Leviticus 14:49

14:49 Then he ¹  is to take two birds, a piece of cedar wood, a scrap of crimson fabric, and some twigs of hyssop ²  to decontaminate ³  the house,

Leviticus 3:4

3:4 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ⁴ 

Leviticus 3:10

3:10 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ⁵ 

Leviticus 3:15

3:15 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ⁶ 

Leviticus 4:9

4:9 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys) ⁷ 

Leviticus 7:4

7:4 the two kidneys and the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he must remove along with the kidneys). ⁸ 

Leviticus 8:16

8:16 Then he ⁹  took all the fat on the entrails, the protruding lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and their fat, ¹⁰  and Moses offered it all up in smoke on the altar, ¹¹ 

Leviticus 14:4

14:4 then the priest will command that two live clean birds, a piece of cedar wood, a scrap of crimson fabric, ¹²  and some twigs of hyssop ¹³  be taken up ¹⁴  for the one being cleansed. ¹⁵ 

Leviticus 15:29

15:29 Then on the eighth day she must take for herself two turtledoves or two young pigeons ¹⁶  and she must bring them to the priest at the entrance of the Meeting Tent,

Leviticus 5:7

5:7 “‘If he cannot afford an animal from the flock, ¹⁷  he must bring his penalty for guilt for his sin that he has committed, ¹⁸  two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ¹⁹  to the Lord, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering.

Leviticus 8:25

8:25 Then he took the fat (the fatty tail, ²⁰  all the fat on the entrails, the protruding lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and their fat ²¹ ) and the right thigh, ²² 

Leviticus 12:8

12:8 If she cannot afford a sheep, ²³  then she must take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ²⁴  one for a burnt offering and one for a sin offering, and the priest is to make atonement on her behalf, and she will be clean.’” ²⁵ 

Leviticus 15:14

15:14 Then on the eighth day he is to take for himself two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ²⁶  and he is to present himself ²⁷  before the Lord at the entrance of the Meeting Tent and give them to the priest,

Leviticus 16:21

16:21 Aaron is to lay his two hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the iniquities of the Israelites and all their transgressions in regard to all their sins, ²⁸  and thus he is to put them ²⁹  on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man standing ready. ³⁰ 

[14:49]  ¹ tn The pronoun “he” refers to the priest mentioned in the previous verse.

[14:49]  ² tn Regarding these ritual materials, see the note on v. 4 above.

[14:49]  ³ tn Regarding the Piel of חָטָא (khata’, cf. v. 52) meaning to “decontaminate” or “perform a decontamination,” see the notes on Lev 8:15 and 9:15.

[3:4]  ⁴ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.” Cf. NRSV “the appendage of the liver”; NIV “the covering of the liver” (KJV “the caul above the liver”).

[3:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[3:15]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[4:9]  ¹³ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[7:4]  ¹⁶ tn See the notes on Lev 3:3-4.

[8:16]  ¹⁹ tn Again, Aaron probably performed the slaughter and collected the fat parts (v. 16a), but Moses presented it all on the altar (v. 16b; cf. the note on v. 15 above).

[8:16]  ²⁰ sn See Lev 3:3-4 for the terminology of fat and kidneys here.

[8:16]  ²¹ tn Heb “toward the altar” (see the note on Lev 1:9).

[14:4]  ²² tn The term rendered here “crimson fabric” consists of two Hebrew words and means literally, “crimson of worm” (in this order only in Lev 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52 and Num 19:6; for the more common reverse order, “worm of crimson,” see, e.g., the colored fabrics used in making the tabernacle, Exod 25:4, etc.). This particular “worm” is an insect that lives on the leaves of palm trees, the eggs of which are the source for a “crimson” dye used to color various kinds of cloth (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 86). That a kind of dyed “fabric” is intended, not just the dye substance itself, is made certain by the dipping of it along with the other ritual materials listed here into the blood and water mixture for sprinkling on the person being cleansed (Lev 14:6; cf. also the burning of it in the fire of the red heifer in Num 19:6). Both the reddish color of cedar wood and the crimson colored fabric seem to correspond to the color of blood and may, therefore, symbolize either “life,” which is in the blood, or the use of blood to “make atonement” (see, e.g., Gen 9:4 and Lev 17:11). See further the note on v. 7 below.

