Exodus 28
1 Aaron and his sons are set apart for the priest's office.
2 Holy garments are appointed.
6 The ephod and girdle.
15 The breast-plate with twelve precious stones.
30 The Urim and Thummim.
31 The robe of the ephod, with pomegranates and bells.
36 The plate of the mitre.
39 The embroidered coat.
40 The garments for Aaron's sons.
near <07126> [take.]
among <08432> [among.]
Nadab <05070> [Nadab.]
holy garments <06944 0899> [holy garments.]
glory <03519> [glory.]
specially skilled <03820 02450> [wise hearted.]
filled <04390> [filled.]
breastpiece <02833> [a breastplate.]
{Choshen,} in Hebrew is used for the square breast-plate of the high priest, in which were set twelve precious stones, each being engraved with the name of one of the sons of Jacob.
ephod <0646> [ephod.]
The ephod seems to have been a short cloak, without sleeves.
robe <04598> [a robe.]
The word {meil,} from {Æ’lah,} to ascend, go up on, may be considered as an upper garment that goes up or over the rest, a surtout.
fitted <08665> [broidered.]
turban <04701> [a mitre.]
sash <073> [a girdle.]
gold <02091> [gold.]
fine ... linen <08336> [linen.]
waistband <02805> [curious. or, embroidered.]
onyx <07718> [onyx.]
engrave <06605> [grave.]
order of their birth <08435> [according to their birth.]
engravings .... seal <02368 06603> [engravings of a signet.]
[ounces of gold.]
shoulders ......................... shoulders <03802> [the shoulders.]
Aaron ... bear <05375 0175> [Aaron shall bear.]
memorial ...................... memorial <02146> [for a memorial.]
braided chains ... pure ......... chains <08333 02889> [chains of.]
cord ..... chains <05688> [of wreathen.]
breastpiece <02833> [the breastplate.]
work <04639> [after.]
set <04390> [thou shalt.]
set ..... setting ... stones ..... stones <04396 068 04390> [set in it settings of stones. Heb. fill in its fillings of stone. the first row.]
ruby <0124> [a sardius, or, ruby.]
The Hebrew {odem,} from {adam,} to be red, ruddy, seems to denote the ruby; as {adam} does in Persian a beautiful gem, of a fine deep red colour, with a mixture of purple.
topaz <06357> [a topaz.]
{Pitdah,} is constantly rendered by the LXX. [topazion,] and Vulgate, {topazius,} with which agrees Josephus. The topaz is a precious stone, of a pale, dead green, with a mixture of yellow, sometimes of a fine yellow; and hence called chrysolyte by the moderns, from its gold colour.
beryl <01304> [a carbuncle.]
{Bareketh,} from {barak,} to lighten, glitter, a very elegant gem, of a deep red colour, with a mixture of scarlet.
turquoise <05306> [emerald.]
{Nophech,} an emerald, the same with the ancient {smaragdus;} one of the most beautiful of all the gems, and of a bright green colour, without any mixture.
sapphire <05601> [sapphire.]
emerald <03095> [diamond.]
jacinth <03958> [a ligure.]
agate <07618> [an agate.]
chrysolite <08658> [a beryl.]
onyx <07718> [an onyx. See on ver.]
jasper <03471> [a jasper.]
filigree settings <04396> [inclosings. Heb. fillings.]
twelve .............. twelve <08147> [twelve.]
twelve .............. twelve <08147> [according to the twelve.]
chains .... attach ........ attach them <05688 05414> [wreathen chains.]
[on the shoulder pieces.]
ephod <0646> [of the ephod.]
waistband <02805> [the curious girdle.]
cord <06616> [a lace.]
breastpiece <02833> [in the.]
heart <03820> [upon.]
memorial <02146> [a.]
Urim <0224> [the Urim and Thummim.]
[\^Mymth taw Myrwa ta\^] the Urim and Thummim, lights and perfections; rendered by the LXX. [\~dhlwsiv kai alhyeia\~,] manifestation and truth; and, by the Vulgate, {doctrina et veritas,} doctrine and truth. Among the various and contradictory opinions respecting the form and substance of these mysterious appendages, the most probable seems to be that of Josephus, Philo, Bp. Patrick, Parkhurst, and the Jewish writers generally; who state, that they were no other than the twelve precious stones of the high priest's breastplate. In support of this statement, it is observed, 1. That in the description of the high priest's breastplate, Exod. 39:8, et seq., the Urim and Thummim are not mentioned, but only the rows of stones; and on the contrary, in Lev. 8:8, the Urim and Thummim are expressly mentioned, but not a word is said of the four rows of stones. 2. As Moses has given such a particular description of every thing relative to the high priest's dress, these would certainly have been described had they been different from what was previously mentioned.
decision .................... bear ... decisions <04941 05375> [bear the judgment.]
heart .................... heart <03820> [upon his heart.]
opening ................ opening ......... opening <06310> [as it were.]
torn <07167> [that it be not rent.]
purple ... scarlet ..... hem ... bells <07757 0713 08144 06472> [And.]
hem <07757> [hem. or, skirts. pomegranates.]
bells <06472> [bells.]
when ... enters ... Holy <0935 06944> [goeth in.]
plate ... pure gold <06731 02889 02091> [a plate of pure gold.]
The word {tzitz,} which we translate a plate, properly signifies a flower. It is rendered by the LXX. [petalon,] a leaf, and is called {nezer,} a crown in ch. 29:6 and [diadema,] a diadem, by the author of the book of Wisdom, ch. 28:24. Josephus says that it was adorned with three rows of the flower which the Greeks call [kyanos.] It was two fingers broad, of a circular form, suited to the shape of the head, and so long that it reached from ear to ear, and was fastened upon a blue lace or ribband, which was tied behind the head; and as the plate reached only half round the head, the remaining part of the ribband was highly ornamented with artificial flowers.
engrave <06605 06603> [grave upon it.]
Holiness <06944> [HOLINESS.]
blue <08504> [blue.]
turban ........... turban <04701> [the mitre it.]
bear ... iniquity <05771 05375> [bear the iniquity.]
acceptance <07522> [accepted.]
weave <07660> [embroider.]
sash <073> [the girdle.]
embroiderer <07551> [needlework.]
Aaron's <0175> [Aaron's.]
headbands <04021> [bonnets.]
glory <03519> [glory.]
anoint .... ordain <04886 04390> [anoint them.]
ordain ...... apart <04390 06942> [and consecrate them. Heb. fill their hand.]
minister <03547> [minister.]
undergarments <04370> [breeches.]
bodies <01320> [their nakedness. Heb. flesh of their nakedness. reach.]
Heb. be.
altar <04196> [unto the altar.]
bear ... iniquity <05771 05375> [bear not iniquity.]
ordinance <02708> [a statute.]
