Advanced Commentary

Texts -- Genesis 6:9--8:22 (NET)

Context
The Judgment of the Flood
6:9 This is the account of Noah . Noah was a godly man ; he was blameless among his contemporaries . He walked with God . 6:10 Noah had three sons : Shem , Ham , and Japheth . 6:11 The earth was ruined in the sight of God ; the earth was filled with violence . 6:12 God saw the earth , and indeed it was ruined , for all living creatures on the earth were sinful . 6:13 So God said to Noah , “I have decided that all living creatures must die , for the earth is filled with violence because of them. Now I am about to destroy them and the earth . 6:14 Make for yourself an ark of cypress wood . Make rooms in the ark , and cover it with pitch inside and out . 6:15 This is how you should make it: The ark is to be 450 feet long , 75 feet wide , and 45 feet high . 6:16 Make a roof for the ark and finish it, leaving 18 inches from the top . Put a door in the side of the ark , and make lower , middle , and upper decks . 6:17 I am about to bring floodwaters on the earth to destroy from under the sky all the living creatures that have the breath of life in them. Everything that is on the earth will die , 6:18 but I will confirm my covenant with you. You will enter the ark – you , your sons , your wife , and your sons ’ wives with you. 6:19 You must bring into the ark two of every kind of living creature from all flesh , male and female , to keep them alive with you. 6:20 Of the birds after their kinds , and of the cattle after their kinds , and of every creeping thing of the ground after its kind , two of every kind will come to you so you can keep them alive . 6:21 And you must take for yourself every kind of food that is eaten , and gather it together . It will be food for you and for them. 6:22 And Noah did all that God commanded him– he did indeed . 7:1 The Lord said to Noah , “Come into the ark , you and all your household , for I consider you godly among this generation . 7:2 You must take with you seven of every kind of clean animal , the male and its mate , two of every kind of unclean animal , the male and its mate , 7:3 and also seven of every kind of bird in the sky , male and female , to preserve their offspring on the face of the earth . 7:4 For in seven days I will cause it to rain on the earth for forty days and forty nights , and I will wipe from the face of the ground every living thing that I have made .” 7:5 And Noah did all that the Lord commanded him. 7:6 Noah was 600 years old when the floodwaters engulfed the earth . 7:7 Noah entered the ark along with his sons , his wife , and his sons ’ wives because of the floodwaters . 7:8 Pairs of clean animals , of unclean animals , of birds , and of everything that creeps along the ground , 7:9 male and female , came into the ark to Noah , just as God had commanded him . 7:10 And after seven days the floodwaters engulfed the earth . 7:11 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life , in the second month , on the seventeenth day of the month – on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst open and the floodgates of the heavens were opened . 7:12 And the rain fell on the earth forty days and forty nights . 7:13 On that very day Noah entered the ark , accompanied by his sons Shem , Ham , and Japheth , along with his wife and his sons ’ three wives . 7:14 They entered, along with every living creature after its kind , every animal after its kind , every creeping thing that creeps on the earth after its kind , and every bird after its kind , everything with wings . 7:15 Pairs of all creatures that have the breath of life came into the ark to Noah . 7:16 Those that entered were male and female , just as God commanded him. Then the Lord shut him in. 7:17 The flood engulfed the earth for forty days . As the waters increased , they lifted the ark and raised it above the earth . 7:18 The waters completely overwhelmed the earth , and the ark floated on the surface of the waters . 7:19 The waters completely inundated the earth so that even all the high mountains under the entire sky were covered . 7:20 The waters rose more than twenty feet above the mountains . 7:21 And all living things that moved on the earth died , including the birds , domestic animals , wild animals , all the creatures that swarm over the earth , and all humankind . 7:22 Everything on dry land that had the breath of life in its nostrils died . 7:23 So the Lord destroyed every living thing that was on the surface of the ground , including people , animals, creatures that creep along the ground , and birds of the sky . They were wiped off the earth . Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived . 7:24 The waters prevailed over the earth for 150 days . 8:1 But God remembered Noah and all the wild animals and domestic animals that were with him in the ark . God caused a wind to blow over the earth and the waters receded . 8:2 The fountains of the deep and the floodgates of heaven were closed , and the rain stopped falling from the sky . 8:3 The waters kept receding steadily from the earth , so that they had gone down by the end of the 150 days . 8:4 On the seventeenth day of the seventh month , the ark came to rest on one of the mountains of Ararat . 8:5 The waters kept on receding until the tenth month . On the first day of the tenth month , the tops of the mountains became visible . 8:6 At the end of forty days , Noah opened the window he had made in the ark 8:7 and sent out a raven ; it kept flying back and forth until the waters had dried up on the earth . 8:8 Then Noah sent out a dove to see if the waters had receded from the surface of the ground . 8:9 The dove could not find a resting place for its feet because water still covered the surface of the entire earth , and so it returned to Noah in the ark . He stretched out his hand , took the dove, and brought it back into the ark . 8:10 He waited seven more days and then sent out the dove again from the ark . 8:11 When the dove returned to him in the evening , there was a freshly plucked olive leaf in its beak ! Noah knew that the waters had receded from the earth . 8:12 He waited another seven days and sent the dove out again , but it did not return to him this time. 8:13 In Noah’s six hundred and first year , in the first day of the first month , the waters had dried up from the earth , and Noah removed the covering from the ark and saw that the surface of the ground was dry . 8:14 And by the twenty-seventh day of the second month the earth was dry . 8:15 Then God spoke to Noah and said , 8:16 “Come out of the ark , you , your wife , your sons , and your sons ’ wives with you. 8:17 Bring out with you all the living creatures that are with you. Bring out every living thing , including the birds , animals , and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth . Let them increase and be fruitful and multiply on the earth !” 8:18 Noah went out along with his sons , his wife , and his sons ’ wives . 8:19 Every living creature , every creeping thing , every bird , and everything that moves on the earth went out of the ark in their groups . 8:20 Noah built an altar to the Lord . He then took some of every kind of clean animal and clean bird and offered burnt offerings on the altar . 8:21 And the Lord smelled the soothing aroma and said to himself , “I will never again curse the ground because of humankind , even though the inclination of their minds is evil from childhood on. I will never again destroy everything that lives , as I have just done . 8:22 “While the earth continues to exist , planting time and harvest , cold and heat , summer and winter , and day and night will not cease .”

