Ruth 2:1--3:18
<04129> [kinsman.]
wealthy <01368> [a mighty.]
Boaz <01162> [Boaz.]
Boaz, according the Targumist, was the same as Ibzan.
[Booz.]
gather grain <03950 07641> [glean ears.]
gathered <03950> [gleaned.]
happened ... end up <04745 07136> [hap was. Heb. hap happened.]
Lord ......... Lord <03068> [The Lord.]
greeted ........... replied <0559> [And they.]
servant <05288> [the servant.]
This seems to have been a kind of steward, who had the under- management of the estate.
Moabite <04125> [It is the.]
follow <03950> [I pray.]
working hard <05975> [continued.]
resting hut <01004> [in the house.]
It seems that the reapers were now resting in a tent, erected for that purpose; and that Ruth had just gone in with them, to take her rest also.
dear <01323> [my daughter.]
beyond <05674> [neither.]
limits <01692> [abide.]
leave ... alone ..... thirsty <05060 06770> [touch thee.]
follow ...................... go <01980> [go.]
knelt <05307> [fell.]
kind <04672> [Why have.]
foreigner <05237> [seeing.]
done <06213> [all that.]
left <05800> [and how.]
reward <07999> [recompense.]
<03671> [wings.]
kind <04672> [Let me find. or, I find favour.]
encouraged <03820> [friendly. Heb. to the heart.]
one <0259> [not like.]
mealtime <06256> [At meal-time.]
Dip ... bread <06595 02881> [dip thy morsel.]
Vinegar, robb of fruits, etc., are used for this purpose in the East to the present day; into which, says Dr. Shaw, they dip the bread and hand together.
roasted grain <07039> [parched.]
have some food ....................... ate <0398> [she did.]
full <07646> [was sufficed.]
gather ......... her gather grain ...... Don't chase her <03950> [glean.]
The word glean comes from the French {glaner} to gather ears or grains of corn. This was formerly a general custom in England and Ireland: the poor went into the fields, and collected the straggling ears of corn after the reapers; and it was long supposed that this was their right, and that the law recognized it; but although it has been an old custom, it is now settled by a solemn judgment of the Court of Common Pleas, that a right to glean in the harvest field cannot be claimed by any person at common law. Any person may permit or prevent it on his own grounds. By the Irish Acts, 25 Henry VIII. c. 1, and 28 Henry VIII. c. 24, gleaning and leasing are so restricted as to be in fact prohibited in that part of the United Kingdom.
off <03637> [reproach. Heb. shame.]
gathered .............. gathered <03950> [she gleaned.]
pounds <0374> [ephah.]
saved <03498> [she had reserved.]
rewarded <01288> [blessed.]
Boaz <01162> [Boaz.]
rewarded <01288> [Blessed.]
because .... shown <05800> [hath not.]
guardian <01350> [one of our. or, one that hath right to redeem.]
gathering <01692> [Thou shalt.]
servants <05288> [young men.]
The word {hann‰ƒrim} should be translated the servants; both male and female being included in it, the latter especially: see ver. 8, 22, 23.
Ruth <07327> [Ruth.]
Ruth is said, by the Targumist, to have been the daughter of Eglon, king of Moab.
good <02896> [It is good.]
harmed <06293> [meet. or, fall not upon thee.]
find <01245> [shall I not.]
secure <03190> [may be.]
Boaz <01162> [is not Boaz.]
female servants <05291> [with whose.]
winnowing <02219> [he winnoweth.]
It is probable that the winnowing of grain was effected by taking up a portion of the corn in a sieve, and letting it down slowly in the wind; thus the grain would, by its own weight, fall in one place, while the chaff, etc., would be carried a distance by the wind. It is said here that this was done at night; probably what was threshed out in the day was winnowed in the evening, when the sea breeze set in, which was common in Palestine.
rub on some perfumed oil ... get <05480 07760> [anoint thee.]
get dressed up <07760 08071> [put thy.]
uncover ... legs <04772 01540> [uncover his feet. or, lift up the clothes that are on his feet.]
did <06213> [and did.]
feeling <03820> [his heart.]
lay down to sleep ............ crept up ....... lay down <0935 07901> [went to lie.]
Such was the simplicity of those early times, that the most wealthy persons looked after their own affairs, both at home and in the field. These threshing-floors were covered at top to keep off the rain, but lay open on all sides, that the wind might come in freely, for winnowing the corn; which being done, it is probable they were shut up at night, with doors fitted to them, that if any one lay there he might be kept warm, and the corn be secured from robbers.
Ruth <07327> [Ruth.]
Marry <06566 03671> [spread therefore.]
Hebrew "spread thy wing;" the emblem of protection; and a metaphor taken from the young of fowls, which run under the wings of their mother from birds of prey. Even to the present day, when a Jew marries a woman, he throws the skirts of his {talith} over her, to signify that he has taken her under his protection.
guardian of the family interests <01350> [a near kinsman. or, one that has right to redeem.]
rewarded <01288> [Blessed.]
before <07223> [at the beginning.]
village <08179> [city. Heb. gate.]
there <03426> [there is.]
agrees ....... him ......... want .... so ... promise ......... marry .... here <01350 02654> [if he will.]
surely .... Lord <02416 03068> [the Lord liveth.]
know <03045> [Let it not.]
shawl <04304> [vail. or sheet, or apron.]
The word {mitpachath} has been variously rendered. The LXX. translate it [ ,] an apron, and Vulgate, {pallium,} a cloak. By the circumstances of the story, it must have been of a considerable size; and accordingly Dr. Shaw thinks it was no other than the {hyke,} the finer sort of which, such as are still worn by ladies and persons of distinction among the Arabs, he takes to answer to the [ ,] or robe, of the ancient Greeks.
measured out <04058> [he measured.]
sixty .... barley <08337 08184> [six measures.]
The quantity of this barley is uncertain. The Targum renders it, {shith sein,} "six {seahs."} A {seah} contained about two gallons and a half, six of which must have been a very heavy load for a woman, and so the Targumist thought, for he adds, "And she received strength from the Lord to carry it."
daughter <01323> [Who art thou.]
Or, as the Vulgate renders, {Quid egisti filia?} "What hast thou done, my daughter?"
Stay <03427> [Sit still.]
