Acts 27:1--28:31
When <5613> [when.]
Italy <2482> [Italy.]
Italy is a well-known country of Europe, bounded by the Adriatic or Venetian Gulf on the east, the Tyrrhene or Tuscan Sea on the west, and by the Alps on the north.
centurion <1543> [a centurion.]
[Augustus'.]
from Adramyttium <98> [Adramyttium.]
Adramyttium, now Adramyti, was a maritime city of Mysia in Asia Minor, seated at the foot of Mount Ida, on a gulf of the same name, opposite the island of Lesbos.
put out to sea <321> [we.]
to sail <4126> [to sail.]
Aristarchus <708> [Aristarchus.]
accompanied <4862 2254> [with us.]
Sidon <4605> [Sidon.]
Julius <2457> [Julius.]
Cyprus <2954> [Cyprus.]
winds <417> [the winds.]
Cilicia <2791> [Cilicia.]
Pamphylia <3828> [Pamphylia.]
Myra <3460> [Myra.]
Myra was a city of Lycia, situated on a hill, twenty stadia from the sea.
centurion <1543> [the centurion.]
from Alexandria <222> [Alexandria.]
Alexandria, now Scanderoon, was a celebrated city and port of Egypt, built by Alexander the Great, situated on the Mediterranean and the lake Moeris, opposite the island of Pharos, and about twelve miles from the western branch of the Nile.
Cnidus <2834> [Cnidus.]
Cnidus was a town and promontory of Caria in Asia Minor, opposite Crete, now Cape Krio.
we sailed under the lee <5284> [we sailed.]
we sailed under the lee <5284> [under.]
Crete <2914> [Crete, or, Candy.]
Crete, now Candy, is a large island in the Mediterranean, 250 miles in length, 50 in breadth, and 600 in circumference, lying at the entrance of the Aegean sea.
Salmone <4534> [Salmone.]
Salmone, now Salamina, was a city and cape on the east of the island of Crete.
<2570 2568> [The fair havens.]
The Fair Havens, still known by the same name, was a port on the south-eastern part of Crete, near Lasea, of which nothing now remains.
fast <3521> [the fast.]
"The fast was on the tenth day of the seventh month."
I can see <2334> [I perceive.]
loss <2209> [damage, or, injury.]
was ... convinced <3982> [believed.]
harbor ............................ a harbor <3040> [the haven.]
Phoenix <5405> [Phenice.]
Phenice, was a sea-port on the western side of Crete; probably defended from the fury of the winds by a high and winding shore, forming a semicircle, and perhaps by some small island in front; leaving two openings, one towards the south-west, and the other towards the north-west.
Crete <2914> [Crete.]
south wind <3558> [the south.]
weighed anchor <142> [loosing.]
Not <3756> [not.]
[arose, or beat. a tempestuous.]
northeaster <2148> [Euroclydon.]
Probably, as Dr. Shaw supposes, one of those tempestuous winds called levanters, which blow in all directions, from N. E. round by E. to S. E.
gave way <1929> [we.]
Cauda <2802> [Clauda.]
Clauda, called Cauda and Gaudos by Mela and Pliny, and Claudos by Ptolemy, and now Gozo, according to Dr. Shaw, is a small island, situated at the south-western extremity of the island of Crete.
Fearing <5399> [fearing.]
violently <4971> [being.]
next day <1836> [the next.]
they threw ..... overboard <4496> [we.]
neither ... nor <3383> [neither.]
and <1161 5037 3756> [and no.]
all <3956> [all.]
had <5225> [after.]
should <1163> [ye should.]
not <3361> [not.]
I advise <3867> [I exhort.]
for <1063> [for.]
came <3936> [there.]
to whom ..... whom <3739> [whose.]
and <2532> [and.]
Do not be afraid <5399 3361> [Fear not.]
You <4571> [thou.]
<2400> [lo.]
I have faith <4100> [I believe.]
some <5100> [a certain.]
fourteenth <5065> [the fourteenth.]
Adriatic Sea <99> [Adria.]
