2 Samuel 23
1 David, in his last words, professes his faith in God's promises to be beyond sense or experience.
6 The different state of the wicked.
8 A catalogue of David's mighty men.
final <0314> [A.M. 2989. B.C. 1015. An. Ex. Is. 476. the last.]
raised up <06965> [raised.]
chosen <04899> [the anointed.]
beloved singer of songs <02158 05273> [sweet psalmist.]
God ........................... God <0430> [God.]
protector <06697> [the Rock.]
rules ........ rules <04910> [He that ruleth. or, Be thou ruler, etc.]
fairly <06662> [must be just.]
rules ........ rules <04910> [ruling.]
light <0216> [as the light.]
[mourning.]
grass <01877> [tender.]
dynasty ................................ fruition <01004 06779> [Although.]
made <07760> [he hath made.]
particulars <08104> [and sure.]
delivers <03468> [all my salvation.]
desire <02656> [desire.]
fruition <06779> [to grow.]
evil <01100> [the sons.]
thorns <06975> [thorns.]
instrument <04390> [fenced. Heb. filled. and they shall.]
names .... warriors .... Tahkemonite ...... officers ......... spear <08034 01368 08461 07675 07991 05722 06112> [A.M. 2949-2989. B.C. 1055-1015. An. Ex. Is. 436-476. The]
Tachmonite. or, Josheb-bassebet, the Tachmonite, head of the three.
It is highly probable that in this version instead of {yoshaiv bashshaiveth tachkemoni,} we should read {yoshavam ben chachmoni,} "Joshebeam, son of Hachmoni;' and instead of {hoo adino ha‰tzni, hoo “rair eth chanitho,} "he lift up his spear," which are the readings in the parallel place in Chronicles, where it is also, "three hundred," instead of "eight hundred."
killed <02491> [whom he slew. Heb. slain.]
Eleazar <0499> [Eleazar.]
[Dodai. defied.]
men <0376> [the men.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
army <05971> [and the people.]
<08048> [Shammah.]
[Shammoth the Harorite. the Philistines.]
<02416> [into a troop. or, for foraging.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
<07969> [three, etc. or, the three captains over the thirty.]
{Shalishim,} "captains," should most probably be read, instead of {shaloshim:} thirty {shalishim,} as it is in ver. 8, and Ex 14:7: where LXX. render [tristatas,] which Jerome (on Eze 33) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."
cave <04631> [the cave.]
valley <06010> [the valley.]
stronghold <04686> [an hold.]
garrison <04673> [garrison.]
thirsty <0183> [longed.]
Bethlehem <01035> [Bethlehem.]
Bethlehem signifies the "house of bread," and the place was likewise noted for excellent water. There Christ was born, who is the "bread of life," and who also gives us the "water of life." "The water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life."
three <07969> [the three.]
poured ... out <05258> [poured it.]
not <02486> [Be it far.]
blood <01818> [the blood.]
lives <05315> [jeopardy.]
Abishai <052> [Abishai.]
[and slew them. Heb. slain.]
<0935> [he attained.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
Kabzeel <06909> [Kabzeel.]
great exploits <07227 06467> [who had done many acts. Heb. great of acts. he slew.]
Ariel <0739> [lion-like men. Heb. lions of God.]
struck down .............. killed ... lion <0738 05221> [slew a lion.]
impressive-looking Egyptian <04758 0376> [a goodly man. Heb. a man of countenance, or sight. called.]
[a man of great stature. slew him.]
honor <03513> [more honourable. or, honourable among the thirty.]
bodyguard <04928> [over his guard. or, over his council. Heb. at his command.]
Asahel <06214> [Asahel.]
Shammah <08048> [Shammah.]
[Shammoth the Harorite.]
Paltite <06407> [Paltite.]
[Pelonite. Ira.]
Tekoa <08621> [Tekoite.]
Abiezer <044> [Abiezer.]
[Antothite.]
[Anetothite. Mebunnai.]
[Sibbecai.]
Maharai <04121> [Maharai.]
Heled <02460> [Heleb.]
[Heled.]
[Heldai. Ittai.]
[Ithai.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
Pirathonite <06553> [Pirathonite.]
Hiddai <01914> [Hiddai.]
[Hurai. brooks. or, valleys.]
Abi-Albon <045> [Abi-albon.]
[Abiel. Barhumite.]
[Baharumite.]
Jashen <03464> [Jashen.]
[Hashem, the Gizonite.]
Shammah <08048> [Shammah.]
Sharar <08325> [Sharar.]
[Sacar.]
Eliam <0463> [Eliam.]
Hezrai <02695> [Hezrai.]
[Hezro.]
Igal <03008> [Igal.]
[Joel.]
Zelek <06768> [Zelek.]
[Nahari.]
Ira <05896> [Ira.]
Uriah <0223> [Uriah.]
thirty-seven <07970 07651> [thirty and seven in all.]
From the number of these officers being thirty-seven, it is almost self-evident that {shalishim} cannot denote the thirty, as rendered in ver. 13, etc., but some particular description of men, or officers; for it can scarcely be said, with propriety, that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place in 1 Chronicles, there are sixteen added!
