Exodus 8:1-28
Go ........... Release <0935 07971> [Go.]
people <05971> [Let my.]
refuse <03986> [refuse.]
frogs <06854> [frogs.]
The Hebrew {tzephardˆim} is evidently the same with the Arabic {zafda,} Chaldaic {oordeƒnaya,} and Syriac {oordeai,} all of which denote frogs, as almost all interpreters, both ancient and modern, agree to render it; Bochart conceives, from {tzifa,} a bank, and {radƒ,} mud, because of delighting in muddy and marshy places.
kneading troughs <04863> [kneading troughs. or, dough.]
frogs <06854> [and the frogs.]
Whether the frog among the Egyptians was an object of reverence or abhorrence is uncertain. It might have been both at the same time, as many objects are known to have been among particular nations; for proof of which see the very learned Jacob Bryant, on the Plagues of Egypt, pp. 31-34.
Pray <06279> [Intreat.]
people ....... people <05971> [and I will.]
honor .... when <06286 04970> [Glory over me. or, Have this honour over me.]
when <04970> [when. or, against when. to destroy. Heb. to cut of.]
Tomorrow <04279> [To-morrow. or, against to-morrow.]
Lord <03068> [there is none.]
land <0776> [and the.]
saw <07200> [saw.]
hardened <03513> [he hardened.]
Extend <05186> [Stretch.]
gnats <03654> [lice.]
The word {kinnim} is rendered by the LXX. [skiphes, skipes,] or [skn‚phes,] and by the Vulgate {sciniphes,} Gnats; and Mr. Harmer supposes he has found out the true meaning in the word {tarrentes,} a species of worm. Bochart, however, seems to have proved that lice, and not gnats, are meant; because, 1. they sprang from the dust, and not from the waters; 2. they were on both man and beast, which cannot be said of gnats; 3. their name is derived from {koon,} to make firm, fix, establish, which cannot agree with gnats, flies, etc., which are ever changing place, and almost constantly on the wing; 4. the term {kinnah} is used by the Talmudists to express the louse. This insect must have been a very dreadful and afflicting plague to the Egyptians, and especially to the priests, who were obliged to shave all their hair off, and to wear a single linen tunic, to prevent vermin harbouring about them.
gnats ... people ............ gnats <0120 03654> [lice in man.]
magicians <02748> [the magicians.]
could <03201> [they could.]
finger <0676> [This is.]
Pharaoh ......... Pharaoh's <06547> [and Pharaoh's.]
out <03318> [lo.]
people <05971> [Let my.]
swarms of flies ......................... flies <06157> [swarms. or, a mixture of noisome beasts, etc.]
The word {arov} is rendered [kunomwea,] kunomuia,] the dog-fly, by the LXX. (who are followed by the learned Bochart,) which must have been particularly hateful to the Egyptians, because they held dogs in the highest veneration, under which form they worshipped Anubis.
mark <06395> [sever.]
know <03045> [know.]
midst <07130> [midst.]
division <06304> [a division. Heb. a redemption.]
tomorrow <04279> [to-morrow. or, by to-morrow.]
came <0935> [there.]
land ..... land <0776> [the land.]
How intolerable a plague of flies can prove, is evident from the fact that whole districts have been laid waste by them. The inhabitants have been forced to quit their cities, not being able to stand against the flies and gnats with which they were pestered. Hence different people had deities whose office it was to defend them against flies. Among these may be reckoned Baalzebub, the fly-god of Ekron; Hercules, {muscarum abactor,} Hercules the expeller of flies; and hence Jupiter had the titles of [apomuios, muiagros, muiochoros,] because he was supposed to expel flies, and especially clear his temples of these insects. See Bryant.
ruined <07843> [corrupted. or destroyed.]
right <03559> [It is not.]
sacrifices ................... sacrifices <02076> [we shall.]
abomination ............ abomination <08441> [the abomination. i.e.,]
The animals which they worshipped; for an account of which, see note on ch. 9:3.
three-day <07969> [three days'.]
telling <0559> [as he shall.]
release <07971> [I will.]
pray <06279> [intreat.]