Adria strictly speaking, was the name of the Adriatic gulf, now the Gulf of Venice, an arm of the Mediterranean, about 400 miles long and 140 broad, stretching along the eastern shores of Italy on one side, and Dalmatia, Sclavonia, and Macedonia on the other. But the term Adria was extended far beyond the limits of this gulf, and appears to have been given to an indeterminate extent of sea, as we say, generally, the Levant. It is observable, that the sacred historian does not say "in the Adriatic gulf," but "in Adria," (that is, the Adriatic sea, [Adrias <\\See definition 99\\>] being understood;) which, says Hesychius, was the same as the Ionian sea; and Strabo says that the Ionian gulf "is a part of that now called the Adriatic." But not only the Ionian, but even the Sicilian sea, and part of that which washes Crete, were called the Adriatic. Thus the scholiast on Dionysius Periegetis says, "they call this Sicilian sea Adria." And Ptolemy says that Sicily was bounded on the east by the Adriatic, [hupo <\\See definition 5259\\> Adrias <\\See definition 99\\>,] and that Crete was bounded on the west by the Adriatic sea, [hupo <\\See definition 5259\\> tou <\\See definition 5120\\> Adriatikos pelagos <\\See definition 3989\\>.]
sailors <3492> [the shipmen.]
we would run aground <1601> [fallen.]
anchors <45> [anchors.]
wished <2172> [and wished.]
ship's boat <4627> [the boat.]
bow <4408> [foreship.]
said <2036> [said.]
<3362> [Except.]
<891> [while.]
Today <4594> [This.]
for this .... for .... For <1063 5124 4314> [for this.]
for .... For <1063 4314 4098> [for there.]
gave thanks <2168> [and gave.]
in front of <1799> [in.]
all ... them <846 3956> [they all.]
<1250> [two.]
persons <5590> [souls.]
they lightened <2893> [they lightened.]
wheat <4621> [The wheat.]
The Romans imported corn from Egypt, by way of Alexandria, to which this ship belonged; for a curious account of which see Bryant's treatise on the Euroclydon.
slipped <4014> [taken up, etc. or, cut the anchors, they left them in the sea, etc.]
linkage ..... steering oars <4079 2202> [the rudder bands.]
Or, "the bands of the rudders;" for large vessels in ancient times had two or more rudders, which were fastened to the ship by means of bands, or chains, by which they were hoisted out of the water when incapable of being used. These bands being loosed, the rudders would fall into their proper places, and serve to steer the vessel into the creek, which they had in view, and hoisted.
ran .... aground <2027> [they ran.]
was being broken up <3089> [broken.]
wanting <1014> [willing.]
brought safely <1295> [that.]
land <1093> [land.]
Melita, now Malta, the island on which Paul and his companions were cast, is situate in the Mediterranean sea, about fifty miles from the coast of Sicily, towards Africa; and is one immense rock of soft white free-stone, twenty miles long, twelve in its greatest breadth, and sixty in circumference. Some, however, with the learned Jacob Bryant, are of opinion that this island was Melita in the Adriatic gulf, near Illyricum; but it may be sufficient to observe, that the course of the Alexandrian ship, first to Syracuse and then to Rhegium, proves that it was the present Malta, as the proper course from the Illyrian Melita would have been first to Rhegium, before it reached Syracuse, to which indeed it need not have gone at all.
island <3520> [the island.]
local inhabitants <915> [barbarous.]
showed <3930> [shewed.]
because <1223> [because.]
came out <1831> [came.]
fastened ... on <2510> [fastened.]
local people <915> [barbarians.]
creature <2342> [beast.]
No doubt <3843> [No doubt.]
a murderer <5406> [a murderer.]
suffered <3958> [felt.]
said <3004> [said.]
chief official <4413> [the chief.]
who <3739> [who.]
father <3962> [the father.]
after praying <4336> [prayed.]
placed <2007> [laid.]
healed <2390> [and healed.]
many of the people <3062> [others.]
honors <5092> [honoured.]
they gave <2007> [laded.]
[Cir. A.M. 4067. A.D. 63.]
ship <4143> [a ship.]
figurehead <3902> [whose.]
Syracuse <4946> [Syracuse.]