Pericope

NET

Bible Dictionary

  • Flood

    [ebd] an event recorded in Gen. 7 and 8. (See DELUGE.) In Josh. 24:2, 3, 14, 15, the word "flood" (R.V., "river") means the river Euphrates. In Ps. 66:6, this word refers to the river Jordan.
    [isbe] FLOOD - flud: In the King James Version not less than 13 words are rendered "flood," though in the Revised Version (British and American) we find in some passages "river," "stream," "tempest," etc. The word is used for: the ...
    [nave] FLOOD, the deluge. Foretold, Gen. 6:13, 17. History of, Gen. 6-8. References to, Job 22:16; Psa. 90:5; Matt. 24:38; Luke 17:26, 27; Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:20; 2 Pet. 2:5. The promise that it should not recur, Gen. 8:20, 21; I...

  • Noah

    [ebd] rest, (Heb. Noah) the grandson of Methuselah (Gen. 5:25-29), who was for two hundred and fifty years contemporary with Adam, and the son of Lamech, who was about fifty years old at the time of Adam's death. This patriarch is...
    [smith] (rest), the tenth in descent from Adam, in the line of Seth was the son of Lamech and grandson of Methuselah. (B.C. 2948-1998.) We hear nothing of Noah till he is 500 years old when It is said he begat three sons, Shem, Ham a...
    [nave] NOAH 1. Son of Lamech, Gen. 5:28, 29. Builds an ark and saves his family from the flood, Gen. 6:14-22; 7:8; Matt. 24:38; Luke 17:27; Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:20. Builds an altar and offers sacrifices, Gen. 8:20, 21. Receives t...