[14:4]  ²³ sn Twigs of hyssop (probably one or several species of marjoram thymus), a spice and herb plant that grows out of walls in Palestine (see 1 Kgs 4:33 [5:13 HT], HALOT 27 s.v. אֵזוֹב, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 195), were particularly leafy and therefore especially useful for sprinkling the purifying liquid (cf. vv. 5-7). Many of the details of the ritual procedure are obscure. It has been proposed, for example, that the “cedar wood” was a stick to which the hyssop was bound with the crimson material to make a sort of sprinkling instrument (Hartley, 195). In light of the burning of these three materials as part of the preparation of the ashes of the red heifer in Num 19:5-6, however, this seems unlikely.

[14:4]  ²⁴ tn The MT reads literally, “And the priest shall command and he shall take.” Clearly, the second verb (“and he shall take”) contains the thrust of the priest’s command, which suggests the translation “that he take” (cf. also v. 5a). Since the priest issues the command here, he cannot be the subject of the second verb because he cannot be commanding himself to “take” up these ritual materials. Moreover, since the ritual is being performed “for the one being cleansed,” the antecedent of the pronoun “he” cannot refer to him. The LXX, Smr, and Syriac versions have the third person plural here and in v. 5a, which corresponds to other combinations with the verb וְצִוָּה (vÿtsivvah) “and he (the priest) shall command” in this context (see Lev 13:54; 14:36, 40). This suggests an impersonal (i.e., “someone shall take” and “someone shall slaughter,” respectively) or perhaps even passive rendering of the verbs in 14:4, 5 (i.e., “there shall be taken” and “there shall be slaughtered,” respectively). The latter option has been chosen here.

[14:4]  ²⁵ tn Heb “the one cleansing himself” (i.e., Hitpael participle of טָהֵר, taher, “to be clean”).

[15:29]  ²⁵ tn Heb “from the sons of the pigeon,” referring either to “young pigeons” or “various species of pigeon” (contrast J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:168 with J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 14; cf. Lev 1:14 and esp. 5:7-10).

[5:7]  ²⁸ tn Heb “and if his hand does not reach enough of a flock animal” (see the note on v. 11 below). The term translated “animal from the flock” (שֶׂה, seh) is often translated “lamb” (e.g., KJV, NASB, NIV, NCV) or “sheep” (e.g., NRSV, TEV, NLT), but it clearly includes either a sheep or a goat here (cf. v. 6), referring to the smaller pasture animals as opposed to the larger ones (i.e., cattle; cf. 4:3). Some English versions use the more generic “animal” (e.g., NAB, CEV).

[5:7]  ²⁹ tn Heb “and he shall bring his guilt which he sinned,” which is an abbreviated form of Lev 5:6, “and he shall bring his [penalty for] guilt to the Lord for his sin which he committed.” The words “for his sin” have been left out in v. 7, and “to the Lord” has been moved so that it follows the mention of the birds.

[5:7]  ³⁰ tn See the note on Lev 1:14 above.

[8:25]  ³¹ tn See Lev 3:9.

[8:25]  ³² tn See Lev 8:16.

[8:25]  ³³ tn See Lev 7:32-34.

[12:8]  ³⁴ tn Heb “If her hand cannot find the sufficiency of a sheep.” Many English versions render this as “lamb.”

[12:8]  ³⁵ tn Heb “from the sons of the pigeon,” referring either to “young pigeons” or “various species of pigeon” (contrast J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:168, with J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 14; cf. Lev 1:14 and esp. 5:7-10).

[12:8]  ³⁶ tn Or “she will be[come] pure.”

[15:14]  ³⁷ tn Heb “from the sons of the pigeon,” referring either to “young pigeons” or “various species of pigeon” (contrast J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:168 with J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 14; cf. Lev 1:14 and esp. 5:7-10).

[15:14]  ³⁸ tc The MT has the Qal form of the verb בּוֹא (bo’) “to come” here, but the LXX (followed generally by the Syriac and Tg. Ps.-J.) reflects the Hiphil form of the same verb, “to bring” as in v. 29 below. In v. 29, however, there is no additional clause “and give them to the priest,” so the Hiphil is necessary in that context while it is not necessary here in v. 14.

[16:21]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “transgressions to all their sins.”

[16:21]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “and he shall give them.”

[16:21]  ⁴² tn The meaning of the Hebrew term עִתִּי (’itti) is uncertain. It is apparently related to עֵת (’et, “time”), and could perhaps mean either that he has been properly “appointed” (i.e., designated) for the task (e.g., NIV and NRSV) or “ready” (e.g., NASB and NEB).