2 Samuel 23:8-39
names .... warriors .... Tahkemonite ...... officers ......... spear <08034 01368 08461 07675 07991 05722 06112> [A.M. 2949-2989. B.C. 1055-1015. An. Ex. Is. 436-476. The]
Tachmonite. or, Josheb-bassebet, the Tachmonite, head of the three.
It is highly probable that in this version instead of {yoshaiv bashshaiveth tachkemoni,} we should read {yoshavam ben chachmoni,} "Joshebeam, son of Hachmoni;' and instead of {hoo adino ha‰tzni, hoo “rair eth chanitho,} "he lift up his spear," which are the readings in the parallel place in Chronicles, where it is also, "three hundred," instead of "eight hundred."
killed <02491> [whom he slew. Heb. slain.]
Eleazar <0499> [Eleazar.]
[Dodai. defied.]
men <0376> [the men.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
army <05971> [and the people.]
<08048> [Shammah.]
[Shammoth the Harorite. the Philistines.]
<02416> [into a troop. or, for foraging.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
<07969> [three, etc. or, the three captains over the thirty.]
{Shalishim,} "captains," should most probably be read, instead of {shaloshim:} thirty {shalishim,} as it is in ver. 8, and Ex 14:7: where LXX. render [tristatas,] which Jerome (on Eze 33) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."
cave <04631> [the cave.]
valley <06010> [the valley.]
stronghold <04686> [an hold.]
garrison <04673> [garrison.]
thirsty <0183> [longed.]
Bethlehem <01035> [Bethlehem.]
Bethlehem signifies the "house of bread," and the place was likewise noted for excellent water. There Christ was born, who is the "bread of life," and who also gives us the "water of life." "The water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life."
three <07969> [the three.]
poured ... out <05258> [poured it.]
not <02486> [Be it far.]
blood <01818> [the blood.]
lives <05315> [jeopardy.]
Abishai <052> [Abishai.]
[and slew them. Heb. slain.]
<0935> [he attained.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
Kabzeel <06909> [Kabzeel.]
great exploits <07227 06467> [who had done many acts. Heb. great of acts. he slew.]
Ariel <0739> [lion-like men. Heb. lions of God.]
struck down .............. killed ... lion <0738 05221> [slew a lion.]
impressive-looking Egyptian <04758 0376> [a goodly man. Heb. a man of countenance, or sight. called.]
[a man of great stature. slew him.]
honor <03513> [more honourable. or, honourable among the thirty.]
bodyguard <04928> [over his guard. or, over his council. Heb. at his command.]
Asahel <06214> [Asahel.]
Shammah <08048> [Shammah.]
[Shammoth the Harorite.]
Paltite <06407> [Paltite.]
[Pelonite. Ira.]
Tekoa <08621> [Tekoite.]
Abiezer <044> [Abiezer.]
[Antothite.]
[Anetothite. Mebunnai.]
[Sibbecai.]
Maharai <04121> [Maharai.]
Heled <02460> [Heleb.]
[Heled.]
[Heldai. Ittai.]
[Ithai.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
Pirathonite <06553> [Pirathonite.]
Hiddai <01914> [Hiddai.]
[Hurai. brooks. or, valleys.]
Abi-Albon <045> [Abi-albon.]
[Abiel. Barhumite.]
[Baharumite.]
Jashen <03464> [Jashen.]
[Hashem, the Gizonite.]
Shammah <08048> [Shammah.]
Sharar <08325> [Sharar.]
[Sacar.]
Eliam <0463> [Eliam.]
Hezrai <02695> [Hezrai.]
[Hezro.]
Igal <03008> [Igal.]
[Joel.]
Zelek <06768> [Zelek.]
[Nahari.]
Ira <05896> [Ira.]
Uriah <0223> [Uriah.]
thirty-seven <07970 07651> [thirty and seven in all.]
From the number of these officers being thirty-seven, it is almost self-evident that {shalishim} cannot denote the thirty, as rendered in ver. 13, etc., but some particular description of men, or officers; for it can scarcely be said, with propriety, that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place in 1 Chronicles, there are sixteen added!
2 Samuel 23:1
final <0314> [A.M. 2989. B.C. 1015. An. Ex. Is. 476. the last.]
raised up <06965> [raised.]
chosen <04899> [the anointed.]
beloved singer of songs <02158 05273> [sweet psalmist.]
2 Samuel 19:8-19
sat ..... gate ............ sitting ..... gate <08179 03427> [sat in the gate.]
How prudently and mildly David took the reproof and counsel given him! He shook off his grief, anointed his head, and washed his face, that he might not appear unto men to mourn, and then made his appearance at the gate of the city, which was the public place of resort for the hearing of causes and giving judgment, as well as a place to ratify special bargains. Thither the people flocked to congratulate him on his and their safety, and that all was well. When we are convinced of a fault, we must amend, though we are told of it by our inferiors in a way which is peculiarly painful to our natural feelings. This ancient custom still obtains in the East; for when Dr. Pococke returned from viewing the town of ancient Byblus, he says, "The sheik and the elders were sitting in the gate of the city, after the ancient manner, and I sat awhile with them."
Israelite soldiers <03478> [for Israel.]
arguing <01777> [strife.]
king <04428> [The king.]
fled <01272> [he is fled.]
anointed <04886> [whom.]
died <04191> [is dead.]
hesitate ... bring <02790 07725> [speak ye not a word. Heb. are ye silent?]
sent <07971> [sent.]
Tell <01696> [Speak.]
bringing <0314> [Why are.]
very <06106> [my bones.]
Amasa <06021> [Amasa.]
God <0430> [God.]
place ... Joab <03097 08478> [room of Joab.]
won <05186> [he bowed.]
The measures that he pursued were the best calculated that could be adopted for accomplishing this salutary end. David appears to take no notice of their infidelity, but rather to place confidence in them, that their confidence in him might be naturally excited; and to oblige them yet farther, purposes to make Amasa general of the army, instead of Joab.
one <0259> [even.]
Gilgal <01537> [Gilgal.]
Shimei <08096> [Shimei.]
It appears that Shimei was a powerful chieftain in the land; for he had here in his retinue no less than a thousand men.
quickly <04116> [hasted.]
Ziba <06717> [Ziba.]
crossed ............ cross ............. crossed <05674> [And there.]
The LXX. connecting this the with preceding verse, render, [kai kateuthynan ton lordanen emposthen tou basileos, kai eleitourgesan ten leitourgian tou diabibasai ton basilea,] "and they made ready Jordan before the king, and did the necessary service to bring over the king;" and the Vulgate has, {et irrumpentes Jordanem, ante regem transierunt vada, ut traducerent domum regis,} "and breaking into Jordan, they passed the fords before the king, to bring over the king's household." Josephus says they prepared a bridge over the Jordan, to facilitate his passage.
whatever .... appropriate <05869 02896> [what he thought good. Heb. the good in his eyes. fell down.]
said <0559> [And said.]
lord ................ lord <0113> [Let not.]
recall <02142> [remember.]
<05753> [did perversely.]
don't ... it ... mind <07760 03820> [take it.]