  • Religion

    [nave] RELIGION. False Deut. 32:31-33. See: Idolatry; Intolerance; Teachers, False. Family See: Family. National Supported by taxes, Ex. 30:11-16; 38:26. Priests supported by the State, 1 Kin. 18:19; 2 Chr. 11:13-15. Subve...

  • Miracles

    [nave] MIRACLES. Index of Sub-topics Catalog of, and Supernatural Events, Of Jesus, in Chronological Order, Of the Disciples of Jesus; Convincing Effect of; Design of; Miraculous Gifts of the Holy Spirit; Miscellany of Minor Sub-...

  • Deluge

    [ebd] the name given to Noah's flood, the history of which is recorded in Gen. 7 and 8. It began in the year 2516 B.C., and continued twelve lunar months and ten days, or exactly one solar year. The cause of this judgment was the ...

  • God

    [nave] GOD. List of Sub-Topics Miscellany; Unclassified Scriptures Relating to; Access to; Compassion of; Creator; Creator of Mankind; Eternity of; Faithfulness of; Fatherhood of; Favor of; Foreknowledge of; Glory of; Goodness of...

  • Judgments

    [nave] JUDGMENTS On the serpent, Gen. 3:14, 15. Eve, Gen. 3:16; Adam, Gen. 3:17-19. Cain, Gen. 4:11-15; the Antediluvians, Gen. 6; 7; Sodomites, Gen. 19:23-25; Egyptians, the plagues and overthrow, Ex. 7-14; Nadab and Abihu, Lev....

  • Ark

    [ebd] Noah's ark, a building of gopher-wood, and covered with pitch, 300 cubits long, 50 cubits broad, and 30 cubits high (Gen. 6:14-16); an oblong floating house of three stories, with a door in the side and a window in the roof....
    [nave] ARK 1. Noah's. Directions for building of, Gen. 6:14-16. Noah and family preserved in, Gen. 6:18; 7:8; Matt. 24:38; Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:20. Animals saved in, Gen. 6:19, 20; 7:1-16. 2. Of Bulrushes, Ex. 2:3. 3. In the Tab...

  • Judgments of God

    [ebd] (1.) The secret decisions of God's will (Ps. 110:5; 36:6). (2.) The revelations of his will (Ex. 21:1; Deut. 6:20; Ps. 119:7-175). (3.) The infliction of punishment on the wicked (Ex. 6:6; 12:12; Ezek. 25:11; Rev. 16:7), suc...

  • DELUGE OF NOAH

    [isbe] DELUGE OF NOAH - del'-uj 1. The Biblical Account 2. "Noah's Log Book" 3. The Egyptian Tradition 4. The Indian Tradition 5. The Chinese Tradition 6. The Greek Tradition 7. The British Tradition 8. The American Indian Traditio...

  • GENESIS, 3

    [isbe] GENESIS, 3 - III. The Structure of the Individual Pericopes. In this division of the article, there is always to be found (under 1) a consideration of the unity of the Biblical text and (under 2) the rejection of the customa...

  • GENESIS, 4

    [isbe] GENESIS, 4 - IV. The Historical Character. 1. History of the Patriarchs: (Genesis 12 through 50): (1) Unfounded Attacks upon the History. (a) From General Dogmatic Principles: In order to disprove the historical character of...

  • Communion

    [nave] COMMUNION. With God Psa. 16:7; John 14:16-18, 23; 1 Cor. 10:16; 2 Cor. 6:16; 2 Cor. 13:14; Gal. 4:6; Phil. 2:1, 2; 1 John 1:3; Rev. 3:20 See: Fellowship. Instances of Enoch, Gen. 5:22, 24. Noah, Gen. 6:9, 13-22; 8:15-17...

  • Animals

    [nave] ANIMALS Creation of, Gen. 1:24, 25; 2:19; Jer. 27:5. Food of, Gen. 1:30. Named, Gen. 2:20. Ordained as food for mankind, Gen. 9:2, 3; Lev. 11:3, 9, 21, 22; Deut. 14:4-6, 9, 11, 20. God's care of, Gen. 9:9, 10; Deut. 25:4...