Syracuse was the capital of Sicily, situated on the eastern side of the island, 72 miles S. by E. of Messina, and about 112 of Palermo. In its ancient state of splendour it was 22« in extent, according to Strabo; and such was its opulence, that when the Romans took it, they found more riches than they did at Carthage.
Rhegium <4484> [Rhegium.]
Rhegium, now Reggio, was a maritime city and promontory in Italy, opposite Messina.
a south wind <3558> [the south.]
Puteoli <4223> [Puteoli.]
Puteoli, now Puzzuoli, is an ancient sea-port of Campania, in the kingdom of Naples, about eight miles S. W. of that city, standing upon a hill in a creek opposite to Baiae.
found <2147> [we found.]
were invited <3870> [and were.]
brothers ........................... Paul <80 3972> [when.]
Forum of Appius <675 5410> [Appii forum.]
Appii Forum, now Borgo Longo, was an ancient city of the Volsci, fifty miles S. of Rome.
Three Taverns <5140 4999> [The three taverns.]
The Three Taverns was a place in the Appian Way, thirty miles from Rome.
thanked <2168> [he thanked.]
Rome <4516> [Rome.]
Rome, the capital of Italy, and once of the whole world, is situated on the banks of the Tiber, about sixteen miles from the sea; 410 miles S. S .E. of Vienna, 600 S. E. of Paris, 730 E. by N. of Madrid, 760 W. of Constantinople, and 780 S. E. of London.
<1543> [the centurion.]
<4759> [captain.]
<1161> [but.]
I <1473> [though.]
I was handed over <3860> [was.]
I was forced <315> [I was.]
not <3756> [not.]
for ..................... because of ... hope <1223 1063 1680> [for the.]
chain <5026 254> [this chain.]
That is, the chain with which he was bound to the "soldier that kept him;" (ver. 16;) a mode of custody which Dr. Lardner has shown was in use among the Romans. It is in exact conformity, therefore, with the truth of St. Paul's situation at this time, that he declares himself to be "an ambassador in a chain," [en <\\See definition 1722\\> halusis <\\See definition 254\\>,] (Eph 6:20;) and the exactness is the more remarkable, as [halusis <\\See definition 254\\>,] a chain is no where used in the singular number to express any other kind of custody.
We <2249> [We.]
for <1063> [for.]
sect <139> [sect.]
<2240> [there came.]
he explained <1620> [he expounded.]
both <5037> [both.]
From ....................... from <575> [from.]
unable <800> [agreed.]
rightly <2573> [well.]
Go <4198> [Go.]
keep on hearing <189> [Hearing.]
advised <1110 846 2077> [it known.]
salvation <4992> [the salvation.]
has been sent <649> [sent.]
<4183 4803> [great reasoning.]
<3972> [Paul.]
St. Paul, after his release, is supposed to have visited Jud‘a, in the way to which he left Titus at Crete, (Tit 1:5,) and then returned through Syria, Cilicia, Asia Minor, and Greece, to Rome; where, according to primitive tradition, he was beheaded by order of Nero, A.D. 66, at Aquae Saiviae, three miles from Rome, and interred in the Via Ostensis, two miles from the city, where Constantine erected a church.
<3306> [dwelt.]
proclaiming <2784> [Cir. A.M. 4069. A.D. 65. Preaching.]
and teaching <2532 1321> [and teaching.]
with <3326> [with.]
CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. The Acts of the Apostles is a most valuable portion of Divine revelation; and, independently of its universal reception in the Christian church, as an authentic and inspired production, it bears the most satisfactory internal evidence of its authenticity and truth. St. Luke's long attendance upon St. Paul, and his having been an eyewitness of many of the facts which he has recorded, independently of his Divine inspiration, render him a most suitable and credible historian; and his medical knowledge, for he is allowed to have been a physician, enabled him both to form a proper judgment of the miraculous cures which were performed by St. Paul, and to give an authentic and circumstantial detail of them. The plainness and simplicity of the narrative are also strong circumstances in its favour. The history of the Acts is one of the most important parts of the Sacred History, for without it neither the Gospels nor Epistles could have been so clearly understood; but by the aid of it the whole scheme of the Christian revelation is set before us in a clear and easy view.
