Galatians 1:6
Context1:6 I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one 1 who called you by the grace of Christ 2 and are following 3 a different 4 gospel –
Galatians 2:5
Context2:5 But 5 we did not surrender to them 6 even for a moment, 7 in order that the truth of the gospel would remain with you. 8
Galatians 2:21
Context2:21 I do not set aside 9 God’s grace, because if righteousness 10 could come through the law, then Christ died for nothing! 11
Galatians 3:23
Context3:23 Now before faith 12 came we were held in custody under the law, being kept as prisoners 13 until the coming faith would be revealed.
Galatians 4:3
Context4:3 So also we, when we were minors, 14 were enslaved under the basic forces 15 of the world.
Galatians 5:11
Context5:11 Now, brothers and sisters, 16 if I am still preaching circumcision, why am I still being persecuted? 17 In that case the offense of the cross 18 has been removed. 19
Galatians 5:22
Context5:22 But the fruit of the Spirit 20 is love, 21 joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 22
Galatians 5:24
Context5:24 Now those who belong to Christ 23 have crucified the flesh 24 with its passions 25 and desires.
Galatians 6:16
Context6:16 And all who will behave 26 in accordance with this rule, peace and mercy be on them, and on the Israel of God. 27


[1:6] 1 sn The one who called you is a reference to God the Father (note the mention of Christ in the following prepositional phrase and the mention of God the Father in 1:1).
[1:6] 2 tc Although the majority of witnesses, including some of the most important ones (Ì51 א A B Fc Ψ 33 1739 1881 Ï f vg syp bo), read “by the grace of Christ” (χάριτι Χριστοῦ, cariti Cristou) here, this reading is not without variables. Besides alternate readings such as χάριτι ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ (cariti Ihsou Cristou, “by the grace of Jesus Christ”; D 326 1241s pc syh**) and χάριτι θεοῦ (cariti qeou, “by the grace of God”; 327 pc Thretlem), a few
[1:6] 3 tn Grk “deserting [turning away] to” a different gospel, implying the idea of “following.”
[2:5] 5 tn Grk “slaves, nor did we…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, οὐδέ (oude) was translated as “But…even” and a new sentence started in the translation at the beginning of v. 5.
[2:5] 6 tn Or “we did not cave in to their demands.”
[2:5] 7 tn Grk “even for an hour” (an idiom for a very short period of time).
[2:5] 8 sn In order that the truth of the gospel would remain with you. Paul evidently viewed the demands of the so-called “false brothers” as a departure from the truth contained in the gospel he preached. This was a very serious charge (see Gal 1:8).
[2:21] 9 tn Or “I do not declare invalid,” “I do not nullify.”
[2:21] 10 tn Or “justification.”
[2:21] 11 tn Or “without cause,” “for no purpose.”
[3:23] 13 tn Or “the faithfulness [of Christ] came.”
[3:23] 14 tc Instead of the present participle συγκλειόμενοι (sunkleiomenoi; found in Ì46 א A B D* F G P Ψ 33 1739 al), C D1 0176 0278 Ï have the perfect συγκεκλεισμένοι (sunkekleismenoi). The syntactical implication of the perfect is that the cause or the means of being held in custody was confinement (“we were held in custody [by/because of] being confined”). The present participle of course allows for such options, but also allows for contemporaneous time (“while being confined”) and result (“with the result that we were confined”). Externally, the perfect participle has little to commend it, being restricted for the most part to later and Byzantine witnesses.
[4:3] 17 tn See the note on the word “minor” in 4:1.
[4:3] 18 tn Or “basic principles,” “elemental things,” or “elemental spirits.” Some interpreters take this as a reference to supernatural powers who controlled nature and/or human fate.
[5:11] 21 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.
[5:11] 22 sn That is, if Paul still teaches observance of the Mosaic law (preaches circumcision), why is he still being persecuted by his opponents, who insist that Gentile converts to Christianity must observe the Mosaic law?
[5:11] 23 sn The offense of the cross refers to the offense to Jews caused by preaching Christ crucified.
[5:22] 25 tn That is, the fruit the Spirit produces.
[5:22] 26 sn Another way to punctuate this is “love” followed by a colon (love: joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control). It is thus possible to read the eight characteristics following “love” as defining love.
[5:22] 27 tn Or “reliability”; see BDAG 818 s.v. πίστις 1.a.
[5:24] 29 tc ‡ Some
[5:24] 30 tn See the note on the word “flesh” in Gal 5:13.
[5:24] 31 tn The Greek term παθήμασιν (paqhmasin, translated “passions”) refers to strong physical desires, especially of a sexual nature (L&N 25.30).
[6:16] 33 tn The same Greek verb, στοιχέω (stoicew), occurs in Gal 5:25.
[6:16] 34 tn The word “and” (καί) can be interpreted in two ways: (1) It could be rendered as “also” which would indicate that two distinct groups are in view, namely “all who will behave in accordance with this rule” and “the Israel of God.” Or (2) it could be rendered “even,” which would indicate that “all who behave in accordance with this rule” are “the Israel of God.” In other words, in this latter view, “even” = “that is.”