  • Rain

    [ebd] There are three Hebrew words used to denote the rains of different seasons, (1.) Yoreh (Hos. 6:3), or moreh (Joel 2:23), denoting the former or the early rain. (2.) Melqosh, the "latter rain" (Prov. 16:15). (3.) Geshem, the ...
    [nave] RAIN Forty days of, at the time of the flood, Gen. 7:4, 10-12, 17-24. The plague of, upon Egypt, Ex. 9:22-26, 33, 34. Miraculously caused by Samuel, 1 Sam. 12:16-19; by Elijah, 1 Kin. 18:41-45. David delivered by, 2 Sam. ...

  • Antediluvians

    [nave] ANTEDILUVIANS Worship God, Gen. 4:3, 4, 26. Occupations of, Gen. 4:2, 3, 20-22. Arts of, Gen. 4:2, 3, 20-22; 6:14-22. Enoch prophesies to, Jude 14, 15. Noah preaches to, 2 Pet. 2:5. Wickedness of, Gen. 6:5-7. Destructi...

  • Ship

    [nave] SHIP Built by Noah, Gen. 6:13-22; by Solomon, 1 Kin. 9:26; 2 Chr. 8:17; by Jehoshaphat, 1 Kin. 22:48; 2 Chr. 20:35, 36; of gopher wood, Gen. 6:14; of fir wood, Ezek. 27:5; of bulrushes, Isa. 18:2; sealed with pitch, Gen. 6:1...

  • SABBATH

    [isbe] SABBATH - sab'-ath (shabbath, shabbathon; sabbaton, ta sabbata; the root shabhath in Hebrew means "to desist," "cease," "rest"): I. ORIGIN OF THE SABBATH 1. The Biblical Account 2. Critical Theories II. HISTORY OF THE SABBAT...
    [smith] (shabbath), "a day of rest," from shabath "to cease to do to," "to rest"). The name is applied to divers great festivals, but principally and usually to the seventh day of the week, the strict observance of which is enforced ...

  • Faith

    [nave] FAITH. 2 Sam. 22:31; Psa. 5:11; Psa. 7:1; Psa. 9:9, 10; Psa. 18:30; Psa. 32:10; Psa. 33:18, 19; Psa. 34:8, 22 vs. 1-8;; Psa. 2:12. Psa. 36:7; Psa. 40:4; Psa. 64:10; Psa. 78:7 vs. 5-7.; Psa. 84:5, 12; Psa. 112:5, 7, 8; Psa. ...

  • DOVE

    [ebd] In their wild state doves generally build their nests in the clefts of rocks, but when domesticated "dove-cots" are prepared for them (Cant. 2:14; Jer. 48:28; Isa. 60:8). The dove was placed on the standards of the Assyrians...
    [isbe] DOVE - duv (tor, yonah; peristera; Latin Zenaedura carolinensis): A bird of the family Columbidae. Doves and pigeons are so closely related as to be spoken and written of as synonymous, yet there is a distinction recognized ...
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Arts

Hymns

(Note: In "active" or "on" condition, the hymns music will be played automatically when mouse hover on a hymns title)
  • Hujan, Hujan [KJ.70]
  • Manusia yang Meluku [KJ.335]
  • Selama Bumi Didiami [KJ.298]
  • Tuhan, Pencipta Semesta [KJ.289]
  • Ya Tuhan, pada Saat Dibaptiskan [KJ.307]
  • [Gen 6:16] Upper Window, The
  • [Gen 7:1] Out Of The Ark
  • [Gen 8:10] Welcome For Me
  • [Gen 8:22] Bountiful Harvest
  • [Gen 8:22] God The Father! Whose Creation
  • [Gen 8:22] Praise To God, Your Praises Bring

