Grk “all.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:8 Or “to bear witness.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:9 In v. 9 the world (κόσμος, kosmos) is mentioned for the first time. This is another important theme word for John. Gener...

NET Notes: Joh 1:10 Or “know.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:11 His own people did not receive him. There is a subtle irony here: When the λόγος (logos) came into the world, he came to his ...

NET Notes: Joh 1:12 On the use of the πιστεύω + εἰς (pisteuw + ei") construction in John: The verb πι ...

NET Notes: Joh 1:13 The third phrase, οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρό`...

NET Notes: Joh 1:14 Or “of the unique one.” Although this word is often translated “only begotten,” such a translation is misleading, since in Eng...

NET Notes: Joh 1:15 Or “has a higher rank than I.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:16 Earlier commentators (including Origen and Luther) took the words For we have all received from his fullness one gracious gift after another to be Joh...

NET Notes: Joh 1:17 “But” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the implied contrast between the Mosaic law and grace through Jesus Chri...

NET Notes: Joh 1:18 Has made God known. In this final verse of the prologue, the climactic and ultimate statement of the earthly career of the Logos, Jesus of Nazareth, i...

NET Notes: Joh 1:19 “Who are you?” No uniform Jewish expectation of a single eschatological figure existed in the 1st century. A majority expected the Messiah...

NET Notes: Joh 1:20 “I am not the Christ.” A 3rd century work, the pseudo-Clementine Recognitions (1.54 and 1.60 in the Latin text; the statement is not as cl...

NET Notes: Joh 1:21 The Prophet is a reference to the “prophet like Moses” of Deut 18:15, by this time an eschatological figure in popular belief. Acts 3:22 i...

NET Notes: Joh 1:22 The words “Tell us” are not in the Greek but are implied.

NET Notes: Joh 1:23 A quotation from Isa 40:3.

NET Notes: Joh 1:24 This is a parenthetical note by the author.

NET Notes: Joh 1:25 See the note on Christ in 1:20.

NET Notes: Joh 1:26 Or “know.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:27 The term refers to the leather strap or thong used to bind a sandal. This is often viewed as a collective singular and translated as a plural, “...

NET Notes: Joh 1:28 “River” is not in the Greek text but is supplied for clarity.

NET Notes: Joh 1:29 Gen 22:8 is an important passage in the background of the title Lamb of God as applied to Jesus. In Jewish thought this was held to be a supremely imp...

NET Notes: Joh 1:30 Or “has a higher rank than I.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:31 John the Baptist, who has been so reluctant to elaborate his own role, now more than willingly gives his testimony about Jesus. For the author, the em...

NET Notes: Joh 1:32 John says the Spirit remained on Jesus. The Greek verb μένω (menw) is a favorite Johannine word, used 40 times in the Gospel and 2...

NET Notes: Joh 1:34 ‡ What did John the Baptist declare about Jesus on this occasion? Did he say, “This is the Son of God” (οὗτό ...

NET Notes: Joh 1:35 “There” is not in the Greek text but is implied by current English idiom.

NET Notes: Joh 1:36 This section (1:35-51) is joined to the preceding by the literary expedient of repeating the Baptist’s testimony about Jesus being the Lamb of G...

NET Notes: Joh 1:37 The expression followed Jesus pictures discipleship, which means that to learn from Jesus is to follow him as the guiding priority of one’s life...

NET Notes: Joh 1:38 This is a parenthetical note by the author.

NET Notes: Joh 1:39 About four o’clock in the afternoon. What system of time reckoning is the author using? B. F. Westcott thought John, unlike the synoptic gospels...

NET Notes: Joh 1:40 Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: Joh 1:41 This is a parenthetical note by the author. See the note on Christ in 1:20.

NET Notes: Joh 1:42 This is a parenthetical note by the author. The change of name from Simon to Cephas is indicative of the future role he will play. Only John among the...

NET Notes: Joh 1:43 Grk “and Jesus said.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:44 Probably ἀπό (apo) indicates “originally from” in the sense of birthplace rather than current residence; Mark 1:21, 29 see...

NET Notes: Joh 1:45 “Also” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

NET Notes: Joh 1:46 Grk “And Philip said to him.”

NET Notes: Joh 1:47 An allusion to Ps 32:2.

NET Notes: Joh 1:48 Many have speculated about what Nathanael was doing under the fig tree. Meditating on the Messiah who was to come? A good possibility, since the fig t...

NET Notes: Joh 1:49 Nathanael’s confession – You are the Son of God; you are the King of Israel – is best understood as a confession of Jesus’ mes...

NET Notes: Joh 1:50 What are the greater things Jesus had in mind? In the narrative this forms an excellent foreshadowing of the miraculous signs which began at Cana of G...

NET Notes: Joh 1:51 The title Son of Man appears 13 times in John’s Gospel. It is associated especially with the themes of crucifixion (3:14; 8:28), revelation (6:2...

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