Questions

  • Read Genesis 2:4-6. This, according to some geologists, indicates that the earth, being then in a cooling condition, had no rain; and they also affirm that there may have been none until the great precipitation at the Flood c...
  • I think your question relates to the Trinity. Who created the heavens and the earth? According to Genesis 1, we could say God the Father, but notice that the Spirit of God is also involved (Genesis 1:2). Then there is Proverb...
  • I just taught on Noah and the flood this past Sunday. I do think that very often the New Testament writers had Old Testament texts and concepts in their minds as they wrote their works. Having said this, some is very subtle, ...
  • Genesis 6 is a very interesting passage with many good Bible teachers rejecting the view that the sons of God refer to fallen angels, but rather refer to Sethites. But in my opinion, I think they do so because of their own hu...
  • All the information we have in Scripture concerning the population of the earth before the Flood is contained in Genesis chapters 4, 5 and 6. It is made clear in Gen. 5:4. that Adam had a numerous progeny. Jewish tradition sa...
  • Most students who approach the book of Revelation from the normal or literal method of interpretation understand the words following the statement about the new heaven and new earth, "and there is no longer any sea" to simply...
  • Christ's soul and spirit undoubtedly went directly into the presence of the Father. This is suggested by the fact that (1) His work on the cross paid the full price for our redemption; His substitutionary work was finished, a...
  • Many good Bible teachers and scholars do take the view that the reference to "angels who did not keep their own domain" is a reference to that group of fallen angels whom Satan persuaded to cohabit with women (Gen. 6:1-4) and...
  • Genesis 9:6 deals with the sin of homicide (which, in a sense, is always fratricide, v. 5) and demands a punishment that matches the crime. The justification for capital punishment established here is the nobility of human li...
  • The following material from The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia should be helpful here: III. Significant numbers Numbers are also used with a symbolical or theological significance. One is used to convey th...
  • It is not merely an arbitrary period or a "round number," but is chosen to convey die sense of fullness. Some of its prominent Scriptural uses are: Moses was forty days on the mount (Ex. 24:18, etc.); Elijah, strengthened by ...
  • The Bible does not give us a specific answer to why people are different color, the following information from The Bible Has the Answer by Henry M. Morris and Martin E. Clark will add some insight on this issue. Question:...
  • According to the directions in Genesis 6:15, the Ark was 300 cubits long, 50 cubits broad and 30 cubits high. Bible students have been greatly puzzled over the length of the cubit, which seems to have varied greatly in ancien...
  • In Genesis 8:20 we find the first reference to an altar, namely that one on which Noah offered his sacrifice to God for deliverance from the danger of the Flood. Armenian tradition says it was built on Mount Ararat....
  • "Generation" is used in a variety of senses in the Scriptures. In some cases, it means a period of limitless duration; in others it means the past (Isa. 51:8), and still others the future (Ps. 100:5) > again, it means both th...
  • God gives joy and Christ was appointed to give it, since the Gospels, which treat of him, are the "good tidings" (Ecc. 2:26; Is. 61:3; Luke 2:10,11) and God's Word affords joy (Neh. 8:12; Jer. 15:16). Joy is promised to saint...
  • In the light of the teaching of Scripture, heaven is the place of God's abode where we also find the good angels and human beings because they were created in the image of God with a soul and spirit. Animals were not created ...

Sermon Illustrations

General; The Covenants of Scripture:; Four Harvests; A Solemn Agreement; Enoch

Resources/Books

Expository Notes on the Bible (Constable)

  • Each book of the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Old Testament, called the Torah [instruction] by the Jews) originally received its title in the Hebrew Bible from the first word or words in the book.1The Hebrew word t...
  • The events recorded in Genesis stretch historically from Creation to Joseph's death, a period of at least 2500 years. The first part of the book (ch. 1-11) is not as easy to date precisely as the second part (ch. 12-50). The ...
  • Genesis provides the historical basis for the rest of the Bible and the Pentateuch, particularly the Abrahamic Covenant. Chapters 1-11 give historical background essential to understanding that covenant, and chapters 12-50 re...
  • The structure of Genesis is very clear. The phrase "the generations of"(toledotin Hebrew, from yaladmeaning "to bear, to generate") occurs ten times (really eleven times since 36:9 repeats 36:1), and in each case it introduce...
  • Chapters 1-11 provide an introduction to the Book of Genesis, the Pentateuch, and the whole Bible."What we find in chaps. 1-11 is the divine initiation of blessing, which is compromised by human sin followed by gracious prese...
  • 1:9 "Seas"(Heb. yammim) refers broadly to all bodies of water, not just oceans.1:10 "Good"indicates beauty as well as purpose and order.65It was only when the land was ready for man that God called it good. This shows God's l...
  • 2:4 Having related the creation of the universe as we know it, God next inspired Moses to explain for his readers what became of it.129Sin entered it and devastated it."The destiny of the human creation is to live in God's wo...
  • There are at least three purposes for the inclusion of this genealogy, which contains 10 paragraphs (vv. 1-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14, 15-17, 18-20, 21-24, 25-27, 28-31, and 32).1. It shows the development of the human race from Ada...
  • The second reason for the flood was the sinfulness of humanity generally.6:5 Men's and women's actions were very wicked and their thoughts and affections were completely evil by this time (cf. vv. 11-12; Rom. 1:18-32)."Near t...
  • The Lord destroyed the corrupt, violent human race and deluged its world, but He used righteous Noah to preserve life and establish a new world after the Flood."Noah's experience presents decisively the author's assertion tha...
  • The chiastic (palistrophic) structure of this section shows that Moses intended to emphasize God's grace to Noah."One mark of the coherence of the flood narrative is to be found in its literary structure. The tale is cast in ...
  • 6:9-12 "The same explanation for Enoch's rescue from death (he walked with God') is made the basis for Noah's rescue from death in the Flood: he walked with God' (6:9). Thus in the story of Noah and the Flood, the author is a...
  • There are two views among evangelicals as to the extent of the Flood.1. A universal flood.Evidence:a. The purpose of the Flood (6:5-7, 11-13).b. The need for an ark (6:14).c. The size of the ark (6:15-16).d. The universal ter...
  • 8:1-5 When Moses wrote that God remembered someone (v. 1), he meant God extended mercy to him or her by delivering that person from death (here; 19:29) or from barrenness (30:22).311God's rescue of Noah foreshadows His delive...
  • Following the Flood God established human life anew on the earth showing His high regard for it. He promised to bless humanity with faithfulness, and He prohibited murder. He also promised with a sign that He would not destro...
  • The main emphasis in this section is not the building of the tower of Babel but the dispersion of the peoples. We can see this in the literary structure of the passage.361AAll the earth had one language (v. 1)Bthere (v. 2)C o...
  • "The Babel account (11:1-9) is not the end of early Genesis. If it were, the story would conclude on the sad note of human failure. But as with earlier events in Genesis 1-11, God's grace once again supersedes human sin, insu...
  • One of the significant changes in the emphasis that occurs at this point in Genesis is from cursing in the primeval record to blessing in the patriarchal narratives. The Abrahamic Covenant is most important in this respect. H...
  • "These verses are of fundamental importance for the theology of Genesis, for they serve to bind together the primeval history and the later patriarchal history and look beyond it to the subsequent history of the nation."414"W...
  • The second crisis Abram faced arose because of a famine in Canaan. Abram chose to sojourn in the Nile Valley until it was past. In this incident Abram tried to pass Sarai off as his sister because he feared for his life. By d...
  • The Lord confirmed His covenant with Abram by commanding him to circumcise all the males in his household. Circumcision thereby became the physical demonstration (sign) of the obedient faith of Abram and his descendants.510Go...
  • In obedience to God's command Abraham took his promised heir to Moriah to sacrifice him to the Lord. Because Abraham was willing to slay his uniquely begotten son God restrained him from killing Isaac and promised to bless hi...
  • A new toledotbegins with 25:19. Its theme is "the acquisition of the blessing and its development and protection by the Lord."625Moses set up the whole Jacob narrative in a chiastic structure that emphasizes the fulfillment o...
  • God formed Jacob's family, the ancestors of the tribes of Israel, as He had promised Jacob at Bethel. Unfortunately Jacob and his wives lived in envy and friction over how God chose to bless them."Jacob had planned to take Ra...
  • Aalders, Gerhard Charles. Genesis. The Bible Student's Commentary series. 2 vols. Translated by William Heynen. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1981.Aharoni, Yohanan, and Michael Avi-Yonah. The Macmillan Bible Atlas...
  • "Whilst Pharaoh was urging forward the extermination of the Israelites, God was preparing their emancipator."34". . . among other things, the Pentateuch is an attempt to contrast the lives of two individuals, Abraham and Mose...
  • ". . . the slaying of the first-born is both the culmination of the plague narrative and the beginning of the passover tradition. Chapter 11 as a literary unit, therefore, points both backward and forward."187Evidently Moses ...
  • "This chapter contains a selected list of creatures that divides each type of creature into various classes of purity. According to the final verse in the chapter, the decisive question was whether a class of animals was uncl...
  • We have here the same threefold division of animals that inhabit the land, sea, and air as the one that appears in the story of creation (Gen. 1:20-23)."It has long been recognized . . . that the order of the purity laws in L...
  • The laws of purification begun in this chapter connect in principle with the preceding ones that deal with unclean food and animals. The defilement dealt with in this group (chs. 12-15) proceeded from the human body. Pollutio...
  • Aharoni, Yohanan, and Michael Avi-Yonah. The Macmillan Bible Atlas. Revised ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1977.Albright, William Foxwell, The Archaeology of Palestine. 1949. Revised ed. Pelican Archaeology series. H...
  • Beating was a form of punishment used in Israel for various offenses. However the safety and personal dignity of the person being beaten was important to God even though he or she deserved the beating. These things were also ...
  • The duty of obedience did not lie beyond the average Israelite's ability if he or she turned to Yahweh wholeheartedly (v. 10). God was not asking something impossible of His people (vv. 11-15; cf. Rom. 10:6-8). He had given t...
  • The main point in the story of the crossing recorded in this chapter is the removal of the stones from the river bed. They served as a memorial of this event for generations to come (vv. 6-7).524:1-14 The piling up of stones ...
  • Israel's continuing success led her enemies to exert increasing opposition against the people of God. This chapter records the Canaanites' first aggressive action against the Israelites.10:1-5 The Jebusites lived in and aroun...
  • The Book of Samuel covers the period of Israel's history bracketed by Samuel's conception and the end of David's reign. David turned the kingdom over to Solomon in 971 B.C.3David reigned for 40 and one-half years (2 Sam. 2:11...
  • A tabernacle, evidently the Mosaic tabernacle, and the Mosaic tabernacle's bronze altar still stood at Gibeon (lit. little hill; 1 Chron. 16:39-40; 21:28-29; 2 Chron. 1:3, 5-6). Gibeon was one of the so-called high places whe...
  • 29:10 The present storm reminded David of the inundation of the whole world in Noah's day. The Hebrew word for flood here occurs elsewhere in the Old Testament only in Genesis 6-11. As Yahweh ruled over His creation then, so ...
  • This section (2:5-22) closes as it opened, with an exhortation, this one negative. Isaiah called on his hearers to stop trusting in man. His life, after all, comes from God, who should be trusted (cf. Gen. 2:7; 7:22; Ps. 146:...
  • Isaiah revealed that the Lord's people are at the center of His plans for the world (cf. 14:2; 21:10). He will preserve them even though He will judge sinful humanity.227This passage contains many connections with the flood n...
  • The prophet now addressed his people rather than God.26:20 Before the restoration of Israel, however, God's people would experience hard times (in the Tribulation, cf. Rev. 12). Before God opened the gates of the new city to ...
  • 31:35 The Lord reminded His people that He was the one who controlled the course of nature, not Baal. It operated regularly and within His set limits, as He promised Noah it would (cf. Gen. 8:22; 9:8-17). The sun and moon do ...
  • This section consists of a small collection of messianic prophecies.33:14 Future days would come, the Lord promised, when He would fulfill His promises concerning the restoration of all Israel."The predicted restoration (the ...
  • "The setting of the Mesopotamian dream-visions--which occurred in both the Assyrian period and the Babylonian period . . . --consisted of four elements: (1) the date, (2) the place of reception, (3) the recipient, and (4) the...
  • This prophecy continues the emphasis on judgment from the previous one and stresses the irrevocability of Jerusalem's destruction (cf. Jer. 7:16; 15:1-4).14:12-14 The Lord spoke to Ezekiel again. He revealed that Jerusalem's ...
  • 7:1 We have already read of two dreams that Nebuchadnezzar had (2:1; 4:5). Now God gave one to Daniel. It too was a vision from God that came to Daniel as he slept."In referring to the experience as a dream' (sing.) Daniel wa...
  • 7:4 Sovereign Yahweh also showed Amos a vision of a great fire that was burning up everything. Like a great drought it consumed all the water and all the farmland (or people) in Israel (cf. 1:19-20). What he saw may have been...
  • Jonah's proclamation moved the Ninevites to humble themselves and seek divine mercy.3:5 The people believed in God because of the message from God that Jonah had brought to them. Fasting and wearing sackcloth were signs of se...
  • This section is a lament and is similar to many psalms of lament (e.g., Ps. 6:3; 10:1-13; 13:1-4; 22:1-21; 74:1-11; 80:4; 88; 89:46; cf. Jer. 12:4; Zech. 1:12).1:2 In prayer the prophet asked Yahweh "how long"would he have to...
  • Habakkuk now changed from describing the manifestation of God and the inanimate and animate reactions to it to a description of His acts on the earth.3:8 With rhetorical questions Habakkuk affirmed that Yahweh was not angry w...
  • 1:2 Yahweh revealed that He would completely remove everything from the face of the earth (cf. 2 Pet. 3:10-12). This is one of the most explicit announcement of the total devastation of planet Earth in the Old Testament (cf. ...
  • 14:1 The Lord announced through His prophet that a day was coming, for His benefit primarily, when the nations that had plundered Israel victoriously would divide their spoil among themselves in Jerusalem. This would be the L...
  • Jesus' genealogy and virgin birth prove His legal human qualification as Israel's King. His baptism was the occasion of His divine approval. His temptation demonstrated His moral fitness to reign. The natural question a thoug...
  • 1:5 Herod the Great ruled over Judea, the large Roman province that included all of Israel, from 37 B.C. to 4 A.D.Luke pointed out that both of John's parents had a priestly heritage. The priests in Israel had the great privi...
  • Luke's account of this significant event is shorter than the parallel passages. At His baptism, Jesus received the anointing of the Holy Spirit for His ministry. It was also the occasion for the Father to authenticate Jesus a...
  • Luke stressed how the Spirit who had come upon Jesus at His baptism guided and empowered Him in His temptation and how Jesus, God's approved Son, pleased His Father by His obedience. Jesus overcame the devil who opposed God's...
  • 17:22-23 Jesus next gave His disciples more instruction about the coming of the kingdom. One of the days of the Son of Man refers to one of the future days when the Son of Man will be reigning on the earth (cf. vv. 24-25, 30)...
  • John the Baptist continued his witness to Jesus' identity by identifying Him publicly as the Lamb of God. This witness is a crucial part of the writer's purpose of promoting faith in Jesus.1:29 The very next day John saw Jesu...
  • "The present vv, 3:4-9, form six strophes, each of which divides . . . roughly into half. The two halves of the strophes balance one another; for the second part of the v provides a development of the first part (vv 4, 5, 7),...
  • 11:11 The breath of life from God will revive the witnesses' dead bodies (cf. Gen. 6:17; 7:15, 22; 2 Kings 13:20-21; Ezek. 37:5, 10). Their resurrections will terrify onlookers because these God-haters could do no more to sil...

Expositions Of Holy Scripture (Maclaren)

  • Genesis 6:9-22
  • A very profound truth, not only of the certain divine retribution, but of the indissoluble connection of sin with destruction. The same word is thrice employed in Genesis 6:11-12 to express corruption,' and in Genesis 6:13 to...
  • Genesis 8:1-22The universal tradition of a deluge is most naturally accounted for by admitting that there was a universal deluge.' But universal' does not apply to the extent as embracing the whole earth, but as affecting the...
  • These extended over centuries, the whole history of which is summed up in two words: death and growth. The calm years glided on, and the shepherds in Goshen had the happiness of having no annals. All that needed to be recorde...
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